Cited by 530Groundwater and Isotope GeochemistryKarst Systems and HydrogeologyIsotope Analysis in Ecology

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Fundamentals of Isotope Geochemistry

Kendall, Carol, Caldwell, Eric A.·1998·Isotope Tracers in Catchment Hydrology

DOI 10.1016/b978-0-444-81546-0.50009-4

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Compilation of stable isotope fractionation factors of geochemical interest
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“mixing • Mixing of different water pools (Kendall and Caldwell, 1998)”
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“Conservative tracers used in hydrologic studies include a variety of injected solutions, as well as natural cations, anions, and isotopes (Kendall and Caldwell, 1998; Herczeg and Edmunds, 2000).”
Background
Stable Isotope Analysis and Applications
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“Samples for stable oxygen isotope analysis were collected in 20-ml scintillation vials containing minimal air space and sealed with Parafilm to curtail evaporative loss and fractionation (Kendall and Caldwell 1998).”
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“The use of isotopes for hydrological research was introduced in the 1960s, mostly along with other methods, to understand recharge and residence times (Sklash 1990; Buttle 1994; Kendall and Caldwell 1998; McDonnell 2003; Vitvar et al. 2005; Kumar 2013).”
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7.9 – Environmental Isotope Applications in Hydrologic Studies
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Mont'alverne, R., Jardine, T., Pereyra, P. R., Oliveira, M., Medeiros, R. S., Sampaio, L., Tesser, M., & Garcia, A. (2016) · doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2016.03.021 · Cited by 36
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Reconstruction of seasonal temperature variability in the tropical Pacific Ocean from the shell of the scallop, Comptopallium radula
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Background
Hydrogeology of the Coconino Plateau and adjacent areas, Coconino and Yavapai Counties, Arizona
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“Water samples were analyzed for tritium, the radioactive isotope of hydrogen, by using a liquid-scintillation counting technique (Kendall and Caldwell, 1998) after preconcentration by an electrolytic-enrichment procedure.”
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“The dO-H2O values were determined using standard methods (Kendall and Caldwell 1998).”
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“Isotopes are ideal tracers of water sources and movement because they are integral constituents of water molecules, not solutes (Kendall and Caldwell,1998).”
Background
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“Stable isotope analysis is based on the natural occurrence of different isotopes of the same element and their differential fractionation during biological processes (Kendall et al. 1995; Kendall and Caldwell 1998).”
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“Water samples for stable oxygen isotope analysis were collected in scintillation vials and sealed with Parafilm® (Bemis Company, Inc., Neenah, WI, USA) to restrict evaporative loss and fractionation (Kendall and Caldwell, 1998).”
Method
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“Net N and O isotope fractionation during NO−3 consumption in the riparian zone was approximated assuming Rayleigh distillation kinetics (Kendall and Caldwell, 1998).”
Method
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“These processes differentially affect water sources contributing to river discharge (Kendall et al. 1995; Kendall and Caldwell 1998).”
Background
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“…should be entirely associated with nitrate uptake and nitrate reduction and be tightly coupled, and in closed batch incubations like ours, the isotopic composition of nitrate should develop according to Rayleigh distillation (Kendall and Caldwell 1998; Granger et al. 2008; Kn€oller et al. 2011).”
Background
Isotopic investigation of river water mixing around the confluence of the Tonle Sap and Mekong rivers
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“The stable isotopes of water (d2H and d18O), which are indicators of ‘‘new’’ and ‘‘old’’ water [Kendall and Caldwell, 1998], are other commonly used conservative tracers.”
Background
Environmental and depositional controls on laminated freshwater carbonates: An example from the Roman aqueduct of Patara, Turkey
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Dunn, S., & Bacon, J. (2008) · doi:10.2166/nh.2008.134 · Cited by 26
“…and d 18O have commonly been used as effective natural tracers of hydrological pathways and transit times within catchments (e.g. Neal & Rosier 1990; Kirchner et al. 2000; Soulsby et al. 2000) because they are non-reactive under typical catchment conditions (Kendall & Caldwell 1998).”
Background
Isotope Hydrograph Separation of Runoff Sources
Buttle, J. (2006) · doi:10.1002/0470848944.hsa120 · Cited by 26
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Nauditt, A., Soulsby, C., Birkel, C., Rusman, A., Schüth, C., Ribbe, L., Alvarez, P., & Kretschmer, N. (2017) · Environmental Monitoring & Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10661-017-6149-2 · Cited by 25
“Such tracers include geochemicals that can establish the provenance of water source areas and isotopes which can additionally indicate the timescales of the runoff response (Kendall and Caldwell 1998; Soulsby et al. 2009; Soulsby et al. 2011).”
Background
Temporal and spatial variation of water stable isotopes (18O and 2H) in the Kaidu River basin, Northwestern China
Wang, Y., Chen, Y.-N., & Li, W.-H. (2014) · doi:10.1002/hyp.9622 · Cited by 25
Back-Trajectory Analysis and Source-Receptor Relationships: Particulate Matter and Nitrogen Isotopic Composition in Rainwater
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PERCHLORATE SOURCES, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYTICAL METHODS
Aziz, C. E., & Hatzinger, P. B. (2008) · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-84921-8_4 · Cited by 25
“These fractionation processes often provide unique isotopic signatures, which are indicative of the origin and/or geochemical behavior of a compound in the environment (Sharp, 2007; Clark and Fritz, 1997; Kendall and Caldwell, 1998 ).”
Background
Hydrogen isotopic compositions along a precipitation gradient of Chinese Loess Plateau: Critical roles of precipitation/evaporation and vegetation change as controls for leaf wax δD
Liu, W.-G., Wang, H.-Y., Leng, Q., Liu, H., Zhang, H., Xing, M., Cao, Y.-N., & Yang, H. (2019) · doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2019.119278 · Cited by 24
Insights from mercury stable isotopes into factors affecting the internal body burden of methylmercury in frequent fish consumers
Li, M., von Stackelberg, K., Rheinberger, C., Hammitt, J., Krabbenhoft, D., Yin, R., & Sunderland, E. (2016) · Elementa Science of the Anthropocene · doi:10.12952/journal.elementa.000103 · Cited by 24
Trophic model of the subtropical headwater stream habitat of Formosan landlocked salmon Oncorhynchus formosanus
Lin, H.-J., Peng, T.-R., Cheng, I., Chen, L.-W., Kuo, M., Tzeng, C.-S., Tsai, S., Yang, J.-T., Wu, S.-H., Sun, Y.-H., et al. (2012) · doi:10.3354/ab00481 · Cited by 24
“Conversely, in the dry season, instead of rainfall, NO3− flowing into the stream was leached mainly from nearby soils, the δ15N values of which were about 2 to 5‰ (Kendall & Caldwell 1998).”
Background
Spatio-temporal variation of stable isotopes of river waters, water source identification and water security in the Heishui Valley (China) during the dry-season
Liu, Y., An, S., Xu, Z., Fan, N., Cui, J., Wang, Z., Liu, S., Pan, J., & Lin, G. (2008) · Hydrogeology Journal · doi:10.1007/s10040-007-0260-3 · Cited by 22
Systematics of smectite hydrogen-isotope composition: Structural hydrogen versus adsorbed water
Kanik, N. J., Longstaffe, F., Kuligiewicz, A., & Derkowski, A. (2022) · Applied Clay Science · doi:10.1016/j.clay.2021.106338 · Cited by 23
Source water contributions and hydrologic responses to simulated emerald ash borer infestations in depressional black ash wetlands
Grinsven, M. V. V., Shannon, J., Davis, J. C., Bolton, N. W., Wagenbrenner, J., Kolka, R., & Pypker, T. G. (2017) · Ecohydrology · doi:10.1002/eco.1862 · Cited by 23
“The stable isotopic composition of the sample was reported as delta (δ) per mill (‰) relative to the Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water standard and the stable isotopic composition (Kendall & Caldwell, 1998).”
Method
Evaluation of nitrogen sources in the Urías lagoon system, Gulf of California, based on stable isotopes in macroalgae
Izaguirre, M., & Soto-Jiménez, M. (2014) · doi:10.7773/cm.v39i4.2285 · Cited by 23
Evaluation of δD and δ18O as natural markers of invertebrate source environment and dispersal in the middle Mississippi River‐floodplain ecosystem
Myers, D. J., Whitledge, G., & Whiles, M. (2012) · doi:10.1002/rra.1444 · Cited by 23
Measurement of debris mass changes and assessment of the dam-break flood potential of earthquake-triggered Hattian landslide dam
Sattar, A., Konagai, K., Kiyota, T., Ikeda, T., & Johansson, J. (2011) · doi:10.1007/s10346-010-0241-9 · Cited by 23
Influence of velocity and chlorophyll standing stock on periphyton δ13C and δ15N in the Ste. Marguerite River system, Quebec
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“2‰, which is small relative to the range of values found in nature (Kendall and Caldwell 1998).”
BackgroundInfluential
Interactions of dissolved CO2 with cadmium isotopes in the Southern Ocean
de Baar, H., van Heuven, S., Abouchami, W., Xue, Z., Galer, S., Rehkämper, M., Middag, R., & van Ooijen, J. V. (2017) · doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2017.06.010 · Cited by 22
“Th is is m ea n of 50 m sa m pl es of ne ig hb ou ri ng st at io ns 12 4 an d 12 7 (2 32 0 an d 23 22 re sp ec ti ve ly ). isotope effects and (ii) kinetic isotope effects, may in general cause isotope fractionation (Kendall and Caldwell, 1998).”
Background
Stable bromine isotopic composition of methyl bromide released from plant matter
Horst, A., Holmstrand, H., Andersson, P., Thornton, B. F., Wishkerman, A., Keppler, F., & Gustafsson, Ö. (2013) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.gca.2013.10.016 · Cited by 32
“This equation is commonly used to investigate the partitioning behavior of isotopes between a substrate and a product reservoir as one reservoir decreases in size (Kendall and Caldwell, 1998).”
Method
Forests, Water and People in the Humid Tropics: Isotope tracers in catchment hydrology in the humid tropics
Buttle, J., & McDonnell, J. (2005) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535666.040 · Cited by 22
Responses of plant water uptake to groundwater depth in limestone outcrops
Deng, Y., Ke, J., Wu, S., Jiang, G., Jiang, Z.-C., & Zhu, A. (2020) · doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125377 · Cited by 21
Hydrogeological responses in tropical mountainous springs
Salas-Navarro, J., Sánchez-Murillo, R., Esquivel-Hernández, G., & Corrales-Salazar, J. (2018) · Isotopes in environmental and health studies · doi:10.1080/10256016.2018.1546701 · Cited by 21
Isotope geochemistry tracks the maturation of submarine massive sulfide mounds (Iberian Pyrite Belt)
Velasco-Acebes, J., Tornos, F., Kidane, A. T., Wiedenbeck, M., Velasco, F., & Delgado‐Huertas, A. (2018) · Mineralium Deposita · doi:10.1007/s00126-018-0853-x · Cited by 34
“Stable and radiogenic isotopes are powerful tracers of geochemical processes on Earth and can help to elucidate how ore forming events work (e.g., Faure 1986; Ohmoto 1986; Kendall and Caldwell 1998; Dickin 2005; Jørgensen 2006; Hoefs 2009; Greenwood et al. 2013).”
Background
Residential Mobility and Dental Decoration in Early Medieval Spain: Results from the Eighth Century Site of Plaza del Castillo, Pamplona
Prevedorou, E., Bonilla, M., Romero, A., Buikstra, J., Ibañéz, M. P. D. M., & Knudson, K. (2018) · Dental Anthropology Journal · doi:10.26575/daj.v23i2.74 · Cited by 21
Nitrogen isotopes provide clues to amino acid metabolism in human colorectal cancer cells
Krishnamurthy, R., Suryawanshi, Y., & Essani, K. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-02793-y · Cited by 21
Advances in Isotopic Analysis for Food Authenticity Testing
Laursen, K., Bontempo, L., Camin, F., & Rossmann, A. (2016) · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-100220-9.00009-6 · Cited by 21
Controls on Stream Water Age in a Saturation Overland Flow‐Dominated Catchment
Lapides, D., Hahm, W., Rempe, D., Dietrich, W. E., & Dralle, D. (2021) · Water Resources Research · doi:10.1029/2021wr031665 · Cited by 20
Interpretation of Nitrogen Isotope Profiles in Petroleum Systems: A Review
Quan, T. M., & Adeboye, O. O. (2021) · Frontiers in Earth Science · doi:10.3389/feart.2021.705691 · Cited by 19
“In order to conform to the tenets of Fretwell’s Law (as cited by Kendall and Caldwell, 1998), which cautions against using stable isotope data as the sole source of information, other redox and environmental proxies, such as biomarkers, paleontological evidence, and element enrichment, should be…”
Method
Stable isotopes of water and specific conductance reveal complimentary information on streamflow generation in snowmelt-dominated, seasonally arid watersheds
Miller, S. A., Mercer, J., Lyon, S., Williams, D. G., & Miller, S. (2021) · doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126075 · Cited by 19
Using isotopes (strontium and radon) and microbial communities to quantify groundwater mixing influenced by anthropogenic factors at riverside area
Kim, J., Choi, H., Kim, H., Ryu, J., & Lee, K. (2020) · doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.124441 · Cited by 19
Stable isotope signatures of meteoric water in the Cuvelai-Etosha Basin, Namibia: Seasonal characteristics, trends and relations to southern African patterns
Wanke, H., Gaj, M., Beyer, M., Koeniger, P., & Hamutoko, J. (2018) · Isotopes in environmental and health studies · doi:10.1080/10256016.2018.1505724 · Cited by 19
“The slope of 8 in Craig’s equation corresponds to the equilibrium Rayleigh distillation of rain at 100 % humidity [20].”
Background
Trees: a powerful geomorphic agent governing the landscape evolution of a subtropical wetland
Sullivan, P., Price, R., Ross, M., Stoffella, S. L., Sah, J., Scinto, L., Cline, E., Dreschel, T., & Sklar, F. (2016) · Biogeochemistry · doi:10.1007/s10533-016-0213-9 · Cited by 19
“…of water, meaning organic and mineral materials have negligible influence on the concentrations of these substances as they move through the environment (Kendall and Caldwell 1998; Schlesinger 1997), they can be used to trace the interaction between precipitation, surface water and groundwater.”
Background
Life history of a mule (c. 160 AD) from the Roman fort Biriciana/Weißenburg (Upper Bavaria) as revealed by serial stable isotope analysis of dental tissues
Berger, T., Peters, J., & Grupe, G. (2010) · doi:10.1002/oa.1013 · Cited by 19
Stable isotope ratios as a tool in microbial forensics--part 3. Effect of culturing on agar-containing growth media.
Kreuzer-Martin, H. W., Chesson, L., Lott, M. J., & Ehleringer, J. (2005) · Journal of Forensic Sciences · doi:10.1520/jfs2004513 · Cited by 19
“If the δ2H and δ18O values of a pool of evaporating water are repeatedly measured as the water evaporates, the slope of the line describing the relationship between them ranges from somewhat less than 4 at 0% relative humidity to approaching 8 as relative humidity approaches 100% (25,31).”
Background
Source Identification in Marine Ecosystems
Smit, A. J. (2001) · Current plant science and biotechnology in agriculture · doi:10.1007/978-94-015-9841-5_11 · Cited by 19
Tracing the Origins of the Ice Giants Through Noble Gas Isotopic Composition
Mandt, K., Mousis, O., Lunine, J., Marty, B., Smith, T., Luspay-Kuti, A., & Aguichine, A. (2020) · Space Science Reviews · doi:10.1007/s11214-020-00723-5 · Cited by 18
Monthly δ18O, δD and Cl− characteristics of precipitation in the Ndop plain, Northwest Cameroon: Baseline data
Wirmvem, M. J., Ohba, T., Fantong, W., Ayonghe, S., Suila, J. Y., Asaah, A. N., Asai, K., Tanyileke, G., & Hell, J. (2014) · doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2013.07.009 · Cited by 18
Use of isotopes to study floodplain wetland and river flow interaction in the White Volta River basin, Ghana
Nyarko, B., Essumang, D. K., Eghan, M. J., Reichert, B., van de Giesen, N. C., & Vlek, P. (2010) · Isotopes in environmental and health studies · doi:10.1080/10256010903388543 · Cited by 18
“As water undergoes changes of state in the process of rainfall formation over the basin, the isotope molecules present in the water redistribute themselves between the phases such that the heavier molecules (with 2H and 18O) are concentrated in the condensed phase, while the lighter molecules (with 2H and 16O) are con…”
BackgroundInfluential
Estimating the Temperature Optima of Soil Priming
Alster, C., van de Laar, A., Arcus, V., Numa, K. B., Wall, A., & Schipper, L. (2022) · Social Science Research Network · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4140016 · Cited by 17
Identifying eroded organic matter sources in sediments at fluvial system using multiple tracers on the Loess Plateau of China
Liu, C., Li, Z.-W., Hu, B. X., Yan, J., & Xiao, H. (2020) · doi:10.1016/j.catena.2020.104623 · Cited by 17
Modeling the contributions of oceanic moisture to summer precipitation in eastern China using 18O
Peng, P.-Y., Zhang, X., & Chen, J. (2020) · Journal of Hydrology · doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.124304 · Cited by 17
An Optimized Snowmelt Lysimeter System for Monitoring Melt Rates and Collecting Samples for Stable Water Isotope Analysis
Rücker, A., Zappa, M., Boss, S., & von Freyberg, J. (2018) · Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics · doi:10.2478/johh-2018-0007 · Cited by 17
“Other factors, such as fractionation during phase transitions (sublimation/condensation/evaporation, freeze/melt) are less obvious from our data set (Earman et al., 2006; Kendall and Caldwell, 1998; Taylor et al., 2001).”
Background
The changing water cycle: the need for an integrated assessment of the resilience to changes in water supply in High‐Mountain Asia
Quincey, D., Klaar, M., Haines, D., Lovett, J., Pariyar, B., Gurung, G., Brown, L., Watson, C., England, M., & Evans, B. (2018) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Water · doi:10.1002/wat2.1258 · Cited by 17
Tritium as a Tracer of Leachate Contamination in Groundwater: A Brief Review of Tritium Anomalies Method
Tazioli, A., Fronzi, D., & Mammoliti, E. (2022) · Hydrology · doi:10.3390/hydrology9050075 · Cited by 16
Using environmental tracers to determine the relative importance of travel times in the unsaturated and saturated zones for the delay of nitrate reduction measures
Gerber, C., Purtschert, R., Hunkeler, D., Hug, R., & Sültenfuß, J. (2018) · Journal of Hydrology · doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.03.043 · Cited by 22
“The measured stable isotope signature of nitrate (d15N and d18O, Table 4) agrees best with the isotopic signature of soil N (Kendall and Caldwell, 1998; see Fig.”
Background
Stable isotopes reveal spatial variability in the trophic structure of a macro-benthic invertebrate community in a tropical coral reef.
Kolasinski, J., Nahon, S., Rogers, K., Chauvin, A., Bigot, L., & Frouin, P. (2016) · Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry · doi:10.1002/rcm.7443 · Cited by 16
On the potential of δ18O and δ15N to assess N2O reduction to N2 in soil
Decock, C., & Six, J. (2013) · doi:10.1111/ejss.12068 · Cited by 16
“If the substrate concentration is large and fractionations are small, ε can be approximated by the difference in isotope values between the product and the substrate, which has been defined as ‘del’ ( ) (Kendall & Caldwell, 1998).”
Background
Understanding mine site water and salt dynamics to support integrated water quality and quantity management
Vink, S., Moran, C., Golding, S., Baublys, K., & Nanjappa, V. (2009) · doi:10.1179/174328610x12682159815226 · Cited by 16
Multiscale Analysis for Promoting Integrated Watershed Management
Rubiano, J., Quintero, M., Estrada, R., & Moreno, A. (2006) · Water International · doi:10.1080/02508060608691941 · Cited by 16
Preferential Flow in Vertisolic Soils with and without Organic Amendments
Ali, G. A., Macrae, M., Walker, M., Laing, J., & Lobb, D. (2018) · doi:10.2134/ael2018.04.0018 · Cited by 16
Improving In-Stream Nutrient Routines in Water Quality Models Using Stable Isotope Tracers: A Review and Synthesis
Jensen, A., Ford, W., Fox, J., & Husic, A. (2018) · doi:10.13031/trans.12545 · Cited by 16
Disentangle Kinetic From Equilibrium Fractionation Using Primary (δ17O, δ18O, δD) and Secondary (Δ17O, dex) Stable Isotope Parameters on Samples From the Swiss Precipitation Network
Leuenberger, M., & Ranjan, S. (2021) · Frontiers in Earth Science · doi:10.3389/feart.2021.598061 · Cited by 15
Nutrient availability in the Setiu Wetland Lagoon, Malaysia: trends, possible causes and environmental impacts
Poh, S., Ng, N. C., Suratman, S., Mathew, D., & Tahir, N. M. (2018) · Environmental Monitoring & Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10661-018-7128-y · Cited by 15
Contribution of glacial melt to river runoff as determined by stable isotopes at the source region of the Yangtze River, China
Liu, Z., Yao, Z., & Wang, R. (2016) · doi:10.2166/nh.2015.089 · Cited by 15
Stable carbon isotope fractionation by methanogens growing on different Mars regolith analogs
Sinha, N., & Kral, T. A. (2015) · Planetary and Space Science · doi:10.1016/j.pss.2015.04.011 · Cited by 15
Isotopic composition of lead in soils and street dust in the Southeastern administrative district of Moscow
Ladonin, D., & Plyaskina, O. V. (2009) · doi:10.1134/s1064229309010128 · Cited by 15
“The isotopic composition of lead in natural materials can significantly vary depending on their age and origin [10, 18, 31 , 38].”
Background
Geochemical Processes Data Package for the Vadose Zone in the Single-Shell Tank Waste Management Areas at the Hanford Site
Cantrell, K. J., Zachara, J. M., Dresel, P. E., Krupka, K. M., & Serne, R. J. (2007) · OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) · doi:10.2172/917584 · Cited by 22

Authors: Kendall, C., & Caldwell, E. A.
ORCID: Kendall, Carol
Venue: Isotope Tracers in Catchment Hydrology
Publisher: Elsevier
Published: 1998
Pages: 51-86
DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-81546-0.50009-4
OpenAlex: W102513760
Cited by: 530
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 24 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 44 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 14
FWCI: 6.50
Type: book chapter
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Elsevier eBooks (publishedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry
Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Earth-Surface Processes › Karst Systems and Hydrogeology
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Isotope Analysis in Ecology
Keywords: environmental isotopes, stable water isotopes, catchment hydrology, mixing models, water source tracing, residence time, hydrogeochemistry

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