The DOI matches its Crossref record; 14 of the 14 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Smoking, maternal age, fetal growth, and gestational age at delivery
Abstract
The relationship between smoking and maternal age and their combined effects on birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation, and preterm delivery were studied. Smoking lowers birth weight both by decreasing fetal growth and by lowering gestational age at delivery. However, the effect of smoking on both fetal growth and gestational age is significantly greater as maternal age advances. In a multiple logistic regression model adjusting for race, parity, marital status, maternal weight, weight gain, and alcohol use, smoking was associated with a fivefold increased risk of growth retardation in women older than 35 but less than a twofold increased risk in women younger than 17. Smoking reduced birth weight by 134 gm in young women but 301 gm in women older than 35. Smoking in older women also was associated with more instances of preterm delivery and a lower mean gestational age when compared to women 25 or younger.
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“Birth weight is dependent upon numerous factors including gestational age at the time of delivery [1]; maternal characteristics [1–3]; and placental volume, vasculature and function [4].”
From Volume and vascularity: Using ultrasound to unlock the secrets of the first trimester placenta (2019) · cites this paper as [2]
Citations
Cites
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A standard of fetal growth for the united states of America
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PERINATAL EVENTS ASSOCIATED WITH MATERNAL SMOKING DURING PREGNANCY1
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Effects of smoking on fetoplacental-maternal system during pregnancy
Mochizuki, M., Maruo, T., Masuko, K., & Ohtsu, T. (1984) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(84)90156-x · Cited by 152
Fetal growth retardation in relation to maternal smoking and weight gain in pregnancy
Miller, H. C., Hassanein, K. M., & Hensleigh, P. A. (1976) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(76)90891-7 · Cited by 107
Determinants of size at birth in a Canadian population
Anderson, G. D., Blidner, I. N., McClemont, S., & Sinclair, J. C. (1984) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(84)90358-2 · Cited by 105
Smoking, maternal age, and fetal growth.
Cnattingius, S., Axelssön, O., EKLUND, G. A., & Lindmark, G. (1985) · PubMed · Cited by 88
The duration of maternal cigarette smoking, fetal and placental disorders
Naeye, R. L. (1979) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/0378-3782(79)90031-8 · Cited by 60
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Bb, P., & MacGillivray, I. (1978) · PubMed · Cited by 53
A county-wide obstetrical automated medical record system
Wirtschafter, D. D., Blackwell, W. C., Goldenberg, R. L., Henderson, S. A., Peake, M. N., Huddleston, J. F., & Howell, M. (1982) · Journal of Medical Systems · doi:10.1007/bf00992804 · Cited by 28
Maternal smoking and low birthweight in the reproductive history of women in Puerto Rico, 1982.
Becerra, J. E., & Smith, J. C. (1988) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.78.3.268 · Cited by 23
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Cnattingius, S. (2004) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1080/14622200410001669187 · Cited by 1,126
Iron supplementation during pregnancy, anemia, and birth weight: a randomized controlled trial
Cogswell, M. E., Parvanta, I., Ickes, L., Yip, R., & Brittenham, G. M. (2003) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/78.4.773 · Cited by 384
Ritz, B. R., & Yu, F. (1999) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.9910717 · Cited by 334
Windham, G. C., Hopkins, B., Fenster, L., & Swan, S. H. (2000) · Epidemiology · doi:10.1097/00001648-200007000-00011 · Cited by 318
Ego, A., Subtil, D., Grange, G., Thiebaugeorges, O., Senat, M.-V., Vayssiere, C., & Zeitlin, J. (2006) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2005.10.816 · Cited by 263
Metadata
- Authors
- Wu Wen, S., Goldenberg, R. L., Cutter, G. R., Hoffman, H. J., Cliver, S. P., Davis, R. O., & DuBard, M. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Goldenberg, Robert L.
- Venue
- American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1990-01
- Volume
- 162
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 53-58
- ISSN
- 0002-9378 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1966106098
- Cited by
- 172
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 11.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (N01-HD-4-2811)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Keywords
- maternal smoking, maternal age, birth weight, fetal growth restriction, preterm birth, gestational age, pregnancy outcomes
- MeSH terms
- Birth Weight, Female, Embryonic and Fetal Development, Fetal Growth Retardation, Gestational Age, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Premature, Maternal Age, Pregnancy, Regression Analysis, Smoking, Pregnancy, High-Risk, Delivery, Obstetric
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