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Cited by 296Memory and Neural MechanismsNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorStress Responses and Cortisol

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 39 of the 40 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Attack and defense in rodents as ethoexperimental models for the study of emotion

Blanchard, Robert J., Blanchard, D.Caroline·1989·Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
DOI 10.1016/0278-5846(89)90105-x
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Abstract

1. In wild and laboratory rats, offense and defense constitute nonoverlapping behavior patterns seen in response to resource or dominance challenge, or, to predatory, conspecific or environmental threat, respectively. 2. Defensive behaviors are determined by both the threat stimulus and the situation. Defense patterns to discrete, approaching, predators or conspecifics and to nondiscrete, potential, threat have several behaviors in common. However, the latter also includes an important risk assessment complex not seen to discrete, present, threat. Behaviorally and functionally, risk assessment shows considerable similarity to the apprehensive expectation and vigilance and scanning components of generalized anxiety reactions. 3. There are parallels between lower mammal offense and human angry aggression in terms of eliciting stimuli, and a variety of experiential factors including inhibition by fear/pain, and reinforcement effects. 4. A variety of neuroanatomical or pharmacological manipulations have different, often opposite, effects on offense and defense. Differentiation of the two and attention to the specific behaviors involved provide a more precise basis for the use of these patterns as animal models of emotion states.

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  1. Blanchard, D. C., Blanchard, R. J. and Rodgers, R. J. Defensive behaviors as a model for testing anxiolytic drugs. In: The Biopsychology of Fear and Defense, P. F. Brain R. J. Blanchard. & S. Parmlgiani. (Eds.), Gordon & Breach, London (in press).

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Metadata

Authors
Blanchard, R. J., & Blanchard, D. C.
Affiliations
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa (US)
ORCID
Blanchard, D.Caroline
Venue
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1989-01
Volume
13
Pages
S3-S14
ISSN
0278-5846 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/0278-5846(89)90105-x
OpenAlex
W1972685191
Cited by
296
References
40
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 5
FWCI
0.24
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAA 06220)
  • National Center for Research Resources (RR01825, RR03061)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Keywords
attack behavior, defensive behavior, emotion models, rats, mice, threat response, risk assessment, generalized anxiety disorder, sustained attention, aggression, fear inhibition, reinforcement, pharmacological manipulation
MeSH terms
Aggression, Animals, Anxiety, Behavior, Animal, Emotions, Fear, Humans, Models, Psychological, Rats

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