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Alcohol Drinking and Cardiovascular Risk in a Population With High Mean Alcohol Consumption

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Foerster, Maryline, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Gmel, Gerhard, Daeppen, Jean-Bernard, Cornuz, Jacques, Hayoz, Daniel, Pécoud, Alain, Mooser, Vincent +4 more·2009·The American Journal of Cardiology
DOI 10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.09.089
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Abstract

Moderate alcohol consumption has been associated with lower coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. However, data on the CAD risk associated with high alcohol consumption are conflicting. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of heavier drinking on 10-year CAD risk in a population with high mean alcohol consumption. In a population-based study of 5,769 adults (aged 35 to 75 years) without cardiovascular disease in Switzerland, 1-week alcohol consumption was categorized as 0, 1 to 6, 7 to 13, 14 to 20, 21 to 27, 28 to 34, and > or =35 drinks/week or as nondrinkers (0 drinks/week), moderate (1 to 13 drinks/week), high (14 to 34 drinks/week), and very high (> or =35 drinks/week). Blood pressure and lipids were measured, and 10-year CAD risk was calculated according to the Framingham risk score. Seventy-three percent (n = 4,214) of the participants consumed alcohol; 16% (n = 909) were high drinkers and 2% (n = 119) very high drinkers. In multivariate analysis, increasing alcohol consumption was associated with higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (from a mean +/- SE of 1.57 +/- 0.01 mmol/L in nondrinkers to 1.88 +/- 0.03 mmol/L in very high drinkers); triglycerides (1.17 +/- 1.01 to 1.32 +/- 1.05 mmol/L), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (127.4 +/- 0.4 to 132.2 +/- 1.4 mm Hg and 78.7 +/- 0.3 to 81.7 +/- 0.9 mm Hg, respectively) (all p values for trend <0.001). Ten-year CAD risk increased from 4.31 +/- 0.10% to 4.90 +/- 0.37% (p = 0.03) with alcohol use, with a J-shaped relation. Increasing wine consumption was more related to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, whereas beer and spirits were related to increased triglyceride levels. In conclusion, as measured by 10-year CAD risk, the protective effect of alcohol consumption disappears in very high drinkers, because the beneficial increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is offset by the increases in blood pressure levels.

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  • Alcohol consumption of 1 ounce per day is estimated to correspond to a 5% to 10% higher concentration of triglycerides in drinkers versus nondrinkers.

    “Alcohol consumption of 1 ounce per day is estimated to correspond to a 5% to 10% higher concentration of triglycerides in drinkers versus nondrinkers (93,94).”

    From 2021 ACC Expert Consensus Decision Pathway on the Management of ASCVD Risk Reduction in Patients With Persistent Hypertriglyceridemia (2021) · cites this paper as [94]

    The Results and Discussion report an overall positive association between alcohol consumption and triglyceride levels. But Table 3 reports levels by drinks per week, not an estimate of 5%–10% higher triglycerides at 1 ounce per day: the adjusted value for 14–20 drinks per week is 1.16 mmol/L, versus 1.17 mmol/L for nondrinkers. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Authors
Foerster, M., Marques-Vidal, P., Gmel, G., Daeppen, J.-B., Cornuz, J., Hayoz, D., Pécoud, A., Mooser, V., Waeber, G., Vollenweider, P., Paccaud, F., & Rodondi, N.
Affiliations
  • Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (CH)
  • Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CH)
  • University of Lausanne (CH)
  • GlaxoSmithKline (United States) (US)
Corresponding author
Rodondi, Nicolas
ORCID
Venue
The American Journal of Cardiology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2009-02
Volume
103
Issue
3
Pages
361-368
ISSN
0002-9149 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.09.089
OpenAlex
W1991487162
Cited by
128
References
2
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 19
FWCI
5.69
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • The American Journal of Cardiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • IRIS (submittedVersion)
  • SERVAL (Université de Lausanne) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
North Carolina GlaxoSmithKline Foundation
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Coffee research and impacts
Keywords
heavy alcohol consumption, coronary artery disease risk, cardiovascular risk, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, blood pressure, wine consumption, J-shaped relationship, Framingham risk score
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Alcohol Drinking, Blood Pressure, C-Reactive Protein, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cholesterol, Female, Humans, Cholesterol, HDL, Cholesterol, LDL, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Triglycerides

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