The DOI matches its Crossref record; 30 of the 30 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Spatial representation
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
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Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
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Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Tversky, A. (1977) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.84.4.327 · Cited by 7,414
Mental Images and Their Transformations
D., C. P., Shepard, R. N., & Cooper, L. A. (1983) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1422825 · Cited by 1,685
Differences in spatial knowledge acquired from maps and navigation
Thorndyke, P. W., & Hayes-Roth, B. (1982) · Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1016/0010-0285(82)90019-6 · Cited by 1,167
Seeing and imagining in the cerebral hemispheres: A computational approach.
Kosslyn, S. M. (1987) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.94.2.148 · Cited by 946
Mental rotation and orientation-dependence in shape recognition
Tarr, M. J., & Pinker, S. (1989) · Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1016/0010-0285(89)90009-1 · Cited by 778
Distortions in judged spatial relations
Stevens, A., & Coupe, P. (1978) · Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1016/0010-0285(78)90006-3 · Cited by 734
Evidence of hierarchies in cognitive maps
Hirtle, S. C., & Jonides, J. (1985) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/bf03197683 · Cited by 655
Distortions in memory for maps
Tversky, B. (1981) · Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1016/0010-0285(81)90016-5 · Cited by 639
Mental representations of spatial relations
McNamara, T. P. (1986) · Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1016/0010-0285(86)90016-2 · Cited by 572
Self-citationKosslyn, S. M., Koenig, O., Barrett, A., & Cave, C. B. (1989) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance · doi:10.1037//0096-1523.15.4.723 · Cited by 487
Cited by
Large number discrimination in 6-month-old infants
Xu, F., & Spelke, E. S. (2000) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/s0010-0277(99)00066-9 · Cited by 1,531
Burge, T. (2010) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199581405.001.0001 · Cited by 1,075
Reward, Motivation, and Reinforcement Learning
Dayan, P., & Balleine, B. W. (2002) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(02)00963-7 · Cited by 855
Initial knowledge: six suggestions
Spelke, E. (1994) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/0010-0277(94)90039-6 · Cited by 832
Mindreading: An Integrated Account of Pretence, Self-Awareness, and Understanding Other Minds
Nichols, S., & Stich, S. P. (2003) · doi:10.1093/0198236107.001.0001 · Cited by 773
Metadata
- Authors
- McNamara, T. P.
- Venue
- Geoforum
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1992-05
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 139-150
- ISSN
- 0016-7185 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4254241601
- Cited by
- 281
- References
- 30
- FWCI
- 14.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Spatial representation. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/0016-7185(92)90012-s
- The paper
- McNamara, T. P. (1992). Spatial representation. Geoforum. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7185(92)90012-s
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
