The DOI matches its Crossref record; 14 of the 14 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Stiffness of compact bone: Effects of porosity and density
Abstract
Stiffness of compact bone is found to be highly and nonlinearly dependent on its porosity, its complement, bone volume fraction and apparent density. Elastic modulus decreases as a power (0.55) of increasing porosity and increases both as a power of increasing bone tissue volume (10.92) and increasing apparent density (7.4). These data indicate that small changes in the amount or density of compact bone tissue exert a more pronounced influence on its stiffness than would similar changes in trabecular bone.
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“Cortical porosity is negatively correlated with Young’s modulus (42), compressive ultimate stress (43), and fracture toughness (44).”
From Bone Mechanical Properties in Healthy and Diseased States (2018) · cites this paper as [42]
Citations
Cites
The compressive behavior of bone as a two-phase porous structure
Carter, D., & Hayes, W. (1977) · The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/00004623-197759070-00021 · Cited by 2,001
The Elastic Moduli of Heterogeneous Materials
Hashin, Z. (1962) · Journal of Applied Mechanics · doi:10.1115/1.3636446 · Cited by 1,689
The mechanical behaviour of cancellous bone
Gibson, L. J. (1985) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/0021-9290(85)90287-8 · Cited by 932
Mechanical properties of cranial bone
McElhaney, J. H., Fogle, J. L., Melvin, J. W., Haynes, R. R., Roberts, V. L., & Alem, N. M. (1970) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/0021-9290(70)90059-x · Cited by 457
Physical properties of trabecular bone
Galante, J. O., Rostoker, W., & Ray, R. D. (1970) · Calcified Tissue International · doi:10.1007/bf02017552 · Cited by 302
Porosity and specific surface of bone.
Martin, R. B. (1984) · PubMed · Cited by 291
Fatigue life of compact bone—II. Effects of microstructure and density
Carter, D. R. P., Hayes, W. C., & Schurman, D. J. (1976) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/0021-9290(76)90006-3 · Cited by 212
Buckling studies of single human trabeculae
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Research works printed but not linked: 3
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- Richardson, 1986, Mechanical behavior of osteoporotic bone — a structural approach, Trans. Orthop. Res. Soc., 11, 462
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Bone Mechanical Properties in Healthy and Diseased States
Morgan, E. F., Unnikrisnan, G. U., & Hussein, A. I. (2018) · Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1146/annurev-bioeng-062117-121139 · Cited by 1,026
“Cortical porosity is negatively correlated with Young’s modulus (42), compressive ultimate stress (43), and fracture toughness (44).”
Zysset, P. K., Guo, X.-D. E., Hoffler, C. E., Moore, K. E., & Goldstein, S. A. (1999) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/s0021-9290(99)00111-6 · Cited by 1,001
Relations of mechanical properties to density and CT numbers in human bone
Rho, J. Y., Tho, M. H. B., & ASHMAN, R. B. (1995) · Medical Engineering & Physics · doi:10.1016/1350-4533(95)97314-f · Cited by 825
Cowin, S. C. (1999) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/s0021-9290(98)00161-4 · Cited by 794
Age-related changes in the collagen network and toughness of bone
Wang, X., Shen, X., Li, X., & Agrawal, C. M. (2002) · Bone · doi:10.1016/s8756-3282(01)00697-4 · Cited by 769
Metadata
- Authors
- Schaffler, M. B., & Burr, D. B.
- Affiliations
- West Virginia University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Schaffler, Mitchell B.
- Venue
- Journal of Biomechanics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1988-01
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 13-16
- ISSN
- 0021-9290 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2027469592
- Cited by
- 652
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 36 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 6.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Biomechanics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (2r01am027127-05a1)
- National Center for Research Resources (S07-RR0-443-18)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Elasticity and Material Modeling
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Orthopaedic implants and arthroplasty
- Keywords
- cortical bone, bone stiffness, porosity, bone volume fraction, apparent density, elastic modulus, nonlinear dependence, trabecular bone, bone
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biomechanical Phenomena, Bone and Bones, Cattle, Densitometry, Male, Minerals
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