Cited by 146Stroke Rehabilitation and RecoveryBalance, Gait, and Falls PreventionDysphagia Assessment and Management

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Recovery of standing balance and functional mobility after stroke11No commercial party having a direct financial interest in the results of the research supporting this article has or will confer a benefit upon the author(s) or upon any organization with which the author(s) is/are associated.

Garland, S.Jayne, Willems, Deborah A, Ivanova, Tanya D, Miller, Kimberly J·2003·Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

DOI 10.1016/j.apmr.2003.03.002

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Abstract

Objective To examine the extent to which recovery of functional balance and mobility is accompanied by change in a few specific physiologic measures of postural control.Design Longitudinal prospective study.Setting Laboratory setting in Ontario.Participants Twenty-seven volunteers (age, 64.2+/-13.7y) undergoing 4 weeks of rehabilitation after stroke participated. At initial testing, patients were 32.7+/-18.4 days poststroke and exhibited a moderate level of motor recovery (lower-extremity and postural control, stages 3-4 on the Chedoke-McMaster Stroke Assessment Impairment Inventory).Interventions Not applicable.Main outcome measures Three functional measures (Berg Balance Scale, Clinical Outcome Variables Scale, gait speed) were assessed. Three physiologic measures (electromyographic data of hamstrings and soleus muscles bilaterally, postural sway, arm acceleration) were taken while subjects stood quietly on a force platform and while they performed a rapid shoulder flexion movement of the nonparetic upper extremity.Results After 1 month of rehabilitation, there was an overall significant improvement in all outcome measures (functional, physiologic). However, 10 patients failed to show any improvement in the electromyographic activation of hamstrings muscle on the paretic side in response to the rapid arm movement. These patients compensated by increasing the anticipatory activation of the nonparetic hamstrings.Conclusion After stroke, patients showed improvement in both physiologic and functional measures of balance and mobility over a 1-month period. We have identified some patients who may be using compensatory strategies to increase function. The factors that may predict those patients who are likely to use compensatory strategies awaits further study.

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Authors: Garland, S. J., Willems, D. A., Ivanova, T. D., & Miller, K. J.
Affiliations: Western University (CA)
London Health Sciences Centre (CA)
Corresponding author: Garland, S.Jayne
ORCID: Garland, S.Jayne
Ivanova, Tanya D
Miller, Kimberly J
Venue: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2003-12
Volume: 84
Issue: 12
Pages: 1753-1759
ISSN: 0003-9993 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2003.03.002
OpenAlex: W1966055130
Cited by: 146
References: 27
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 7
FWCI: 5.42
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
Health Sciences › Health Professions › Speech and Hearing › Dysphagia Assessment and Management
Keywords: stroke, postural control, balance recovery, functional mobility, walking speed, electromyography, anticipatory postural adjustments, compensatory strategies, postural sway, stroke rehabilitation, paretic side
MeSH terms: Stroke Rehabilitation, Aged, Electromyography, Postural Balance, Female, Gait, Humans, Leg, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Movement, Paresis, Posture, Prospective Studies, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Muscle, Skeletal, Recovery of Function, Stroke

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