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Systematic review of school-based prevention and early intervention programs for depression

Calear, Alison L., Christensen, Helen·2010·Journal of Adolescence

DOI 10.1016/j.adolescence.2009.07.004

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Abstract

A systematic review was conducted to identify and describe school-based prevention and early intervention programs for depression and to evaluate their effectiveness in reducing depressive symptoms. Forty-two randomised controlled trials, relating to 28 individual school-based programs, were identified through the Cochrane Library, PsycInfo and PubMed databases. A large proportion of the programs identified were based on cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), and delivered by a mental health professional or graduate student over 8-12 sessions. Indicated programs, which targeted students exhibiting elevated levels of depression, were found to be the most effective, with effect sizes for all programs ranging from 0.21 to 1.40. Teacher program leaders and the employment of attention control conditions were associated with fewer significant effects. Further school-based research is required that involves the use of attention controls, long-term follow-ups and which focuses on the training and evaluation of sustainable program leaders, such as teachers.

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Authors: Calear, A. L., & Christensen, H.
Affiliations: Australian National University (AU)
Corresponding author: Calear, Alison L.
ORCID: Calear, Alison L.
Christensen, Helen
Venue: Journal of Adolescence
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2009-07-31
Volume: 33
Issue: 3
Pages: 429-438
ISSN: 0140-1971 (ISSN-L)
1095-9254
DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2009.07.004
OpenAlex: W2142993455
Cited by: 365
References: 74
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 14
FWCI: 2.77
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Journal of Adolescence (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
ANU Open Research (Australian National University) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › School Health and Nursing Education
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Keywords: depression, school-based prevention, early intervention, cognitive behavioral therapy, adolescents, depressive symptoms, program effectiveness, teacher-led intervention, program sustainability
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Child, Depressive Disorder, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Mass Screening, Mental Health Services, School Health Services, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Early Diagnosis

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