Silage processing and strategies to prevent persistence of undesirable microorganisms.
Abstract
Year-round access to good quality forage is a physiological priority for ruminants and an economic priority for farmers. Ensiling is a method for preserving moist crops based on organic acid production by lactic acid bacteria under anaerobic conditions. However, silage can be a vector for undesirable microorganisms, impairing crop preservation, animal performance or the health of both animals and humans.Major problems in silage processing are due to failure to apply good manufacturing practice (GMP). To improve silage preservation and guarantee the quality of this animal feed, silage additives such as chemicals, enzymes and bacterial agents can be employed.The purpose of the present paper is to review existing information on the desirable and undesirable microorganisms involved in silage processing, and possible methods, using GMP or silage additives, of limiting silage degradation and its economic effects and health impact on animals and humans.
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Improper incorporation of deteriorated feed from the top layers of the silo into the feed mixer could increase contamination of the ration with undesirable microorganisms, such as filamentous fungi, aerobic and anaerobic spores, and harmful mycotoxins.
“the improper incorporation of deteriorated feed from the top layers of the silo in the feed mixer could (1) increase contamination of the ration with undesirable microorganisms, such as filamentous fungi, aerobic and anaerobic spores (Borreani et al., 2013; Dunière et al., 2013), and harmful mycotoxins (Cavallarin et al., 2011; Wambacq et al., 2016)”
From Silage review: Factors affecting dry matter and quality losses in silages (2018) · cites this paper as Dunière et al., 2013
Fast acidification is a valuable characteristic for inoculants to preserve silage by inactivating plant proteases and reducing growth of pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms.
“Fast acidification is a valuable characteristic for inoculants to preserve the silage by both inactivating plant proteases and reducing the growth of pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms (Dunière et al., 2013; Queiroz et al., 2018).”
From Potential of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From Different Forages as Silage Inoculants for Improving Fermentation Quality and Aerobic Stability (2020) · cites this paper as Dunière et al., 2013
Some species of Bacillus, Clostridium, Listeria, Mycobacterium, Yersinia, Salmonella and Shiga-toxin-producing E. coli are associated with human or animal disease.
“Some species of Bacillus, Clostridium, Listeria, Mycobacterium, Yersinia and Salmonella and Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli are known to associate with disease of human or animal39.”
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References 153 · Cited by 335
- Authors
- Dunière, L., Sindou, J., Chaucheyras-Durand, F., Chevallier, I., & Thévenot-Sergentet, D.
- Affiliations
- Université de Lyon (FR)
- Lallemand (France) (FR)
- VetAgro Sup (FR)
- Lyon 1 Université (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Dunière, L.
- Venue
- Animal Feed Science and Technology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-06
- Volume
- 182
- Issue
- 1-4
- Pages
- 1-15
- ISSN
- 0377-8401 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1972572986
- Cited by
- 335
- References
- 153
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 21.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Animal Feed Science and Technology (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Keywords
- silage additives, silage spoilage, good manufacturing practices, lactic acid bacteria, silage preservation, ruminant nutrition, feed quality, mycotoxigenic fungi, animal health, human health risk
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