The DOI matches its Crossref record; 15 of the 15 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A simple model of convection in the Jovian atmosphere
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In the citing paper
“on one hand, the alternating jets on gas giant planets are 'shallow', existing above 10 bars or so [15-17]; on the other hand, zonal jets are 'deep', extending to tens of thousands of bars [18-22].”
From Deep rotating convection generates the polar hexagon on Saturn (2020) · cites this paper as [18]
In the citing paper
“Existing models posit as the driver of the flow either the differential radiative heating of the upper atmosphere (e.g., Williams 1979Williams , 2003b) ) or the intrinsic heat fluxes emanating from the deep interior (e.g., Busse 1976;Heimpel et al. 2005;Aurnou et al. 2007;Chan and Mayr 2008;Kaspi et al. 2009).”
From Mechanisms of Jet Formation on the Giant Planets (2010) · cites this paper as Busse 1976
In the citing paper
“Under these circumstances, convective plumes are columns aligned with M V surfaces because, as above, rapid rotation inhibits motion perpendicular to M V surfaces in the absence of viscous or other stresses (e.g., Busse 1976Busse , 1978;;Kaspi et al. 2009;Jones et al. 2009).”
From Mechanisms of Jet Formation on the Giant Planets (2010) · cites this paper as Busse 1976
Citations
Cites
Hydrodynamic and Hydromagnetic Stability
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Thermal instabilities in rapidly rotating systems
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Self-citationA study of Bénard convection with and without rotation
Rossby, T. (1969) · Journal of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1017/s0022112069001674 · Cited by 609
On the thermal instability of a rotating-fluid sphere containing heat sources
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Differential Rotation in Stellar Convection Zones
Busse, F. H. (1970) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/150337 · Cited by 183
Self-citationLaboratory Simulation of Thermal Convection in Rotating Planets and Stars
Busse, F. H., & Carrigan, C. R. (1976) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.191.4222.81 · Cited by 133
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–278 of 278
Jupiter’s Occultation Radii: Implications for its Internal DynamicsPreprint
Helled, R. (2016) · Cited by 3
Spontaneous Generated Convective Anticyclones at Low Latitude—A Model for the Great Red Spot
Cai, T., Chan, K. L., & Chow, K. (2022) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac3b4b · Cited by 2
“The second is a deep model in which columnar jets (Busse 1976; Christensen 2001; Heimpel & Aurnou 2007; Cai & Chan 2012; Aurnou et al. 2015) and vortices (Chan & Mayr 2013; Heimpel et al. 2016; Yadav & Bloxham 2020; Cai et al. 2021) are maintained by the energy deep from the interior of Jupiter.”
BackgroundMagnetic damping of jet flows in quasi-two-dimensional Rayleigh-Bénard convection
Aggarwal, A., Aurnou, J. M., & Horn, S. (2022) · Physical review. E · doi:10.1103/physreve.106.045104 · Cited by 2
Unstably stratified geophysical fluid dynamics
Yano, J., & Sommeria, J. (1997) · Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans · doi:10.1016/s0377-0265(96)00478-2 · Cited by 2
Convection in a rapidly rotating system: the smallinclination limit and its planetary applications
Cordero, S. (1999) · Planetary and Space Science · doi:10.1016/s0032-0633(98)00117-2 · Cited by 2
Kong, D., Zhang, K., & Schubert, G. (2016) · Physics of The Earth and Planetary Interiors · doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2016.11.009 · Cited by 2
Atmospheric Dynamics of Giants and Icy Planets
Sánchez-Lavega, A., & Heimpel, M. H. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-30648-3_51-1 · Cited by 2
Direct statistical simulation of the Busse annulus
Oishi, J. S., Burns, K. J., Marston, J. B., & Tobias, S. M. (2022) · Journal of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1017/jfm.2022.798 · Cited by 2
“The Busse annulus models rotating convection in an annulus with slanted ends leading to a topographic β effect; this effect leads to vortex stretching and the generation of systematic large-scale flows (see e.g. Busse 1976; Brummell & Hart 1993; Rotvig & Jones 2006).”
BackgroundLiao, X., Feng, T., & Zhang, K. (2007) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/521526 · Cited by 2
Depth of Jupiter’s Zonal Flow under the “Shallow-wind” Assumption
Li, W., Kong, D., Zhang, K., & Pan, Y. (2020) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab959d · Cited by 2
Atmospheric Dynamics of Giants and Icy Planets
Sánchez-Lavega, A., & Heimpel, M. H. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-55333-7_51 · Cited by 2
A theory for polar cyclones on giant planets
O’Neill, M. E. (2015) · DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) · Cited by 2
Dynamics of Jupiter’s Atmosphere
Ingersoll, A. P., & Vasavada, A. R. (1998) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-011-4778-1_134 · Cited by 2
“An alternate view (Busse 1976) is that the winds are just as strong in the deep atmosphere as they are in the visible cloud deck.”
InfluentialBastin, M. E., & Read, P. L. (1999) · Physics and Chemistry of the Earth Part B Hydrology Oceans and Atmosphere · doi:10.1016/s1464-1909(99)00033-7 · Cited by 2
Beebe, R. F. (1983) · Reviews of Geophysics · doi:10.1029/rg021i002p00143 · Cited by 2
Experimental and numerical study of Jupiter’s dynamics : jets, vortices and zonostrophic turbulence
Lemasquerier, D. (2021) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/32a18709z6f94z450az98cezf7dbb578518a · Cited by 2
Plumbing the depths of Uranus and Neptune
Read, P. L. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/497323a · Cited by 1
Is the Stormy Weather of Jupiter is Comparable to Earth
Bhattacharya, A. B., Raha, B., & Debnath, M. (2013) · Cited by 1
(2006) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/3-540-37713-1_5 · Cited by 1
JONES, C. A. (2023) · Nature Astronomy · doi:10.1038/s41550-023-02129-z · Cited by 1
Saturn's Small‐Scale Winds Revealed by Its High‐Degree Gravity Field
Kim, S., Parisi, M., Mankovich, C. R., Buccino, D., & Yang, Y. (2025) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2024gl113236 · Cited by 1
“…of Saturn's small‐scale winds provides further evidence for cylindrical orientation of zonal flows, a concept that has been theoretically proposed (Busse, 1976; Christensen, 2001) and now increasingly supported by observational data (Galanti, Kaspi, Miguel, et al., 2019; Kaspi et al., 2020,…”
InfluentialModeling convection and zonal winds in giant planets
Evonuk, M., & Glatzmaier, G. A. (2006) · Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union · doi:10.1017/s1743921307000397 · Cited by 1
“The resulting nonlinear convergence of eastward momentum flux in the outer part of the convective column and convergence of westward momentum flux in the inner part of the column maintains a differential rotation (Busse 1976).”
BackgroundJupiter’s wind bands have deep roots
Grant, A. (2018) · Physics Today · doi:10.1063/pt.3.3914 · Cited by 1
A quasi-geostrophic convection model for planetary systems using a domain decomposition method
Feng, T., Liao, X., & Zhang, K. (2007) · Physics of The Earth and Planetary Interiors · doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2007.04.013 · Cited by 1
Dynamics of the atmosphere of Jupiter
Gierasch, P. J. (1996) · Endeavour · doi:10.1016/s0160-9327(96)10018-1 · Cited by 1
Perryman, M. A. C. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108304160.005 · Cited by 1
KONDRATYEV, K. Y., & Hunt, G. E. (1982) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-026493-6.50008-7 · Cited by 1
Brown, W. K. (1997) · Speculations in Science and Technology · doi:10.1023/a:1018577022883 · Cited by 1
“In 1976, Busse [ 1 ,2] constructed an apparatus to mock up the rotation of Jupiter.”
BackgroundEguzki-sistemako planeta erraldoien atmosfera
Legarreta, J. (2011) · EKAIA Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateko Zientzi eta Teknologi Aldizkaria · doi:10.1387/ekaia.6810
Recent Planetary Physics and Chemistry
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Inestabilidades térmicas e hidrodinámicas ligadas a rupturas de simetría en cavidades anulares
Pino, D. (2001) · doi:10.5821/dissertation-2117-93892
“Basándose en estos hechos, Busse (1976) propuso un modelo de convección a escala global para las atmósferas de los planetas mayores.”
BackgroundNUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF ATMOSPHERIC DYNAMICS ON THE GIANT PLANETS
Lian, Y. (2009) · UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)
Brown dwarfs and free-floating planets
Perryman, M. A. C. (2011) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511994852.010
On the multiple jet flows in Jupiter's atmosphere
Liao, X., & Zhang, K. (2002) · Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1016/s0275-1062(02)00098-x
Numerical Simulations of Thermal Convection in Rapidly Rotating Spherical Shell
Nenkov, C., & Peltier, R. (2010) · Journal of Physics Conference Series · doi:10.1088/1742-6596/256/1/012016
“Introduction Understanding how large-scale zonal flows are generated on the Gas Giant planets is a longstanding problem in planetary and geophysical fluid dynamics (Busse [1], Williams [2], Cho and Polvani [3], Peltier and Stuhne [4], Aurnou and Heimpel [5], Glatzmaier et al.”
Turbulent Chaos and Self-Organization in Cosmic Natural Media
Marov, M. Y., & Kolesnichenko, A. V. (2012) · Astrophysics and space science library · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-5155-6_1
Dynamics of the outer planets : 1992 Summer Study Program in Geophysical Fluid Dynamics
Flierl, G. R., Ingersoll, A. P., Yano, J., & DeRemer, B. E. (1992) · Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution eBooks · doi:10.1575/1912/628
Is spontaneous generation of baroclinic flows possiblePreprint
Bakas, N. A., & Ioannou, P. J. (2017) · arXiv (Cornell University)
Fortney, J. J. (2018) · Nature · doi:10.1038/d41586-018-02612-y
A generalized two dimensional quasigeostrophic model of thermal convection
Laycock, T. D. (2015) · ERA: Education and Research Archive (University of Alberta) · doi:10.7939/r3g96k
Is spontaneous generation of coherent baroclinic flows possible?Preprint
Bakas, N. A., & Ioannou, P. J. (2017) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1712.05724
Convective Models of Jupiter’s Zonal Jets with Realistic and Hyper-Energetic Excitation Source
Mayr, H. G., & Chan, K. L. (2019) · International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.4236/ijaa.2019.93021
Davighi, J., Kaspi, Y., Galanti, E., & Hubbard, W. B. (2015) · DPS
Evidence for Multiple Ferrel-Like Cells on Jupiter
Duer, K., Gavriel, N., Galanti, E., Kaspi, Y., Fletcher, L. N., Guillot, T., Bolton, S. J., Levin, S., Atreya, S. K., Grassi, D., et al. (2022) · doi:10.5194/egusphere-egu22-9155
Perryman, M. A. C. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108304160.009
Perryman, M. A. C. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108304160.015
Perryman, M. A. C. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108304160.016
Brown dwarfs and free-floating planets
Perryman, M. A. C. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108304160.010
Perryman, M. A. C. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108304160.004
Perryman, M. A. C. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108304160.013
Perryman, M. A. C. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108304160.007 · Cited by 1
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Perryman, M. A. C. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108304160.001
Perryman, M. A. C. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108304160.002
Perryman, M. A. C. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108304160.003
Perryman, M. A. C. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108304160.014
Perryman, M. A. C. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108304160.019
Perryman, M. A. C. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108304160.012
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(2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108304160.020
Chapter 2 Hydrodynamics of Atmospheres
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Chapter 2 Hydrodynamics of Atmospheres
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Baroclinic Model of Jupiter’s Great Red Spot
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Multiple jets in a rotating annulus model with an imposed azimuthal magnetic field
Hunter, E., & Teed, R. (2024) · Geophysical & Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics · doi:10.1080/03091929.2024.2375211
Atmospheric Dynamics of Giants and Icy Planets
Sánchez-Lavega, A., & Heimpel, M. H. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-30648-3_51-2
Compressibility approximations in Jovian regimes : a normal mode analysis
Mitchell, R. H. (2009) · Open Research Exeter (University of Exeter)
A new vision on (Extrasolar) Giant Planets Internal Structure and Evolution
Leconte, J. (2011) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/7234e960z12c0z4c89z9f39z71b6047c03f8
“8The zonal flows observed in Jupiter’s atmosphere might indeed reveal the presence of convective rolls at deeper levels, a consequence of the impact of rotation on convective motions, according to the Taylor-Proudman theorem (Busse 1976).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialModélisation atmosphérique d'Uranus et Neptune : circulation et structure thermique
Milcareck, G. (2023) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/c3694e96z4fe5z4d2dz8ee7z21e5bfb4b442
Evolution of convective rolls to zonal flows in horizontally rotating Rayleigh–Bénard convection
Mishra, S., & Pal, A. (2026) · Journal of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1017/jfm.2026.11479
Zeng, Y., Kang, W., Flierl, G. R., & Vallis, G. K. (2026) · The Planetary Science Journal · doi:10.3847/psj/ae6da7 · Cited by 1
“The first considers an atmosphere energized by convection due to intrinsic heating (F. H. Busse 1970, 1976; A. P. Ingersoll & D. Pollard 1982; J. M. Aurnou & P. L. Olson 2001; U. R. Christensen 2001, 2002; J.-I. Yano et al. 2005; M. Heimpel et al. 2005; M. Heimpel & J. Aurnou 2007; J. Aurnou et al.…”
The Dynamics of the Atmosphere of Saturn
Sánchez-Lavega, A. (2026) · doi:10.1093/9780197851500.003.0342
Metadata
- Authors
- Busse, F. H.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Corresponding author
- Busse, F.H.
- ORCID
- Busse, F.H.
- Venue
- Icarus
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1976-10
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 255-260
- ISSN
- 0019-1035 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2074802867
- Cited by
- 278
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 2.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Icarus (publishedVersion)
- ERef Bayreuth (University of Bayreuth) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Space and Planetary Science › Astro and Planetary Science
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Computational Mechanics › Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Keywords
- Jupiter atmosphere, convection, latitudinal structure, internal heating, Boussinesq approximation, eddy viscosity, turbulent flow
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