Molecular mechanism of retroviral DNA integration

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A short amino acid sequence able to specify nuclear location

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Repetitive zinc‐binding domains in the protein transcription factor IIIA from Xenopus oocytes.

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The Role of Mononuclear Phagocytes in HTLV-III/LAV Infection

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In Vivo Gene Transfer with Retroviral Vector-Producer Cells for Treatment of Experimental Brain Tumors

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GERM-LINE TRANSFORMATION OF MICE

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Enzyme-Catalyzed Phosphoryl Transfer Reactions

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A nuclear localization signal within HIV-1 matrix protein that governs infection of non-dividing cells

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Infection of monocyte/macrophages by human T lymphotropic virus type III.

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HIV-1 DNA integration: Mechanism of viral DNA cleavage and DNA strand transfer

Engelman, A., Mizuuchi, K., & Craigie, R. (1991) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(91)90297-c · Cited by 655 · see citing works

Correction of the cystic fibrosis defect in vitro by retrovirus-mediated gene transfer

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Crystal structure of the ribonuclease H domain of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase

Davies, J. F., Hostomska, Z., Hostomsky, Z., Jordan, S. R., & Matthews, D. A. (1991) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1707186 · Cited by 570 · see citing works

Residues Critical for Retroviral Integrative Recombination in a Region That Is Highly Conserved among Retroviral/Retrotransposon Integrases and Bacterial Insertion Sequence Transposases

Kulkosky, J., Jones, K. S., Katz, R. A., Mack, J. P. G., & Skalka, A. M. (1992) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.12.5.2331 · Cited by 567 · see citing works

Human immunodeficiency virus infection of cells arrested in the cell cycle.

Lewis, P. F., Hensel, M., & Emerman, M. (1992) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05376.x · Cited by 527 · see citing works

Identification of conserved amino acid residues critical for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase function in vitro

Engelman, A., & Craigie, R. (1992) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.66.11.6361-6369.1992 · Cited by 519 · see citing works

Computer analysis of retroviral pol genes: assignment of enzymatic functions to specific sequences and homologies with nonviral enzymes

Johnson, M. S., McClure, M. A., Feng, D. F., Gray, J., & Doolittle, R. F. (1986) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.83.20.7648 · Cited by 480 · see citing works

Structure of ribonuclease H phased at 2 a resolution by MAD analysis of the selenomethionyl protein

Yang, W., Hendrickson, W. A., Crouch, R. J., & Satow, Y. (1990) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2169648 · Cited by 473 · see citing works

Tat Protein from Human Immunodeficiency Virus Forms a Metal-Linked Dimer

Frankel, A. D., Bredt, D. S., & Pabo, C. O. (1988) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2832944 · Cited by 460 · see citing works

Correct integration of retroviral DNA in vitro

Brown, P. O., Bowerman, B. A., VARMUS, H. E., & Bishop, J. M. (1987) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(87)90287-x · Cited by 460 · see citing works

The IN protein of Moloney murine leukemia virus processes the viral DNA ends and accomplishes their integration in vitro

Craigie, R., Fujiwara, T., & Bushman, F. (1990) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90126-y · Cited by 409 · see citing works

Retroviral integration: structure of the initial covalent product and its precursor, and a role for the viral IN protein

Brown, P. O., Bowerman, B., Varmus, H. E., & Bishop, J. M. (1989) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.86.8.2525 · Cited by 399 · see citing works

Retroviral DNA integration: structure of an integration intermediate

Fujiwara, T., & Mizuuchi, K. (1988) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(88)90071-2 · Cited by 385 · see citing works

Reversal of Integration and DNA Splicing Mediated by Integrase of Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Chow, S. A., Vincent, K. A., Ellison, V., & Brown, P. O. (1992) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1738845 · Cited by 379 · see citing works

A nucleoprotein complex mediates the integration of retroviral DNA.Preprint

Bowerman, B. A., Brown, P. O., Bishop, J. M., & Varmus, H. E. (1989) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.3.4.469 · Cited by 378 · see citing works

Productive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection of nonproliferating human monocytes.

Weinberg, J. B., Matthews, T. J., Cullen, B. R., & Malim, M. H. (1991) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.174.6.1477 · Cited by 357 · see citing works

Identification of discrete functional domains of HIV‐1 integrase and their organization within an active multimeric complex.

Engelman, A., Bushman, F. D., & Craigie, R. (1993) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1993.tb05996.x · Cited by 350 · see citing works

Domains of the integrase protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 responsible for polynucleotidyl transfer and zinc binding.

Bushman, F. D., Engelman, A., Palmer, I. W., Wingfield, P. T., & Craigie, R. (1993) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.90.8.3428 · Cited by 349 · see citing works

The avian retroviral IN protein is both necessary and sufficient for integrative recombination in vitro

Katz, R. A., Merkel, G., Kulkosky, J., Leis, J., & Skalka, A. M. (1990) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90290-u · Cited by 346 · see citing works

Human immunodeficiency virus integration protein expressed in Escherichia coli possesses selective DNA cleaving activity.

Sherman, P. A., & Fyfe, J. A. (1990) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.87.13.5119 · Cited by 334 · see citing works

The avian retroviral integration protein cleaves the terminal sequences of linear viral DNA at the in vivo sites of integration

Katzman, M., Katz, R. A., Skalka, A. M., & Leis, J. (1989) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.63.12.5319-5327.1989 · Cited by 311 · see citing works

Determination of viral proteins present in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 preintegration complex

Farnet, C. M., & Haseltine, W. A. (1991) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.65.4.1910-1915.1991 · Cited by 308 · see citing works

Retroviral integrase domains: DNA binding and the recognition of LTR sequences

Khan, E., Mack, J. P. G., Katz, R. A., Kulkosky, J., & Skalka, A. M. (1991) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/19.4.851 · Cited by 287 · see citing works

The 3′‐5′ exonuclease of DNA polymerase I of Escherichia coli: contribution of each amino acid at the active site to the reaction.

Derbyshire, V., Grindley, N. D. F., & Joyce, C. M. (1991) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1991.tb07916.x · Cited by 278 · see citing works

Inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus integrase.

Fesen, M. R., Kohn, K. W., Leteurtre, F., & Pommier, Y. G. (1993) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.90.6.2399 · Cited by 277 · see citing works

Mutational analysis of the conserved basic domain of human immunodeficiency virus tat protein

Hauber, J., Malim, M. H., & Cullen, B. R. (1989) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.63.3.1181-1187.1989 · Cited by 274 · see citing works

Structure of the termini of DNA intermediates in the integration of retroviral DNA: dependence on IN function and terminal DNA sequence

Roth, M. J., Schwartzberg, P. L., & Goff, S. P. (1989) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(89)90401-7 · Cited by 263 · see citing works

Identification of the catalytic and DNA-binding region of the human immunodeficiency virus type I integrase protein

Vink, C., Groeneger, A. A. M. O., & Plasterk, R. H. A. (1993) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/21.6.1419 · Cited by 263 · see citing works

Integration of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 DNA in vitro.

Farnet, C. M., & Haseltine, W. A. (1990) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.87.11.4164 · Cited by 261 · see citing works

Highly preferred targets for retrovirus integration

Shih, C.-C., Stoye, J. P., & Coffin, J. M. (1988) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(88)90569-7 · Cited by 259 · see citing works

Requirement of active human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase enzyme for productive infection of human T-lymphoid cells

LaFemina, R. L., Schneider, C. L., Robbins, H. L., Callahan, P. L., LeGrow, K., Roth, E., Schleif, W. A., & Emini, E. A. (1992) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.66.12.7414-7419.1992 · Cited by 257 · see citing works

Retrovirus integration and chromatin structure: Moloney murine leukemia proviral integration sites map near DNase I-hypersensitive sites

Rohdewohld, H., Weiher, H., Reik, W., Jaenisch, R., & Breindl, M. (1987) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.61.2.336-343.1987 · Cited by 243 · see citing works

Complementation between HIV integrase proteins mutated in different domains.

van Gent, D. C., Vink, C., Groeneger, A. A. M. O., & Plasterk, R. H. A. (1993) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1993.tb05995.x · Cited by 230 · see citing works

GENETICS OF RETROVIRAL INTEGRATION

Goff, S. P. (1992) · Annual Review of Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev.ge.26.120192.002523 · Cited by 224 · see citing works

Cellular functions are required for the synthesis and integration of avian sarcoma virus-specific DNA

VARMUS, H. E., Padgett, T., Heasley, S., Simon, G., & Bishop, J. M. (1977) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(77)90047-2 · Cited by 213 · see citing works

Transcriptionally active genome regions are preferred targets for retrovirus integration

Scherdin, U., Rhodes, K., & Breindl, M. (1990) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.64.2.907-912.1990 · Cited by 210 · see citing works

Cellular factors couple recombination with growth phase: Characterization of a new component in the λ site-specific recombination pathway

Thompson, J. F., de Vargas, L. M., Koch, C., Kahmann, R., & Landy, A. (1987) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(87)90516-2 · Cited by 209 · see citing works

Acceptor sites for retroviral integrations map near DNase I-hypersensitive sites in chromatin

Vijaya, S., Steffen, D. L., & Robinson, H. L. (1986) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.60.2.683-692.1986 · Cited by 208 · see citing works

Integration is not necessary for expression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protein products

Stevenson, M., Haggerty, S., Lamonica, C. A., Meier, C. M., Welch, S. K., & Wasiak, A. (1990) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.64.5.2421-2425.1990 · Cited by 206 · see citing works

Identification of amino acid residues critical for endonuclease and integration activities of HIV-1 IN protein in Vitro

Drelich, M., Wilhelm, R., & Mous, J. (1992) · Virology · doi:10.1016/0042-6822(92)90499-f · Cited by 206 · see citing works

Mutational analysis of the integrase protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 2.

van Gent, D. C., Groeneger, A. A. M. O., & Plasterk, R. H. A. (1992) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.89.20.9598 · Cited by 204 · see citing works

Site-directed mutagenesis of HIV-1 integrase demonstrates differential effects on integrase functions in vitro.

Leavitt, A. D., Shiue, L., & VARMUS, H. E. (1993) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)53969-7 · Cited by 200 · see citing works

Integration is essential for efficient gene expression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1

Sakai, H., Kawamura, M., Sakuragi, J.-I., Sakuragi, S., Shibata, R., Ishimoto, A., Ono, N., Ueda, S., & Adachi, A. (1993) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.67.3.1169-1174.1993 · Cited by 199 · see citing works

Functional similarities between retroviruses and the IS 3 family of bacterial insertion sequences?

Fayet, O., Ramond, P., Polard, P., Prère, M. F., & Chandler, M. (1990) · Molecular Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1990.tb00555.x · Cited by 199 · see citing works

Sequence and spacing requirements of a retrovirus integration site

Colicelli, J., & Goff, S. P. (1988) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/0022-2836(88)90378-6 · Cited by 198 · see citing works

The terminal nucleotides of retrovirus DNA are required for integration but not virus production

Panganiban, A. T., & Temin, H. M. (1983) · Nature · doi:10.1038/306155a0 · Cited by 187 · see citing works

Characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase expressed in Escherichia coli and analysis of variants with amino-terminal mutations

Vincent, K. A., Ellison, V., Chow, S. A., & Brown, P. O. (1993) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.67.1.425-437.1993 · Cited by 183 · see citing works

Human immunodeficiency virus integrase protein requires a subterminal position of its viral DNA recognition sequence for efficient cleavage

Vink, C., van Gent, D. C., Elgersma, Y., & Plasterk, R. H. A. (1991) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.65.9.4636-4644.1991 · Cited by 181 · see citing works

A 32,000-Dalton nucleic acid-binding protein from avian retravirus cores possesses DNA endonuclease activity

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Tumor progression locus 2 (Tpl-2) encodes a protein kinase involved in the progression of rodent T-cell lymphomas and in T-cell activation.

Patriotis, C., Makris, A. M., Bear, S. E., & Tsichlis, P. N. (1993) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.90.6.2251 · Cited by 172 · see citing works

Structural implications of spectroscopic characterization of a putative zinc finger peptide from HIV-1 integrase.

Burke, C. J., Sanyal, G., Bruner, M. W., Ryan, J. A., LaFemina, R. L., Robbins, H. L., Zeft, A. S., Middaugh, C. R., & Cordingley, M. G. (1992) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)50138-7 · Cited by 171 · see citing works

Proviruses are adjacent to c-myc in some murine leukemia virus-induced lymphomas.

Steffen, D. L. (1984) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.81.7.2097 · Cited by 169 · see citing works

Integration of Retroviral DNA

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Retroviral integration into minichromosomes in vitro.

Pryciak, P. M., Sil, A., & VARMUS, H. E. (1992) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05052.x · Cited by 159 · see citing works

Polynucleotidyl transfer reactions in transpositional DNA recombination.

Mizuuchi, K. (1992) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)36600-1 · Cited by 155 · see citing works

Substrate specificity of recombinant human immunodeficiency virus integrase protein

LaFemina, R. L., Callahan, P. L., & Cordingley, M. G. (1991) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.65.10.5624-5630.1991 · Cited by 155 · see citing works

Identification and characterization of intragenic sequences which repress human immunodeficiency virus structural gene expression

Cochrane, A., Jones, K. S., Beidas, S., Dillon, P., Skalka, A. M., & Rosen, C. A. (1991) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.65.10.5305-5313.1991 · Cited by 152 · see citing works

Circularization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 DNA in vitro

Farnet, C. M., & Haseltine, W. A. (1991) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.65.12.6942-6952.1991 · Cited by 148 · see citing works

Retroviral integrase functions as a multimer and can turn over catalytically.

Jones, K. S., Coleman, J., Merkel, G. W., Laue, T. M., & Skalka, A. M. (1992) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)41960-6 · Cited by 147 · see citing works

Circles with two tandem LTRs are precursors to integrated retrovirus DNA

Panganiban, A. T., & Temin, H. M. (1984) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(84)90347-7 · Cited by 138 · see citing works

Retroviruses and insertional mutagenesis in mice: proviral integration at the Mov 34 locus leads to early embryonic death.Preprint

Soriano, P. M., Gridley, T., & Jaenisch, R. (1987) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.1.4.366 · Cited by 133 · see citing works

Site-specific hydrolysis and alcoholysis of human immunodeficiency virus DNa termini mediated by the viral integrase protein

Vink, C., Yeheskiely, E., van der MAREL, G. A., BOOM, J. H. V., & Plasterk, R. H. A. (1991) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/19.24.6691 · Cited by 129 · see citing works

Both substrate and target oligonucleotide sequences affect in vitro integration mediated by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase protein produced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Leavitt, A. D., Rose, R. B., & Varmus, H. E. (1992) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.66.4.2359-2368.1992 · Cited by 126 · see citing works

Integration of mini-retroviral DNA: a cell-free reaction for biochemical analysis of retroviral integration

Fujiwara, T., & Craigie, R. (1989) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.86.9.3065 · Cited by 109 · see citing works

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integration protein: DNA sequence requirements for cleaving and joining reactions

Sherman, P. A., Dickson, M. L., & Fyfe, J. A. (1992) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.66.6.3593-3601.1992 · Cited by 107 · see citing works

Unraveling retrovirus integration

Grandgenett, D. P., & Mumm, S. R. (1990) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90707-l · Cited by 95 · see citing works

Localization of DNA Binding Activity of HIV-1 Integrase to the C-Terminal Half of the Protein

Woerner, A. M., Klutch, M. J., Levin, J. G., & Marcus-Sekura, C. J. (1992) · AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses · doi:10.1089/aid.1992.8.297 · Cited by 86 · see citing works

Sequence requirements for integration of Moloney murine leukemia virus DNA in vitro

Bushman, F. D., & Craigie, R. (1990) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.64.11.5645-5648.1990 · Cited by 81 · see citing works

Two bases are deleted from the termini of HIV-1 linear DNA during integrative recombination

Pauza, C. D. (1990) · Virology · doi:10.1016/0042-6822(90)90161-j · Cited by 78 · see citing works

Light Inactivation of Focus Formation by Chicken Embryo Fibroblasts infected with Avian Sarcoma Virus in the Presence of 5-Bromodeoxyuridine

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Avian sarcoma and leukosis virus pol-endonuclease recognition of the tandem long terminal repeat junction: minimum site required for cleavage is also required for viral growth

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Efficient autointegration of avian retrovirus DNA in vitro

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Slow virus visna: reproduction in vitro of virus from extrachromosomal DNA.

Harris, J. D., Blum, H. E., Scott, J., Traynor, B., Ventura, P., & Haase, A. T. (1984) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.81.22.7212 · Cited by 59 · see citing works

FLP recombinase is an enzyme.

Gates, C. A., & Cox, M. M. (1988) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.85.13.4628 · Cited by 46 · see citing works

A covalent complex between retroviral integrase and nicked substrate DNA.

Katzman, M., Mack, J. P. G., Skalka, A. M., & Leis, J. P. (1991) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.88.11.4695 · Cited by 46 · see citing works

Requirement for a conserved serine in both processing and joining activities of retroviral integrase.

Katz, R. A., Mack, J. P. G., Merkel, G., Kulkosky, J., Ge, Z., Leis, J. P., & Skalka, A. M. (1992) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.89.15.6741 · Cited by 32 · see citing works

Role of homology in site-specific recombination of bacteriophage lambda: evidence against joining of cohesive ends.

Nash, H. A., Bauer, C. E., & Gardner, J. F. (1987) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.84.12.4049 · Cited by 31 · see citing works

Effect of aphidicolin on avian sarcoma virus replication

Hsu, T. W., & Taylor, J. M. (1982) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.44.2.493-498.1982 · Cited by 28 · see citing works

Rapid solution assays for retroviral integration reactions and their use in kinetic analyses of wild-type and mutant Rous sarcoma virus integrases.

Müller, B., Jones, K. S., Merkel, G. W., & Skalka, A. M. (1993) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.90.24.11633 · Cited by 26 · see citing works

Retroviral DNA integration: lessons for transposon shuffling

Skalka, A. M. (1993) · Gene · doi:10.1016/0378-1119(93)90063-9 · Cited by 26 · see citing works

Integration of human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 DNA in vitro by cytoplasmic extracts of Moloney murine leukemia virus-infected mouse NIH 3T3 cells

Vink, C., van Gent, D. C., & Plasterk, R. H. A. (1990) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.64.10.5219-5222.1990 · Cited by 23 · see citing works

Integration of retroviral DNA into the genome of the infected cell.

Goff, S. P. (1990) · PubMed · Cited by 23 · see citing works

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 DNA integration: fine structure target analysis using synthetic oligonucleotides

Hong, T., Murphy, E., Groarke, J. M., & Drlica, K. (1993) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.67.2.1127-1131.1993 · Cited by 19 · see citing works

Avian sarcoma-leukosis virus pol-endo proteins expressed independently in mammalian cells accumulate in the nucleus but can be directed to other cellular compartments

Morris-Vasios, C., Kochan, J. P., & Skalka, A. M. (1988) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.62.1.349-353.1988 · Cited by 19 · see citing works

The sequence of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 circle junction suggests that integration protein cleaves the ends of linear DNA asymmetrically

Whitcomb, J. M., & Hughes, S. H. (1991) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.65.7.3906-3910.1991 · Cited by 18 · see citing works

Retrovirus integrase: identification of a potential leucine zipper motif

Lin, T., & Grandgenett, D. P. (1991) · Protein Engineering Design and Selection · doi:10.1093/protein/4.4.435 · Cited by 17 · see citing works

Retroviral Insertion and Oncogene Activation

Kung, H., & Vogt, P. K. (1991) · Current topics in microbiology and immunology · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-76524-7 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

Characterization of a stable eukaryotic cell line expressing the rous sarcoma virus integrase

Mumm, S. R., Hippenmeyer, P. J., & Grandgenett, D. P. (1992) · Virology · doi:10.1016/0042-6822(92)90574-9 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Analyses of HIV Integration Components

Jones, K. S., Kulkosky, J., & Skalka, A. M. (1991) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-5928-9_2 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Mutations of acidic residues in RAG1 define the active site of the V(D)J recombinase

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