The DOI matches its Crossref record; 74 of the 74 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Systematic review of school-based prevention and early intervention programs for depression
Abstract
A systematic review was conducted to identify and describe school-based prevention and early intervention programs for depression and to evaluate their effectiveness in reducing depressive symptoms. Forty-two randomised controlled trials, relating to 28 individual school-based programs, were identified through the Cochrane Library, PsycInfo and PubMed databases. A large proportion of the programs identified were based on cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), and delivered by a mental health professional or graduate student over 8-12 sessions. Indicated programs, which targeted students exhibiting elevated levels of depression, were found to be the most effective, with effect sizes for all programs ranging from 0.21 to 1.40. Teacher program leaders and the employment of attention control conditions were associated with fewer significant effects. Further school-based research is required that involves the use of attention controls, long-term follow-ups and which focuses on the training and evaluation of sustainable program leaders, such as teachers.
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“However, there is inconclusive evidence as to whether CBT delivered universally is effective in preventing depression in adolescents (Calear and Christensen, 2010).”
From A pilot evaluation of the SPARX-R gaming intervention for preventing depression and improving wellbeing among adolescents in alternative education (2017) · cites this paper as Calear and Christensen, 2010
In the citing paper
“One study found that the practice of mindfulness skills can actually help individuals experience painful sensations without reactivity [66].”
From Effects of Mindfulness and Life-Skills Training on Emotion Regulation and Anxiety Symptoms in Chinese Migrant Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial. (2024) · cites this paper as [66]
In the citing paper
“Over longer durations, there is a greater potential for participants to encounter adversity and use learned strategies that benefit their mental health [71].”
From Effects of Mindfulness and Life-Skills Training on Emotion Regulation and Anxiety Symptoms in Chinese Migrant Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial. (2024) · cites this paper as [71]
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“Two previous systematic reviews that have specifically examined school-based prevention programs for anxiety and depression (Calear & Christensen, 2010; Neil & Christensen, 2009), found promising effects (depression: median d=0.64 for children, d=0.60 for adolescents; anxiety: median d=0.57 for…”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-citationMental health interventions in schools in high-income countries
Fazel, M., Hoagwood, K., Stephan, S., & Ford, T. (2014) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(14)70312-8 · Cited by 730
Early gender differences in self-regulation and academic achievement.
Matthews, J. S., Ponitz, C. C., & Morrison, F. J. (2009) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0014240 · Cited by 779
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Metadata
- Authors
- Calear, A. L., & Christensen, H.
- Affiliations
- Australian National University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Calear, Alison L.
- Venue
- Journal of Adolescence
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-07-31
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 429-438
- ISSN
- 0140-1971 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9254
- OpenAlex
- W2142993455
- Cited by
- 365
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 2.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Adolescence (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ANU Open Research (Australian National University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › School Health and Nursing Education
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- depression, school-based prevention, early intervention, cognitive behavioral therapy, adolescents, depressive symptoms, program effectiveness, teacher-led intervention, program sustainability
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Child, Depressive Disorder, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Mass Screening, Mental Health Services, School Health Services, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Early Diagnosis
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