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Cited by 69Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsPancreatic function and diabetesDiabetes Treatment and Management

The effect of age on insulin response and glucose utilization during four hyperglycemic plateaus

Elahi, Dariush, Muller, Denis C., McAloon-Dyke, Marianne, Tobin, Jordan D., Andres, Reubin·1993·Experimental Gerontology
DOI 10.1016/0531-5565(93)90066-m
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Abstract

In order to evaluate the potential role of insulin insensitivity as a cause of the glucose (G) intolerance of aging, we performed 230 hyperglycemic clamps, 85 on young (Y, 24 to 39 years), 47 on middle age (M, 40 to 59 years), and 98 on old (O, 60 to 90 years) carefully screened subjects of the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. The 2-h plasma G levels on an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were < 7.8 mmol/l in Y and M and < 10 mmol/l in old; the latter group was further dichotomized at 7.8 mmol/l into a "normal" group, ON, and an impaired group, OI. Four hyperglycemic plateaus were created: 3.0, 5.4, 7.9, and 12.8 mmol/l above basal. Three measures of glucose tolerance--1) G at 2 h after glucose ingestion, 2) glucose utilization, M, at each hyperglycemic plateau, and 3) glucose decay constant, K, obtained at the conclusion of each clamp--showed the best performance in the young group (Y > M = ON > OI). Despite these differences in glucose tolerance, plasma insulin responses (I) during the clamp were not significantly different except that ON < Y at the basal + 12.8 plateau (300 +/- 42 vs. 456 +/- 48 pmol/l, p < 0.01). Insulin-dependent glucose uptake, a measure of tissue sensitivity to insulin, was decreased in the old-impaired group at every plateau except the highest. We conclude that healthy, active older subjects showed moderate intolerance to oral and IV glucose and that the mechanism of this physiological aging process is most likely decreased insulin sensitivity.

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Authors
Elahi, D., Muller, D. C., McAloon-Dyke, M., Tobin, J. D., & Andres, R.
Affiliations
  • Harvard University (US)
  • National Institutes of Health (US)
Corresponding author
Elahi, Dariush
Venue
Experimental Gerontology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1993-07
Volume
28
Issue
4-5
Pages
393-409
ISSN
0531-5565 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/0531-5565(93)90066-m
OpenAlex
W2036250975
Cited by
69
References
46
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 3
FWCI
0.87
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Experimental Gerontology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute on Aging (AG00599, AG-00294)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
Keywords
aging, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, hyperglycemic clamp, glucose utilization, insulin response, oral glucose tolerance test, insulin sensitivity, older adults
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Aging, Analysis of Variance, Blood Glucose, Glucose, Glucose Tolerance Test, Humans, Hyperglycemia, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Islets of Langerhans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Regression Analysis, Time Factors, Glucose Clamp Technique

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