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Cited by 3Adrenal Hormones and DisordersHormonal Regulation and HypertensionStress Responses and Cortisol

Corticosteroids in human blood: IX. Evidence for adrenal secretion of sulfate-conjugated cortisol, 11β,17α-dihydroxy-4-pregnene-3,20-dione-21-yl-sulfate

Kornel, Ludwig, Patel, Suresh K., Ezzeraimi, Ezeroug, Shackleton, Cedric H.L.·1995·Steroids
DOI 10.1016/0039-128x(95)00141-c
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Abstract

A method was developed for the estimation of levels of cortisol-21-sulfate (F KS), cortisone-21-sulfate (ES), and 20(alpha + beta)-reduced cortisol-21-sulfates in blood plasma. Levels of these conjugates were determined in peripheral vein plasma of 42 normal subjects, 21 men, and 21 women (age range 20-64 years) and in adrenal vein plasma of patients with various adrenocortical disorders, six patients with primary hyperaldosteronism, five patients with Cushing's syndrome, and in two obese patients, suspected to have Cushing's syndrome, but with inconclusive laboratory findings. Adrenal vein blood was obtained by percutaneous, trans-femoral adrenal vein catheterization. Levels of non-conjugated (free) cortisol were determined in all plasma samples along with those of the sulfated steroids. F kappa S was found in all plasma samples, both in men and women. The variation in F kappa S levels paralleled that in the free cortisol levels, thus the ratio of F kappa/F kappa S was the same in the blood samples drawn at 8 AM as in those drawn at 4 PM or 5 PM (ranges: 17.5-36.3 in men, 23.6-45.8 in women). The levels of F kappa S were relatively lower in women than in men (women 610-880 ng/100 mL at AM, 300-510 ng/100 mL at PM; men: 760-1,220 ng/100 mL at AM, 380-760 ng/100 mL at PM). Plasma levels of total sulfate-conjugated delta 4-3-keto-C-21 steroids (F kappa S + E kappa S + 20(alpha+beta)-dihydrocortisol-21-sulfates) were 30-40% higher than those of the levels of cortisol-21-sulfate alone (separated by thin-layer chromatography). In the adrenal vein plasma, levels of delta 4-3-keto-C-21-steroid-21-yl sulfates were 20 to 40 times higher than levels of these steroids in the peripheral blood. The bulk of the steroid sulfate measured in the adrenal vein plasma consisted of cortisol-21-sulfate. The ratio of F kappa/F kappa S in the adrenal vein plasma was markedly smaller than in the peripheral vein plasma; it was 6.9-12.3 in males and 4.9-6.7 in females, whereas in the peripheral vein of the same subjects it was 19.2-43.7 in males and 21.4-48.3 in females. Cortisol-21-sulfate isolated from adrenal vein plasma was identified by mass spectrometry. The data presented provide evidence for the secretion of this conjugate by the adrenal cortex. Its secretion appears to be markedly elevated in patients with Cushing's syndrome, both due to hyperplasia and due to adrenal adenoma, as compared with normal subjects and patients with primary aldosteronism, both males and females. However, the F kappa/F kappa S ratio was markedly lower in Cushing's patients due to adrenal adenoma than due to adrenal hyperplasia, this suggesting that ACTH is stimulating intra-adrenal hydrolysis of cortisol sulfate.

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Authors
Kornel, L., Patel, S. K., Ezzeraimi, E., & Shackleton, C. H. L.
Affiliations
Rush University Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author
Kornel, Ludwig
ORCID
Patel, Suresh K.
Venue
Steroids
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1995-12
Volume
60
Issue
12
Pages
817-823
ISSN
0039-128X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/0039-128x(95)00141-c
OpenAlex
W2055347789
Cited by
3
References
25
Citations by year
2019: 1
FWCI
0.26
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Steroids (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5r01dk034400-10, 1s10rr006505-01)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK-34400)
  • National Center for Research Resources (RR06505)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Keywords
adrenal steroid secretion, free cortisol, adrenal disorders, primary aldosteronism, Cushing's syndrome
MeSH terms
Adrenal Cortex Diseases, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Adrenal Glands, Adult, Cushing Syndrome, Female, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Hyperaldosteronism, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Reference Values, Sex Characteristics, Veins

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