Exercise training for patients with heart failure: a systematic review of factors that improve mortality and morbidity
Abstract
Purpose To determine the efficacy of exercise training and its effects on outcomes in patients with heart failure.Methods MEDLINE, Medscape, and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Registry were searched for trials of exercise training in heart failure patients. Data relating to training protocol, exercise capacity, and outcome measures were extracted and reviewed.Results A total of 81 studies were identified: 30 randomized controlled trials, five nonrandomized controlled trials, nine randomized crossover trials, and 37 longitudinal cohort studies. Exercise training was performed in 2387 patients. The average increment in peak oxygen consumption was 17% in 57 studies that measured oxygen consumption directly, 17% in 40 studies of aerobic training, 9% in three studies that only used strength training, 15% in 13 studies of combined aerobic and strength training, and 16% in the one study on inspiratory training. There were no reports of deaths that were directly related to exercise during more than 60,000 patient-hours of exercise training. During the training and follow-up periods of the randomized controlled trials, there were 56 combined (deaths or adverse events) events in the exercise groups and 75 combined events in the control groups (odds ratio [OR] = 0.98; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.61 to 1.32; P = 0.60). During this same period, 26 exercising and 41 nonexercising subjects died (OR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.37 to 1.02; P = 0.06).Conclusion Exercise training is safe and effective in patients with heart failure. The risk of adverse events may be reduced, but further studies are required to determine whether there is any mortality benefit.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The frequency of major cardiovascular complications during supervised exercise training for CVD patients is low: about one per 50,000 patient-hours of exercise training.
“Safety assessment is important even though the frequency of major cardiovascular complications during supervised exercise training for CVD patients is low: about one per 50,000 patient-hours of exercise training.122,123”
Cites
The epidemiology of heart failure: The Framingham Study
Ho, K. K. L., Pinsky, J. L., Kannel, W. B., & Levy, D. A. (1993) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/0735-1097(93)90455-a · Cited by 2,230 · see citing works
Jessup, M. L., & Brozena, S. C. (2003) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra021498 · Cited by 1,559 · see citing works
Belardinelli, R., Georgiou, D., Cianci, G., & Purcaro, A. (1999) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.99.9.1173 · Cited by 1,099 · cited 6× · see citing works
“Belardinelli* (11) 9 18 30 min, 3 sessions/wk, 8 wk 40% max oxygen consumption; aerobic 17% 92 wk 0% BB 67% ACE Belardinelli (31) 49 50 40 min, 3 sessions/wk, 52 wk 60% max oxygen consumption; aerobic 18% 192 wk 0% BB 90% ACE Braith (62) 9 10 28 min, 3 sessions/wk, 16 wk 40%–80% max oxygen consumption; aerobic 25% 16…”
BackgroundInfluentialThe epidemiology of heart failure
Cowie, M., Mosterd, A., Wood, D. A., Deckers, J. W., Poole-Wilson, P. A., Sutton, G. C., & Grobbee, D. E. (1997) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a015223 · Cited by 1,031 · see citing works
Piña, I. L., Apstein, C. S., Balady, G. J., Belardinelli, R., Chaitman, B. R., Duscha, B. D., Fletcher, B. J., Fleg, J. L., Myers, J. N., & Sullivan, M. J. (2003) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000055013.92097.40 · Cited by 1,030 · see citing works
Hambrecht, R., Fiehn, E., Weigl, C., Gielen, S., Hamann, C., Kaiser, R., Yu, J., Adams, V., Niebauer, J., & Schuler, G. C. (1998) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.98.24.2709 · Cited by 963 · see citing works
Coats, A. J. S., Adamopoulos, S. N., Radaelli, A., McCance, A. J., Meyer, T. E., Bernardi, L., Soldà, P. L., Davey, P. P., ORMEROD, O. J. M., & Forfar, C. (1992) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.85.6.2119 · Cited by 953 · see citing works
Sullivan, M. J., Higginbotham, M. B., & Cobb, F. R. (1988) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.78.3.506 · Cited by 697 · see citing works
Hambrecht, R. (2000) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.283.23.3095 · Cited by 689 · see citing works
Physical Training Improves Endothelial Function in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure
Hornig, B., Maier, V., & Drexler, H. (1996) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.93.2.210 · Cited by 628 · see citing works
Gielen, S., Adams, V., Möbius-Winkler, S., Linke, A., Erbs, S., Yu, J., Kempf, W., Schubert, A., Schuler, G., & Hambrecht, R. (2003) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(03)00848-9 · Cited by 613 · see citing works
Incidence of Death During Jogging in Rhode Island From 1975 Through 1980
Thompson, P. D. (1982) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.1982.03320430039028 · Cited by 523 · see citing works
Effects of physical training in chronic heart failure
Coats, A. J. S. (1990) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(90)90536-e · Cited by 443 · see citing works
Physical training improves skeletal muscle metabolism in patients with chronic heart failure
Adamopoulos, S. N., Coats, A. J. S., Brunotte, F., Arnolda, L., Meyer, T. E., Thompson, C. H., Dunn, J. F., Stratton, J. R., Kemp, G. J., Radda, G. K., et al. (1993) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/0735-1097(93)90231-o · Cited by 384 · see citing works
Physical training reduces peripheral markers of inflammation in patients with chronic heart failure
Adamopoulos, S. N. (2001) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1053/euhj.2000.2285 · Cited by 373 · see citing works
Antiremodeling Effect of Long-Term Exercise Training in Patients With Stable Chronic Heart Failure
Giannuzzi, P., Temporelli, P. L., Corrà, U., & Tavazzi, L. (2003) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000081780.38477.fa · Cited by 343 · see citing works
The effects of exercise training on sympathetic neural activation in advanced heart failure
Roveda, F., Middlekauff, H. R., Rondon, M. U. P. B., Reis, S. F., Souza, M., Nastari, L., Barretto, A. C. P., Krieger, E. M., & Negrão, C. E. (2003) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(03)00831-3 · Cited by 333 · see citing works
Cardiovascular Complications of Outpatient Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs
Camp, S. P. V. (1986) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.256.9.1160 · Cited by 330 · see citing works
McKelvie, R. S., Teo, K. K., Roberts, R., McCartney, N., Humen, D., Montague, T., Hendrican, K., & Yusuf, S. (2002) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1067/mhj.2002.123310 · Cited by 322 · see citing works
β-Blocker Therapy in Heart Failure
Foody, J. M., Farrell, M. H., & Krumholz, H. M. (2002) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.287.7.883 · Cited by 317 · see citing works
Sullivan, M. J., Higginbotham, M. B., & Cobb, F. R. (1989) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.79.2.324 · Cited by 298 · see citing works
Linke, A. H.-P., Schoene, N., Gielen, S., Hofer, J., Erbs, S., Schuler, G. C., & Hambrecht, R. (2001) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(00)01108-6 · Cited by 286 · see citing works
Hambrecht, R., Hilbrich, L., Erbs, S., Gielen, S., Fiehn, E., Schoene, N., & Schuler, G. C. (2000) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(99)00602-6 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
Adamopoulos, S. N., Parissis, J., Karatzas, D., Κroupis, C., Georgiadis, M., Karavolias, G., Paraskevaidis, J., Koniavitou, K., Coats, A. J. S., & Kremastinos, D. T. (2002) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(01)01795-8 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
MANCINI, D. M., Henson, D., LaManca, J. J., Donchez, L., & Levine, S. (1995) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.91.2.320 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Exercise Training in Patients with Heart Failure A Randomized, Controlled Trial
Keteyian, S. J., Levine, A. B., Brawner, C. A., Kataoka, T., Rogers, F. J., Schairer, J. R., Stein, P. D., Levine, T. B., & Goldstein, S. (1996) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-124-12-199606150-00004 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Recommendations for exercise training in chronic heart failure patients
(2001) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1053/euhj.2000.2440 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
Oka, R. K., Marco, T. D., Haskell, W. L., Botvinick, E. H., Dae, M. W., Bolen, K., & Chatterjee, K. (2000) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(99)00748-1 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Combined aerobic and resistance exercise training improves functional capacity and strength in CHF
Maiorana, A., O’Driscoll, G., Cheetham, C., Collis, J. J., Goodman, C., Rankin, S. L., Taylor, R. R., & GREEN, D. J. (2000) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.2000.88.5.1565 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Conn, E. H., Williams, R. S., & Wallace, A. G. (1982) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/0002-9149(82)90504-5 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Dubach, P., MYERS, J. N., Dziekan, G., Goebbels, U., Reinhart, W. H., Muller, P., Buser, P., Stulz, P. M., Vogt, P. R., & Ratti, R. (1997) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(97)82540-5 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Skeletal muscle response to exercise training in congestive heart failure.
Minotti, J. R., Johnson, E. C., Hudson, T. L., Zuroske, G., Murata, G., Fukushima, E., Cagle, T. G., Chick, T. W., Massie, B. M., & Icenogle, M. V. (1990) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci114771 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Neuroendocrine activation in heart failure is modified by endurance exercise training
Braith, R. W., Welsch, M. A., Feigenbaum, M. S., Kluess, H. A., & Pepine, C. J. (1999) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(99)00339-3 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Giannuzzi, P., Temporelli, P. L., Corrà, U., Gattone, M., Giordano, A., Tavazzi, L., & for the ELVD Study Group (1997) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.96.6.1790 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Conraads, V. M. (2002) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1053/euhj.2002.3239 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Belardinelli, R., Georgiou, D., Ginzton, L. E., Cianci, G., & Purcaro, A. (1998) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.97.6.553 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Kavanagh, T., Myers, M. G., Baigrie, R. S., Mertens, D. J., Sawyer, P., & Shephard, R. J. (1996) · Heart · doi:10.1136/hrt.76.1.42 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Long-term effects of physical training on coronary patients with impaired ventricular function.
Lee, A. P., Ice, R., Blessey, R. L., & Sanmarco, M. E. (1979) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.60.7.1519 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Katz, S. D., Yuen, J., Bijou, R., & LeJemtel, T. H. (1997) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1997.82.5.1488 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Randomized 4-week exercise program in patients with impaired left ventricular function.
Jetté, M., Heller, R., Landry, F., & Blümchen, G. (1991) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.84.4.1561 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Effects of exercise training on chronotropic incompetence in patients with heart failure
Keteyian, S. J., Brawner, C. A., Schairer, J. R., Levine, T. B., Levine, A. B., Rogers, F. J., & Goldstein, S. (1999) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/s0002-8703(99)70106-7 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Magnusson, G., Gordon, A., Kaijser, L., Sylvén, C., Isberg, B., Karpakka, J., & Saltin, B. (1996) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a015001 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Demopoulos, L. A., Bijou, R., Fergus, I. V., Jones, M., Strom, J. A., & LeJemtel, T. H. (1997) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(96)00526-8 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Strength/endurance training versus endurance training in congestive heart failure
Delagardelle, C., Feiereisen, P., Autier, P., SHITA, R., Krecké, R., & Beissel, J. (2002) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1097/00005768-200212000-00002 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
The Benefit of Graded Physical Exercise in Chronic Heart Failure
Koch, M., Douard, H., & Jp, B. (1992) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.101.5_supplement.231s · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Harris, S. (2003) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/s0195-668x(02)00822-9 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Tyni‐Lenné, R., Dencker, K., Gordon, A., Jansson, E., & Sylvén, C. (2001) · European Journal of Heart Failure · doi:10.1016/s1388-9842(00)00087-8 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Hydrotherapy—A New Approach to Improve Function in the Older Patient with Chronic Heart Failure
Cider, Å., Schaufelberger, M., Sunnerhagen, K. S., & Andersson, B. (2003) · European Journal of Heart Failure · doi:10.1016/s1388-9842(03)00048-5 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Larsen, A. I., Lindal, S., Aukrust, P., Toft, I., Aarsland, T., & Dickstein, K. (2002) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0167-5273(02)00014-1 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Stolen, K. Q., Kemppainen, J., Ukkonen, H., Kalliokoski, K. K., Luotolahti, M., Lehikoinen, P., Hämäläinen, H., Salo, T., Airaksinen, J. K. E., Nuutila, P., et al. (2003) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(02)02772-9 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Kobayashi, N., Tsuruya, Y., Iwasawa, T., Ikeda, N., Hashimoto, S., Yasu, T., Ueba, H., Kubo, N., Fujii, M., Kawakami, M., et al. (2003) · Circulation Journal · doi:10.1253/circj.67.505 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Tyni-Lenné, R., Gordon, A., Europe, E., Jansson, E., & Sylven, C. (1998) · Journal of Cardiac Failure · doi:10.1016/s1071-9164(98)90503-6 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Increased expression of VEGF following exercise training in patients with heart failure
Gustafsson, T. P., Bodin, K., Sylvén, C., Gordon, A., Tyni‐Lenné, R., & Jansson, E. (2001) · European Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2362.2001.00816.x · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Willenheimer, R. B., Rydberg, E., Cline, C. M. J., Broms, K., Hillberger, B., Oberg, L., & Erhardt, L. (2001) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0167-5273(00)00383-1 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Duru, F., CANDINAS, R., Dziekan, G., Goebbels, U., MYERS, J. N., & Dubach, P. (2000) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1067/mhj.2000.106606 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Ventilation in chronic heart failure: effects of physical training
Davey, P. P., Meyer, T., Coats, A. J. S., Adamopoulos, S. N., Casadei, B., Conway, J., & Sleight, P. (1992) · Heart · doi:10.1136/hrt.68.11.473 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Effect of an Exercise Programme for Elderly Patients with Heart Failure
Owen, A., & Croucher, L. (2000) · European Journal of Heart Failure · doi:10.1016/s1388-9842(99)00067-7 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Hambrecht, R., Gielen, S., Linke, A., Fiehn, E., Yu, J., Walther, C., Schoene, N., & Schuler, G. C. (2000) · Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/00008483-200011000-00015 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
A randomized controlled trial of inspiratory muscle training in stable chronic heart failure
Johnson, P. (1998) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1053/euhj.1998.1024 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
A study of left ventricular function in coronary patients before and after physical training.
Letac, B., Cribier, A. G., & Jf, D. (1977) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.56.3.375 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Quittan, B. S. M. (1999) · Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine · doi:10.1080/003655099444399 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Effect of exercise training on quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure
Wielenga, R. P., Erdman, R. A. M., Huisveld, I. A., Bol, E., Dunselman, P. H. J. M., Baselier, M. R. P., & Mosterd, W. L. (1998) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3999(97)00309-7 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Exercise training increases arterial compliance in patients with congestive heart failure
Parnell, M. M., Holst, D. P., & Kaye, D. M. (2001) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs1020001 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Malfatto, G., Branzi, G., Riva, B., Sala, L., Leonetti, G., & Facchini, M. (2002) · European Journal of Heart Failure · doi:10.1016/s1388-9842(01)00221-5 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Exercise training in heart failure: recommendations based on current research
Meyer, K. (2001) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1097/00005768-200104000-00004 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
MYERS, J. N., Wagner, D., Schertler, T., Beer, M., Luechinger, R., Klein, M., Rickli, H., Muller, P., Mayer, K., Schwitter, J., et al. (2002) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1067/mhj.2002.124401 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Delagardelle, C., Feiereisen, P., KRECK, R., et al. (1999) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1097/00005768-199908000-00004 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Meyer, K., Foster, C., Georgakopoulos, N., et al. (1998) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(98)00646-8 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Tyni‐Lenné, R., Gordon, A., Jensen‐Urstad, M., Dencker, K., Jansson, E., & Sylvén, C. (1999) · Journal of Cardiac Failure · doi:10.1016/s1071-9164(99)91334-9 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
The Effect of Physical Training on Skeletal Muscle in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
Kiilavuori, K., Näveri, H., Salmi, T. K., et al. (2000) · European Journal of Heart Failure · doi:10.1016/s1388-9842(00)00058-1 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Gordon, A., Sylvén, C., Tyni‐Lennaé, R., Persson, H., Kauser, L., & Hultman, E. (1996) · Clinical Cardiology · doi:10.1002/clc.4960190709 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Insulin Signalling and Resistance in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
Kemppainen, J., Tsuchida, H., Stolen, K. Q., Karlsson, H., Björnholm, M., Heinonen, O. J., Nuutila, P., Krook, A., Knuuti, J. M., & Zierath, J. R. (2003) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2003.042648 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibition and physical training in heart failure
Meyer, T. E., Casadei, B., Coats, A. J. S., Davey, P. P., Adamopoulos, S. N., RADAELLI, A., & Conway, J. (1991) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1991.tb00465.x · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Demopoulos, L. A., Yeh, M., Gentilucci, M., Testa, M., Bijou, R., Katz, S. D., MANCINI, D. M., Jones, M., & LeJemtel, T. H. (1997) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.95.7.1764 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Peripheral muscle training in patients with clinical signs of heart failure
Cider, Å., Tygesson, H., Hedberg, M., Seligman, L., Wennerblom, B., & Sunnerhagen, K. S. (1997) · Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine · doi:10.2340/165019771997121127 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
McConnell, T. R., Mandak, J. S., Sykes, J. S., Fesniak, H., & Dasgupta, H. (2003) · Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/00008483-200301000-00003 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Rate and amplitude of adaptation to intermittent and continuous exercise in older men
Morris, N. R., Gass, G. C., Thompson, M. W., Bennett, G. B., Basic, D., & Morton, H. R. (2002) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1097/00005768-200203000-00014 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Predictors of response to exercise training in severe chronic congestive heart failure
Meyer, K., Görnandt, L., Schwaibold, M., et al. (1997) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(97)00283-x · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Tyni‐Lenné, R., Gordon, A., & Sylvén, C. (1996) · Journal of Cardiac Failure · doi:10.1016/s1071-9164(96)80029-7 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Walking performance and economy in chronic heart failure patients pre and post exercise training
Beneke, R., & Meyer, K. (1997) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s004210050155 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Radzewitz, A., Miche, E., Herrmann, G., Nowak, M., Montanus, U., Adam, U., Stockmann, Y., & Barth, M. A. (2002) · European Journal of Heart Failure · doi:10.1016/s1388-9842(02)00090-9 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Barlow, C. W., Qayyum, M. S., Davey, P. P., Conway, J., Paterson, D. J., & Robbins, P. A. (1994) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.89.3.1144 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Otsuka, Y., Takaki, H., Okano, Y., Satoh, T., Aihara, N., Matsumoto, T., Yasumura, Y., Morii, I., & Goto, Y. (2003) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0167-5273(02)00251-6 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
Grady, K. L. (1993) · Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0899-5885(18)30534-3 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Ali, A., Mehra, M. R., Malik, F. S., Lavie, C. J., Bass, D. C., & Milani, R. V. (1999) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.116.1.83 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Differential effects of exercise training in men and women with chronic heart failure
Keteyian, S. J., Duscha, B. D., Brawner, C. A., Green, H. J., MARKS, C. R. C., Schachat, F. H., Annex, B. H., & Kraus, W. E. (2003) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/s0002-8703(03)00075-9 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Aronow, W. S. (2003) · Heart Disease · doi:10.1097/01.hdx.0000080714.87750.48 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Webb-Peploe, K., Chua, T. P., Harrington, D., et al. (2000) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0167-5273(00)00293-x · Cited by 32 · see citing works
β-BLOCKER THERAPY IN HEART FAILURE
Carson, P. E. (2001) · Cardiology Clinics · doi:10.1016/s0733-8651(05)70212-5 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Forissier, J.-F., Vernochet, P., Bertrand, P., Charbonnier, B., & Monpère, C. (2001) · European Journal of Heart Failure · doi:10.1016/s1388-9842(00)00152-5 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Cardiac rehabilitation and survival in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction
Whellan, D. J., Shaw, L. K., Bart, B. A., Kraus, W. E., Califf, R. M., & O’Connor, C. M. (2001) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1067/mhj.2001.115785 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Effects of exercise training on limb blood flow in patients with reduced ventricular function
Dziekan, G., MYERS, J. N., Goebbels, U., Muller, P., Reinhart, W. H., Ratti, R., Haefeli, W. E., & Dubach, P. (1998) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/s0002-8703(98)70177-2 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Shephard, R. J., Kavanagh, T., & Mertens, D. J. (1998) · Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/00008483-199801000-00006 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Vibarel-Rebot, N., Hayot, M., Ledermann, B., MESSNER-PELLENC, P., Ramonatxo, M., & PREFAUT, C. G. (2002) · European Journal of Heart Failure · doi:10.1016/s1388-9842(02)00163-0 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Exercise Training Alters Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Morphometry in Heart Failure Patients
Santoro, C., Cosmas, A. C., Forman, D. E., Morghan, A., Bairos, L., Levesque, S., Roubenoff, R., Hennessey, J. V., Lamont, L. S., & Manfredi, T. (2002) · European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1177/174182670200900612 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Physiological response to a short period of exercise training in patients with chronic heart failure
Taylor, A. (1999) · Physiotherapy Research International · doi:10.1002/pri.171 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Brosseau, R., Juneau, M., Sirard, A., et al. (1995) · PubMed · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Pietilä, M., Malminiemi, K., Huupponen, R., et al. (2000) · European Journal of Heart Failure · doi:10.1016/s1388-9842(00)00054-4 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Tyni‐Lenné, R. (1999) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1016/s0008-6363(98)00313-7 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Hedbäck, B., & Perk, J. (2020) · Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine · doi:10.2340/1650197790221520 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Physical Rehabilitation in Coronary Patients Who Have Suffered from Episodes of Cardiac Failure
Scalvini, S., Marangoni, S., Volterrani, M., et al. (2008) · Cardiology · doi:10.1159/000175034 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Agostini, D., Lecluse, E., Belin, A., et al. (1998) · European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging · doi:10.1007/s002590050222 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Tavazzi, L., & Ignone, G. (1991) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/12.6.657 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Endothelial Function in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
Elkayam, U., Prakash, M., Subbiah, S., et al. (2001) · Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology · doi:10.1097/00005344-200111002-00012 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Contraindications to physical training in patients with impaired ventricular function
Kellermann, J. J., Shemesh, J., & Ben-Ari, E. (1988) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/9.suppl_f.71 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Testa, M., Ennezat, P. V., Vikstrom, K. L., et al. (2000) · PubMed · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Ehsani, A. A., Miller, T. R., Miller, T. A., et al. (1997) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(97)00095-7 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
DIGENIO, A. G., Noakes, T. D., Cantor, A. A., et al. (1997) · Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/00008483-199703000-00006 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Exercise training in chronic heart failure: is it really safe?
Meyer, K. (1999) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1053/euhj.1999.1535 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Effects of short-term exercise training in patients with heart failure.
Tokmakova, M. P., Dobreva, B., & Kostianev, S. S. (1999) · PubMed · Cited by 12 · see citing works
[Exercise training in heart failure].
Kindermann, M., Meyer, T., Kindermann, W., et al. (2003) · PubMed · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Adaptations to Training in Patients with Exercise-Induced Left Ventricular Dysfunction1
Ehsani, A. A. (2015) · Advances in cardiology · doi:10.1159/000413047 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Barlow, C. W., Qayyum, M. S., Davey, P. P., Peterson, D. J., & Robbins, P. A. (2009) · Respiration · doi:10.1159/000196657 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure
Yancy, C. W., Jessup, M., Bozkurt, B., Butler, J., Casey, D. E., Drazner, M. H., Fonarow, G. C., Geraci, S. A., Horwich, T., Januzzi, J. L., et al. (2013) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.05.019 · Cited by 12,536 · see citing works
Yancy, C. W., Jessup, M., Bozkurt, B., Butler, J., Casey, D. E., Drazner, M. H., Fonarow, G. C., Geraci, S. A., Horwich, T., Januzzi, J. L., et al. (2013) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e31829e8807 · Cited by 3,304 · see citing works
Fletcher, G. F., Ades, P. A., Kligfield, P., Arena, R., Balady, G. J., Bittner, V. A., Coke, L. A., Fleg, J. L., Forman, D. E., Gerber, T. C., et al. (2013) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e31829b5b44 · Cited by 2,235 · see citing works
O'Connor (2009) · doi:10.1001/jama.2009.454 · Cited by 2,173 · see citing works
Exercise and the Cardiovascular System: Clinical Science and Cardiovascular Outcomes
Lavie, C. J., Arena, R., Swift, D. L., Johannsen, N. M., Sui, X., Lee, D.-C., Earnest, C. P., Church, T. S., O’Keefe, J. H., Milani, R. V., et al. (2015) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.117.305205 · Cited by 782 · see citing works
Ezekowitz, J. A., O'Meara, E., McDonald, M. A., Abrams, H., Chan, M., Ducharme, A., Giannetti, N., Grzeslo, A., Hamilton, P. G., Heckman, G. A., et al. (2017) · Canadian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2017.08.022 · Cited by 676 · see citing works
Mant, J., Doust, J., Roalfe, A., Barton, P., Cowie, M., Glasziou, P., Mant, D., McManus, R., Holder, R., Deeks, J., et al. (2009) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/hta13320 · Cited by 498 · see citing works
Exercise modulates oxidative stress and inflammation in aging and cardiovascular diseases
Sallam, N., & Laher, I. (2016) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2016/7239639 · Cited by 334 · see citing works
Exercise training for systolic heart failure: Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis
Davies, E. J., Moxham, T., Rees, K., Singh, S., Coats, A. J. S., Ebrahim, S., Lough, F., & Taylor, R. S. (2010) · European Journal of Heart Failure · doi:10.1093/eurjhf/hfq056 · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Hordern, M. D., Dunstan, D. W., Prins, J. B., Baker, M. K., Singh, M. A. F., & Coombes, J. S. (2012) · Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2011.04.005 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Scherrenberg, M., Wilhelm, M., Hansen, D., Völler, H., Cornelissen, V., Frederix, I., Kemps, H., & Dendale, P. (2021) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1177/2047487320939671 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Piotrowicz, E., Baranowski, R., Bilinska, M., Stepnowska, M., Piotrowska, M., Wójcik, A., Korewicki, J., Chojnowska, L., Malek, L. A., Klopotowski, M., et al. (2010) · European Journal of Heart Failure · doi:10.1093/eurjhf/hfp181 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Tierney, S., Mamas, M., Skelton, D., Woods, S., Rutter, M. K., Gibson, M., Neyses, L., & Deaton, C. (2011) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0022848 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
The effects of exercise on sexual function in women
Stanton, A. M., Handy, A. B., & Meston, C. M. (2018) · Sexual Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.sxmr.2018.02.004 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Tierney, S., Mamas, M., Woods, S., Rutter, M. K., Gibson, M., Neyses, L., & Deaton, C. (2012) · Heart Failure Reviews · doi:10.1007/s10741-011-9252-4 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Smart, N., Haluska, B., Jeffriess, L., & Marwick, T. H. (2005) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2005.01.035 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Self-citationTaylor, R. S., Piepoli, M. F., Smart, N., Coats, A. J. S., Ellis, S., Dalal, H., O'Connor, C. M., Warren, F. C., Whellan, D., & Ciani, O. (2014) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.04.203 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Smart, N., & Marwick, T. H.
- Affiliations
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Marwick, Thomas H
- Venue
- The American Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-05
- Volume
- 116
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 693-706
- ISSN
- 0002-9343 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2012240715
- Cited by
- 414
- References
- 114
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 34 · 2012: 37
- FWCI
- 4.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The American Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Failure Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Keywords
- heart failure, exercise training, aerobic exercise, resistance training, inspiratory muscle training, peak oxygen uptake, exercise capacity, mortality, morbidity, adverse events, exercise safety
- MeSH terms
- Heart Failure, Humans, Middle Aged, Oxygen Consumption, Risk, Safety, Exercise, Risk Assessment
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
