Adverse effects of long-term Levothyroxine therapy in Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Open accessAbstract
Levothyroxine, also known as L-thyroxine, is a manufactured form of the thyroid hormone thyroxine which is considered to be a gold-standard therapy for treating an underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism). Some experts highlight benefits of LT4 replacement therapy, others specify the harmful effects of it, in regards to treating subclinical hypothyroidism. With respect to current guidelines for the consistent dosing of levothyroxine for treating hypothyroidism, we aim to highlight limitations of long-term use of Levothyroxine therapy in SCH. Apropos of the studies published to date, we look into the appropriate dosing of Levothyroxine in SCH by physicians.
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Long-term use of LT4 is a significant risk factor for the incidence of osteoporosis and bone fractures.
“Long-term use of LT4 has been identified as a significant risk factor for the incidence of osteoporosis and bone fractures [12, 13].”
From Effects of levothyroxine therapy on bone and mineral metabolism in hypothyroidism: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2025) · cites this paper as [13]
The Abstract reports an association between long-term levothyroxine therapy and increased risk of osteoporosis and fractures. It does not say the association is statistically significant or establish LT4 use as a causal risk factor, so the citing sentence is stronger than the source. (LLM, conf=0.82)
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Cites
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- Authors
- Ochani, S., Siddiqui, A., & Adnan, A.
- Affiliations
- Karachi Medical and Dental College (PK)
- Corresponding author
- Ochani, Sidhant
- Venue
- Annals of Medicine & Surgery
- Published
- 2022-04
- Volume
- 76
- Pages
- 103503-103503
- ISSN
- 2049-0801 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9052136
- OpenAlex
- W4224115610
- Cited by
- 15
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2
- FWCI
- 2.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Annals of Medicine and Surgery (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Keywords
- levothyroxine, subclinical hypothyroidism, adverse effects, hypothyroidism, levothyroxine dosing, thyroid hormone replacement
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