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The geochemistry of the stable carbon isotopes
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“For carbon isotopes, laboratory experiments suggest a KFF between -13.7 ±0.1‰ and -17.2 ±0.6‰ (Table 7, Fig. 13a, Craig, 1953; Usdowski and Hoefs, 1986; Clark et al., 1992; Dietzel et al., 2009; Böttcher et al., 2018)”
From Isotopic fractionation accompanying CO2 hydroxylation and carbonate precipitation from high pH waters at The Cedars, California, USA (2021) · cites this paper as Craig, 1953
Citations
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Metadata
- Authors
- Craig, H.
- Affiliations
- University of Chicago (US)
- Corresponding author
- Craig, Harmon
- Venue
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1953-02
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 2-3
- Pages
- 53-92
- ISSN
- 0016-7037 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1990783861
- Cited by
- 1,965
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 45 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 50 · 2020: 60 · 2019: 58 · 2018: 47 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 38 · 2014: 44 · 2013: 46 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 49.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry
- Keywords
- stable carbon isotopes, terrestrial organic carbon, carbonate rocks, marine organic carbon, atmospheric CO2, fossil wood, coal, limestone, petroleum origin, black shales, graphite, diamond, igneous rock, Yellowstone National Park, meteorites, isotope fractionation, cementite
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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