The effects of prenatal nicotine on radial-arm maze performance in rats
Abstract
Studies have revealed lasting cognitive impairments, including deficits in attention and learning, in the offspring of women who smoke. Animal models have shown that prenatal nicotine can induce behavioral impairments, including deficits in learning and memory, and one study showed that only females were impaired on a maze task. The purpose of the present experiment was two-fold: 1) to attempt to replicate the reported sex difference in maze learning and 2) to assess the ability of nicotine-treated subjects to learn a maze that placed particularly heavy demands on their attentional capabilities. Pregnant mothers were given 6.0 mg/kg/day of nicotine in their drinking water. Offspring of both sexes were tested following weaning in an 8-arm-radial maze using a confinement procedure. Results showed that prenatal nicotine treatment produced significant impairments in performance in the radial-arm maze. These impairments were seen in animals of both sexes, a finding which challenges the view that only females prenatally treated with nicotine show deficits in maze learning.
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Animal studies of prenatal nicotine exposure and cognitive development are more consistent, suggesting global learning and memory impairments.
“there is greater consistency among animal studies examining the effects of prenatal nicotine exposure on cognitive development, suggestive of global impairments in learning and memory.”
From Developmental toxicity of nicotine: A transdisciplinary synthesis and implications for emerging tobacco products (2017) · cites this paper as [186]
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Effects of pre-and neonatal nicotine exposure in rodents: inconsistent evidence
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Genome-wide epigenetic signatures of childhood adversity in early life: Opportunities and challenges
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Pedunculopontine arousal system physiology—Effects of psychostimulant abuse
Urbano, F. J., Bisagno, V., González, B., Rivero‐Echeto, M. C., Muñiz, J. A., Luster, B. R., D’Onofrio, S., Mahaffey, S., & García‐Rill, E. (2015) · Sleep Science · doi:10.1016/j.slsci.2015.09.004 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“attention and memory in maze performance [77,78], learning”
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Detrimental Effects of Prenatal Exposure to Tobacco Smoke and Nicotine
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Roeder, N. M., Penman, S. L., Richardson, B., Wang, J. H., Freeman-Striegel, L., Pareek, O., Eiden, R. D., Chakraborty, S., & Thanos, P. K. (2025) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2025.174102 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Developmental effects of nicotine on cognitive, motivated, and executive behaviors
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children and Adults
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Balsevich, G. (2012) · doi:10.14288/1.0072606
“The Effects of Nicotine Past studies evaluating the effects of pre- and/or perinatal nicotine exposure on spatial learning tasks, namely the Morris water maze and radial arm maze, have reported inconsistent findings (Martin & Becker, 1971; Peters & Ngan, 1982; Sorenson et al., 1991; Yanai et al., 1992; Levin et al., 1…”
BackgroundResult
- Authors
- Sorenson, C. A., Raskin, L. A., & Suh, Y.
- Affiliations
- Amherst College (US)
- Corresponding author
- Raskin, Lisa A.
- Venue
- Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1991-12
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 991-993
- ISSN
- 0091-3057 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2038571313
- Cited by
- 97
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 1.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Keywords
- prenatal nicotine exposure, maternal smoking, radial maze, spatial learning and memory, sex differences, attention deficits, cognitive impairment
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Attention, Cognition, Female, Learning, Male, Maternal-Fetal Exchange, Memory, Nicotine, Pregnancy, Sex Characteristics, Spatial Behavior, Rats
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