Stimulation of Cell Proliferation and Expression of Matrixmetalloproteinase-1 and Interluekin-8 Genes in Dermal Fibroblasts by Copper
Abstract
Copper is essential to wound healing as well as a widespread environmental pollutant, with skin aging potential. Wound healing and skin aging are facilitated by matrixmetalloproteinases (MMP), which remodel the extracellular matrix, and interleukin-8 (IL-8), linked with copper. This research investigated the mechanism to copper's role in wound healing or skin aging by regulation of MMP-1 and IL-8 genes. It examined the dose-responsive effects of copper on MMP-1, -2, and -9 activities; MMP-1 and IL-8 gene regulation at protein, mRNA, and promoter levels; tissue inhibitor of matrixmetalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) expression; and cell proliferation. Copper stimulated cell proliferation and the expression of MMP-1 and IL-8 genes at the protein, mRNA, and promoter levels, indicating transcriptional regulation, without significantly altering TIMP-1. The research suggests that copper facilitates wound healing as well as skin aging via the induction of MMP-1 expression, with limiting MMP effect at the higher concentrations through enhanced IL-8 expression, which favors extracellular matrix deposition.
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Copper ions act as cofactors for enzymes involved in wound healing, such as elastases and metalloproteinases, facilitating autolysis of necrotic tissue.
“Additionally, copper ions act as cofactors for enzymes involved in wound healing, such as elastases and metalloproteinases. These enzymes facilitate the autolysis of necrotic tissue, contributing to copper dressings’ potent debridement effect.”
From The Journey of Copper-Impregnated Dressings in Wound Healing: From a Medical Hypothesis to Clinical Practice (2025) · cites this paper as [34]
Copper stimulates the proliferation of dermal fibroblasts and is involved in the synthesis and stabilization of extracellular matrix skin proteins and angiogenesis.
“Cu stimulates the proliferation of dermal fibroblasts and is involved in the synthesis and stabilization of extracellular matrix skin proteins and angiogenesis.”
From Bioactive Compounds for Skin Health: A Review (2021) · cites this paper as [126]
Copper is a cofactor of superoxide dismutase, an enzyme involved in protecting the skin against the harmful effects of free radicals, and also prevents oxidative damage to cell membranes and lipid peroxidation.
“It is a cofactor of superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme involved in protecting the skin against the harmful effects of free radicals, and also prevents oxidative damage to cell membranes and lipid peroxidation [118,126].”
From Bioactive Compounds for Skin Health: A Review (2021) · cites this paper as [126]
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- Authors
- Philips, N., Hwang, H., Chauhan, S., Leonardi, D., & Gonzalez, S.
- Affiliations
- Fairleigh Dickinson University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Philips, Neena
- ORCID
- Leonardi, Donna
- Venue
- Connective Tissue Research
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2010-01-06
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 224-229
- ISSN
- 0300-8207 (ISSN-L)
- 1607-8438
- OpenAlex
- W2092247091
- Cited by
- 95
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 2.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Connective Tissue Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Fairleigh Dickinson University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Wound Healing and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Trace Elements in Health
- Keywords
- copper, dermal fibroblasts, MMP-1, interleukin-8, cell proliferation, wound healing, skin aging, extracellular matrix remodeling, TIMP-1, gene expression regulation, transcriptional regulation, MMP-2, MMP-9
- MeSH terms
- Cell Survival, Cells, Cultured, Copper, Environmental Pollutants, Fibroblasts, Humans, Infant, Newborn, RNA, Messenger, Skin, Wound Healing, Skin Aging, Gene Expression, Interleukin-8, Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1, Matrix Metalloproteinase 1, Cell Proliferation
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