Ionic liquid-based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction followed high-performance liquid chromatography for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides in water sample
Abstract
Using 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C(8)MIM][PF(6)]) ionic liquid as extraction solvent, organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) (parathion, phoxim, phorate and chlorpyifos) in water were determined by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) combined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The extraction procedure was induced by the formation of cloudy solution, which was composed of fine drops of [C(8)MIM][PF(6)] dispersed entirely into sample solution with the help of disperser solvent (methanol). Parameters including extraction solvent and its volume, disperser solvent and its volume, extraction time, centrifugal time, salt addition, extraction temperature and sample pH were investigated and optimized. Under the optimized conditions, up to 200-fold enrichment factor of analytes and acceptable extraction recovery (>70%) were obtained. The calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 10.5-1045.0 microg L(-1) for parathion, 10.2-1020.0 microg L(-1) for phoxim, 54.5-1089.0 microg L(-1) for phorate and 27.2-1089.0 microg L(-1) for chlorpyifos, respectively. The limits of detection calculated at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 were in the range of 0.1-5.0 microg L(-1). The relative standard deviations for seven replicate experiments at 200 microg L(-1) concentration level were less than 4.7%. The proposed method was applied to the analysis of four different sources water samples (tap, well, rain and Yellow River water) and the rel…
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For IL-DLLME of pesticides, a relatively small number of works has been published, especially in recent years.
“Regarding IL-DLLME of pesticides, a relatively small number of works has come out, especially in recent years [13-16,32,38,47,50].”
From Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for determination of organic analytes (2010) · cites this paper as [47]
In most IL-DLLME pesticide works, water samples were analyzed using HPLC as the separation technique.
“In most cases, water samples have also been analyzed using HPLC as the separation technique [13-16,32,47].”
From Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for determination of organic analytes (2010) · cites this paper as [47]
IL-DLLME has a drawback of a wide peak at the beginning of the chromatogram corresponding to the IL.
“As can be seen, at the beginning of the chromatogram, there appeared a wide peak, corresponding to the IL - one of the main drawbacks of using IL-DLLME, as already reported [14-19,32,38,47,50,65-67] -although, in this case, it did not interfere at all in the separation.”
From Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for determination of organic analytes (2010) · cites this paper as [47]
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- Authors
- He, L., Luo, X., Xie, H., Wang, C., Jiang, X., & Lu, K.
- Affiliations
- Henan University of Technology (CN)
- Corresponding author
- He, Lijun
- Venue
- Analytica Chimica Acta
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-11
- Volume
- 655
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 52-59
- ISSN
- 0003-2670 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2063904879
- Cited by
- 212
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 21.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Analytica Chimica Acta (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (20905020)
- Henan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (0511022400)
- Key Project of Henan Province (0422031200)
- Financial Aid Plan
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Analytical Chemistry › Analytical chemistry methods development
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Pesticide Residue Analysis and Safety
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
- Keywords
- organophosphorus pesticides, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, ionic liquids, 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, parathion, phoxim, phorate, chlorpyrifos, water analysis, pesticide residues in water, extraction optimization
- MeSH terms
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Chlorpyrifos, Chemical Fractionation, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Imidazoles, Organothiophosphorus Compounds, Parathion, Pesticides, Phorate, Salts, Solvents, Temperature, Time Factors, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Ionic Liquids
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