The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Ethnicity, Contact and Communicative Competence in a Second Language11The author is grateful to Dr. R. C. Gardner for his comments on a draft of this paper.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
No references could be resolved yet.
Research works printed but not linked: 19
- Amir, 1969, Contact hypothesis in ethnic relations, Psychological Bulletin, 71, 319, 10.1037/h0027352 · DOI · Paper page
- Bialystok, 1977, Aspects of second language learning in classroom settings, Working Papers on Bilingualism, 13, 1
- Clément, 1977, Inter-ethnic contact: attitudinal consequences, Canadian Journal of Behavioural Sciences, 2, 205, 10.1037/h0081625 · DOI
- Clément, 1977, Motivational variables in second language acquisition: a study of Francophones learning English, Canadian Journal of Behavioural Sciences, 9, 123, 10.1037/h0081614 · DOI
- Comeau, 1969, Acculturation ou assimilation: technique d'analyse et tentative de mesure chez les Franco-ontariens, Canadian Journal of Political Science, 2, 158, 10.1017/S0008423900024860 · DOI
- Cummins, 1976, The influence of bilingualism on cognitive growth: a synthesis of research findings and exploratory hypotheses, Working Papers on Bilingualism, 9, 1
- Cummins, 1978, Educational implications of mother tongue maintenance in minority language groups, The Canadian Modern Language Review, 34, 395, 10.3138/cmlr.34.3.395 · DOI · Paper page
- Cummins, 1979, Bilingualism and educational development in Anglophone and minority Francophone groups in Canada, Interchange, 9, 40, 10.1007/BF01189546 · DOI
- Gardner, 1978, Attitudes and behaviour in second language acquisition: a social psychological interpretation, Canadian Psychological Review, 19, 173, 10.1037/h0081474 · DOI
- Gardner, 1959, Motivational variables in second-language acquisition, Canadian Journal of Psychology, 13, 266, 10.1037/h0083787 · DOI · Paper page
- Gardner, 1976, Second-language learning: a social psychological perspective, The Canadian Modern Language Review, 32, 198, 10.3138/cmlr.32.3.198 · DOI
- Giles, 1977, Social psychology and applied linguistics: towards an integrative approach, ITL: Review of Applied Linguistics, 33, 27, 10.1075/itl.35.02gil · DOI
- Giles, 1977, Dimensions of Welsh identity, European-Journal of Social Psychology, 7, 165, 10.1002/ejsp.2420070205 · DOI
- Lambert, 1978, Cognitive and socio-cultural consequences of bilingualism, The Canadian Modern Language Review, 34, 537, 10.3138/cmlr.34.3.537 · DOI
- Lamy, 1979, Language and ethnolinguistic identity: the bilingualism question, International Journal of Sociology of Language, 20, 23
- Peal, 1962, The relation of bilingualism to intelligence, Psychological Monographs, 76, 546, 10.1037/h0093840 · DOI · Paper page
- Tajfel, 1974, Social identity and intergroup behaviour, Social Science Information, 13, 65, 10.1177/053901847401300204 · DOI · Paper page
- Taylor, 1973, Dimensions of ethnic identity: an example from Québec, Journal of Social Psychology, 89, 185, 10.1080/00224545.1973.9922590 · DOI
- Taylor, 1975, Social interaction in a bilingual setting, Psychologie Canadienne, 16, 240, 10.1037/h0081811 · DOI
Cited by
MACINTYRE, P. D., CLÉMENT, R., DÖRNYEI, Z., & NOELS, K. A. (1998) · The Modern Language Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1540-4781.1998.tb05543.x · Cited by 2,171
Self-citationThe two faces of Janus? Anxiety and enjoyment in the foreign language classroom
Dewaele, J.-M., & MacIntyre, P. D. (2014) · Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching · doi:10.14746/ssllt.2014.4.2.5 · Cited by 1,757
Methods and Results in the Study of Anxiety and Language Learning: A Review of the Literature*
MacIntyre, P. D., & Gardner, R. C. (1991) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/j.1467-1770.1991.tb00677.x · Cited by 856
Individual Differences in Second Language Learning
Dörnyei, Z., & Skehan, P. (2003) · The Handbook of Second Language Acquisition · doi:10.1002/9780470756492.ch18 · Cited by 563
Introducing positive psychology to SLA
Mercer, S., & MacIntyre, P. D. (2014) · Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching · doi:10.14746/ssllt.2014.4.2.2 · Cited by 523
Metadata
- Authors
- Clément, R.
- Venue
- Language
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Published
- 1980
- Pages
- 147-154
- ISSN
- 0097-8507 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2209677232
- Cited by
- 428
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 40.36
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Ethnicity, Contact and Communicative Competence in a Second Language11The author is grateful to Dr. R. C. Gardner for his comments on a draft of this paper. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/b978-0-08-024696-3.50027-2
- The paper
- Clément, R. (1980). Ethnicity, Contact and Communicative Competence in a Second Language11The author is grateful to Dr. R. C. Gardner for his comments on a draft of this paper. Language. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-024696-3.50027-2
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.