Recovery from early cortical damage in rats. I. Differential behavioral and anatomical effects of frontal lesions at different ages of neural maturation
Abstract
Rats with complete removal of the cortex anterior to bregma in adulthood (frontal cortex) were compared behaviorally and neuroanatomically to rats with similar removals at 1, 5, or 10 days of age. The age at which animals received the cortical excision made a significant difference with respect to the development of the thalamus and the remaining cortex as well as the behavioral outcome in adulthood. There was a direct relationship between cortical thickness in adulthood and the age at surgery: the earlier the lesion the thinner the cortex. Part of this anatomical effect was acute, and could be observed within 24 h of surgery, but the major reduction in thickness was not observed until adolescence. Behaviorally, the animals were administered several tests including tongue extension, grooming, beam walking, swimming, and a spatial navigation task. Like the cortical measurements, the behavioral measurements showed a clear relationship between age at surgery and behavioral outcome: the earlier the lesion in infancy, the greater the behavioral impairments. Thus, whereas rats with lesions at 10 days of age showed behavioral sparing, relative to adult operates, on every measure, rats with lesions at 5 days of age performed at about the level of adult operates on most tests and rats with lesions at 1 day had more extensive behavioral impairments than all other groups. These results imply that the effects of cortical injury in infancy are tightly correlated with the precise level of neural maturation at the time of lesion.
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Age clearly affects prospects for recovery of executive function after focal injury in rat models; rats recover poorly from lesions made in the first week of life, but lesions made during the second week of life often result in full recovery of executive function in adulthood.
“Age clearly affects prospects for recovery of executive function after focal injury in rat models; rats recover poorly from lesions made in the first week of life, but lesions made during the second week of life—roughly analogous to the first year of life in humans (Kolb and Cioe, 2000)—often results in full recovery of executive function in adulthood”
From Does puberty mark a transition in sensitive periods for plasticity in the associative neocortex? (2017) · cites this paper as Kolb, 1987
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“…showed significant recovery on this task relative to rats in our previous studies with similar removals in the first few days of life or in adulthood (e.g., Kolb, 1987), they were still impaired relative to sham-operated controls, confirming a result that we have found previously (e.g. Kolb, 1987).”
ResultSelf-citationPostnatal maturation of forelimb motor cortex and its impact on behavior in rats
Iwasaki, Y., Fujisawa, Y., 大城直美, Ikutomo, M., Niwa, M., & Muramatsu, K. (2026) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2026.07.028
- Authors
- KOLB, B.
- Affiliations
- University of Lethbridge (CA)
- Corresponding author
- KOLB, B
- ORCID
- KOLB, B
- Venue
- Behavioural Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1987-09
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 205-220
- ISSN
- 0166-4328 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3122025364
- Cited by
- 96
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 1.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Behavioural Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- LOEWE Zentrum AdRIA
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- frontal cortex lesions, age at surgery, neuronal maturation, cortical thickness, thalamus development, behavioral recovery, behavioral impairment, infancy, adolescence, spatial navigation
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