The DOI matches its Crossref record; 22 of the 22 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The role of olfactory bulb norepinephrine in early olfactory learning
Abstract
Wistar rat pups were implanted with bilateral olfactory bulb cannulas on postnatal day 5 (PN5). On PN6, pups were trained in an olfactory classical conditioning task with peppermint odor as the CS and tactile stimulation/stroking as the UCS. Pups were randomly assigned to either PAIRED, BACKWARD or ODOR-only conditions. Half the pups in each group received intrabulbar infusions of 100 microM propranolol and half received intrabulbar infusions of saline during the training session. Propranolol infusions blocked acquisition of the learned odor preference expressed by PAIRED saline-infused pups. Diffusion of the infusate was checked in additional pups by infusing [3H]NE and performing LSC analysis. Infusate concentration did not significantly differ between the anterior and posterior halves of the bulb, but were sharply lower in the olfactory peduncle and more posterior areas. The results suggest that olfactory bulb NE is critical for early olfactory learning.
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“During the first ten days of life, the learning process for new maternal odors in rat pups occurs through a relatively simple neurobiological substrate. At this early age, learning-associated plasticity occurs within the olfactory bulb, the first relay station for olfactory processing. This process requires that an odor is paired with copious amounts of NE (Sullivan et al., 2000b, Sullivan et al.,”
From Early life adversity during the infant sensitive period for attachment: Programming of behavioral neurobiology of threat processing and social behavior (2017) · cites this paper as Sullivan et al., 1992
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Cites
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Norepinephrine and learning-induced plasticity in infant rat olfactory system
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Self-citationMcGaugh, J. L. (1983) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.34.020183.001501 · Cited by 259
Central gating of developmental plasticity in kitten visual cortex
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Noradrenergic modulation of dendrodendritic inhibition in the olfactory bulb
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Norepinephrine-induced plasticity and one-trial olfactory learning in neonatal rats
Sullivan, R. M., McGaugh, J. L., & Leon, M. (1991) · Developmental Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0165-3806(91)90050-s · Cited by 112
McLean, J. H., & Shipley, M. T. (1991) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.903040310 · Cited by 96
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- McLean, 1992, Serotonin and olfactory learning in the neonatal rat, Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 18, 1201
- Sullivan, 1992, The role of norepinephrine in consolidation of early olfactory memories, Soc. Neurosci. Abtr.
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Deiss, V., & Baudoin, C. (1999) · Comptes Rendus de l Académie des Sciences - Series III - Sciences de la Vie · doi:10.1016/s0764-4469(99)80096-1 · Cited by 7
Boulanger-Bertolus, J., White, A. M., & Dębiec, J. (2017) · Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1007/s40473-017-0112-y · Cited by 7
Oruro, E. M., Pardo, G. V. E., Lucion, A. B., Calcagnotto, M. E., & Idiart, M. (2020) · Learning & Memory · doi:10.1101/lm.052217.120 · Cited by 7
Neurobiology and programming capacity of attachment learning to nurturing and abusive caregivers
Roth, T. L., Barr, G. A., Lewis, M. J., & Sullivan, R. M. (2016) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118931684.ch6 · Cited by 6
Social Regulation of Negative Valence Systems During Development
Hu, S., Packard, K., & Opendak, M. M. (2022) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2021.828685 · Cited by 6
Regulation of neural stem cells by innervating neurons
Dittmann, N. L., Chen, L., & Voronova, A. (2025) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.16287 · Cited by 3
Early development of olfactory circuit function
Maier, J. X., & Zhang, Z. (2023) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2023.1225186 · Cited by 5
Developmental Aspects of Memory Processes
Stylianopoulou, F., & Stamatakis, A. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809324-5.21102-4 · Cited by 2
Developmental Consequences of Trauma on Brain Circuits
Opendak, M. M., & Sullivan, R. M. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190635374.013.12 · Cited by 2
Mizuno, K. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-92271-3_9 · Cited by 1
Elison, J. T., & Sera, M. D. (2018) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119461746.ch2 · Cited by 1
Retention of olfactory memories by newborn infants
Porter, R. H., & Rieser, J. J. (2006) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/0-387-25160-x_33 · Cited by 1
Alwhaibi, R. M. (2015) · Developmental Neurorehabilitation · doi:10.3109/17518423.2014.1002636
The Noradrenergic Basis of Early Olfactory Plasticity
Leon, M. (1994) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-4-431-68355-1_201
Attachment-Based Learning And Bdnf Gene Expression In The Infant Rat Olfactory Bulb
Webb, L. M. (2016) · Library, Museums and Press - UDSpace (University of Delaware)
Temporal Processing In The Amygdalo-Prefronto-Dorsostriatal Network In Rats
Tallot, L. (2015) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/21dbbecbze3bcz4e26z92adz6c438f2bee10
Amedei, A., & Parolini, C. (2026) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2026.1905572
Metadata
- Authors
- Sullivan, R. M., Zyzak, D. R., Skierkowski, P., & Wilson, D. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Oklahoma (US)
- Corresponding author
- Sullivan, R.M.
- Venue
- Developmental Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1992-11
- Volume
- 70
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 279-282
- ISSN
- 0165-3806 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1987713348
- Cited by
- 119
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 3.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Developmental Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (DC00489)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD033402)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Sensory Systems › Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Keywords
- norepinephrine, olfactory bulb, olfactory learning, propranolol, odor preference, postnatal development, olfactory peduncle, tactile stimulation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Animals, Newborn, Conditioning, Classical, Learning, Norepinephrine, Odorants, Olfactory Bulb, Propranolol, Smell, Touch, Rats, Wistar, Rats
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