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The Delphi method: Substance, context, a critique and an annotated bibliography
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“Our Delphi-type methods involved 14 individuals, an appropriate number for these methods, 51 but a number that makes the choice of participants important.”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Pill, J.
- Affiliations
- Case Western Reserve University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Pill, Juri
- Venue
- Socio-Economic Planning Sciences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1971-02
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 57-71
- ISSN
- 0038-0121 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1968468300
- Cited by
- 579
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 26.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- commons.case.edu
- Licence
- public-domain
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- Locations
- Socio-Economic Planning Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Scholarly Commons @ Case Western Reserve University (submittedVersion, public-domain)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Delphi Technique in Research
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Multi-Criteria Decision Making
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Reliability and Agreement in Measurement
- Keywords
- Delphi method, consensus building, expert panel, subjective scaling, uncertainty, historical development, evaluation methodology, annotated bibliography
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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