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Seasonal storage and alternative carriers: A flexible hydrogen supply chain model
Open accessAbstract
A viable hydrogen infrastructure is one of the main challenges for fuel cells in mobile applications. Several studies have investigated the most cost-efficient hydrogen supply chain structure, with a focus on hydrogen transportation. However, supply chain models based on hydrogen produced by electrolysis require additional seasonal hydrogen storage capacity to close the gap between fluctuation in renewable generation from surplus electricity and fuelling station demand. To address this issue, we developed a model that draws on and extends approaches in the literature with respect to long-term storage. Thus, we analyse Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHC) and show their potential impact on future hydrogen mobility. We demonstrate that LOHC-based pathways are highly promising especially for smaller-scale hydrogen demand and if storage in salt caverns remains uncompetitive, but emit more greenhouse gases (GHG) than other gaseous or hydrogen ones. Liquid hydrogen as a seasonal storage medium offers no advantage compared to LOHC or cavern storage since lower electricity prices for flexible operation cannot balance the investment costs of liquefaction plants. A well-to-wheel analysis indicates that all investigated pathways have less than 30% GHG-emissions compared to conventional fossil fuel pathways within a European framework.
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“Reuß et al.371 reported that H2 storage with the LOHC method had the highest CO2 emission (6.29 kgCO2/kgH2) and H2 storage with the liquefaction method had the lowest emission (0.52 kgCO2/kgH2).”
From Strategies To Improve the Performance of Hydrogen Storage Systems by Liquefaction Methods: A Comprehensive Review (2023) · cites this paper as [371]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Reuß, M., Grube, T., Robinius, M., Preuster, P., Wasserscheid, P., & Stolten, D.
- Affiliations
- Forschungszentrum Jülich (DE)
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Reuß, M.
- Venue
- Applied Energy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-08
- Volume
- 200
- Pages
- 290-302
- ISSN
- 0306-2619 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2614751296
- Cited by
- 722
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 79 · 2025: 96 · 2024: 109 · 2023: 118 · 2022: 93 · 2021: 83 · 2020: 68 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 8
- FWCI
- 20.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- erratum (2019-12-15)
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Applied Energy (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Helmholtz Association
- BMBF
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Energy Engineering and Power Technology › Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Integrated Energy Systems Optimization
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Hydrogen Storage and Materials
- Keywords
- hydrogen supply chain, seasonal hydrogen storage, liquid organic hydrogen carriers, salt cavern storage, liquid hydrogen, hydrogen mobility, well-to-wheel emissions, greenhouse gas emissions, hydrogen liquefaction, hydrogen transport, fuel cell vehicles
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