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The role of subvocalization in auditory imagery.
Abstract
Five experiments explored the utility of subvocal rehearsal, and of an inner-ear/inner-voice partnership, in tasks of auditory imagery. In three tasks (reinterpreting ambiguous auditory images, parsing meaningful letter strings, scanning familiar melodies) subjects relied on a partnership between the inner ear and inner voice, one similar to the phonological loop system described in the short-term memory literature. Apparently subjects subvocally rehearsed the imagery material, which placed the material in a phonological store that allowed the imagery judgement. In a fourth task (distinguishing voiced and unvoiced consonants in imagery), subjects still subvocally rehearsed, but seemed to need no additional phonological store to respond correctly. In this case they may have consulted articulatory or kinesthetic cues instead. In a fifth experiment (making homophone judgements), subjects hardly even needed to subvocally rehearse, a result suggesting that homophone judgements rely on some direct route from print to phonology. We consider the breadth of the partnership between the inner ear and inner voice, the level that subvocal rehearsal occupies in the cognitive system, and the functional neuroanatomy of the phonological loop system.
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“It has been shown to also occur in a covert mode”
From The ConDialInt Model: Condensation, Dialogality, and Intentionality Dimensions of Inner Speech Within a Hierarchical Predictive Control Framework (2019) · cites this paper as Smith et al., 1995
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“In addition, research on covert VTE has indicated that the effect is disrupted during auditory interference, which suggests that auditory processes are engaged during the search for VTE (Smith et al., 1995).”
From The ConDialInt Model: Condensation, Dialogality, and Intentionality Dimensions of Inner Speech Within a Hierarchical Predictive Control Framework (2019) · cites this paper as Smith et al., 1995
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Metadata
- Authors
- Smith, J. D., Wilson, M., & Reisberg, D.
- Affiliations
- State University of New York (US)
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies (US)
- Reed College (US)
- Corresponding author
- Smith, J. David
- Venue
- Neuropsychologia
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1995-11
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1433-1454
- ISSN
- 0028-3932 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2054377252
- Cited by
- 163
- References
- 85
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 59 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 0.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuropsychologia (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Music Perception
- Keywords
- subvocalization, auditory imagery, inner ear, inner speech, phonological loop, phonological store, short-term memory, kinesthetic cues
- MeSH terms
- Acoustic Stimulation, Cognition, Hearing, Humans, Imagination, Ear, Inner, Language, Memory, Short-Term, Mental Processes, Music, Speech
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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