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Stimulation of collagen synthesis in fibroblast cultures by the tripeptide‐copper complex glycyl‐L‐histidyl‐L‐lysine‐Cu2+
Abstract
Glycyl‐L‐histidyl‐L‐lysine (GHK) is a tripeptide with affinity for copper(II) ions and was isolated from human plasma. This peptide appears to play a physiological role in wound healing. We report the stimulating effect of GHK‐Cu on collagen synthesis by fibroblasts. The stimulation began between 10−12 and 10−11 M, maximized at 10−9 M, and was independent of any change in cell number. The presence of a GHK triplet in the α 2(I) chain of type I collagen suggests that the tripeptide might be liberated by proteases at the site of a wound and exert in situ healing effects.
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In the citing paper
“Subsequent studies directed by Borel and Maquart et al. demonstrated that both GHK and GHK-Cu, at a very low, non-toxic concentration (0.01-1 nM), stimulated collagen synthesis in cultured fibroblasts while non-collagen proteins were not affected [23].”
From GHK-Cu may Prevent Oxidative Stress in Skin by Regulating Copper and Modifying Expression of Numerous Antioxidant Genes (2015) · cites this paper as [23]
In the citing paper
“GHK is probably released locally during collagen or SPARC (Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine) proteolysis caused by skin damage [37,38].”
From Ternary Cu(II) Complex with GHK Peptide and Cis-Urocanic Acid as a Potential Physiologically Functional Copper Chelate (2020) · cites this paper as [38]
In the citing paper
“The GHK amino acid sequence is present in the alpha 2(I) chain of type I collagen, and when damage activates proteolytic enzymes, GHK is released into the site of an injury [7].”
From Regenerative and Protective Actions of the GHK-Cu Peptide in the Light of the New Gene Data (2018) · cites this paper as [7]
In the citing paper
“GHK sequence is included in the collagen molecule, and SPARC protein and GHK is naturally released after an injury due to protein breakdown.”
From Regenerative and Protective Actions of the GHK-Cu Peptide in the Light of the New Gene Data (2018) · cites this paper as [7]
In the citing paper
“In 1988, Maquart et al. from Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (France) found that GHK at concentrations of 10 -12 and 10 -11 M, maximized at 10 -9 M was able to stimulate the synthesis of collagen in fibroblasts.”
From Modulation of Gene Expression in Human Breast Cancer MCF7 and Prostate Cancer PC3 Cells by the Human Copper-Binding Peptide GHK-Cu (2021) · cites this paper as [5]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Maquart, F.-X., Pickart, L., Laurent, M., Gillery, P., Monboisse, J.-C., & Borel, J.-P.
- Affiliations
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Maquart, François-Xavier
- Venue
- FEBS Letters
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1988-10-10
- Volume
- 238
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 343-346
- ISSN
- 0014-5793 (ISSN-L)
- 1873-3468
- OpenAlex
- W2033753997
- Cited by
- 181
- References
- 13
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 1.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- FEBS Letters (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Wound Healing and Treatments
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Collagen: Extraction and Characterization
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver physiology and pathology
- Keywords
- copper(II) complexes, collagen synthesis, fibroblasts, wound healing, tripeptides, protease cleavage, plasma peptides
- MeSH terms
- Cells, Cultured, Chromatography, Thin Layer, Collagen, Fibroblasts, Growth Substances, Humans, Oligopeptides, Procollagen, Proline, Wound Healing
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