Cited by 621Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitationSpine and Intervertebral Disc PathologyMedical Practices and Rehabilitation

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 76 of the 77 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Preliminary Development of a Clinical Prediction Rule for Determining Which Patients With Low Back Pain Will Respond to a Stabilization Exercise Program

Hicks, Gregory E., Fritz, Julie M., Delitto, Anthony, McGill, Stuart M.·2005·Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

DOI 10.1016/j.apmr.2005.03.033

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Objective To develop a clinical prediction rule to predict treatment response to a stabilization exercise program for patients with low back pain (LBP).Design A prospective, cohort study of patients with nonradicular LBP referred to physical therapy (PT).Setting Outpatient PT clinics.Participants Fifty-four patients with nonradicular LBP.Intervention A standardized stabilization exercise program.Main outcome measure Treatment response (success or failure) was categorized based on changes in the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire scores after 8 weeks.Results Eighteen subjects were categorized as treatment successes, 15 as treatment failures, and 21 as somewhat improved. After using regression analyses to determine the association between standardized examination variables and treatment response status, preliminary clinical prediction rules were developed for predicting success (positive likelihood ratio [LR], 4.0) and failure (negative LR, .18). The most important variables were age, straight-leg raise, prone instability test, aberrant motions, lumbar hypermobility, and fear-avoidance beliefs.Conclusions It appears that the response to a stabilization exercise program in patients with LBP can be predicted from variables collected from the clinical examination. The prediction rules could be used to determine whether patients with LBP are likely to benefit from stabilization exercises.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.apmr.2005.03.033

Cites

76 of 76 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

The Need for a New Medical Model: A Challenge for Biomedicine
Engel, G. L. (1977) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.847460 · Cited by 12,887
A Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ) and the role of fear-avoidance beliefs in chronic low back pain and disability.
Waddell, G., Newton, M., Henderson, I., Somerville, D., & Main, C. J. (1993) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(93)90127-b · Cited by 3,167
Clinical Biomechanics of the Spine
White, A. A., & Panjabi, M. M. (1978) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,265
1987 Volvo Award in Clinical Sciences: A New Clinical Model for the Treatment of Low-Back Pain
Waddell, G. (1987) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-198709000-00002 · Cited by 1,244
Multifidus Muscle Recovery Is Not Automatic After Resolution of Acute, First-Episode Low Back Pain
Hides, J. A., Richardson, C. A., & Jull, G. A. (1996) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-199612010-00011 · Cited by 1,117
Evaluation of Specific Stabilizing Exercise in the Treatment of Chronic Low Back Pain With Radiologic Diagnosis of Spondylolysis or Spondylolisthesis
O’Sullivan, P., Phyty, G. D. M., Twomey, L. T., & Allison, G. T. (1997) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-199712150-00020 · Cited by 1,105
Mechanical stability of the in vivo lumbar spine: implications for injury and chronic low back pain
Cholewicki, J., & McGill, S. (1996) · Clinical Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/0268-0033(95)00035-6 · Cited by 1,095
A Comparison of a Modified Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire and the Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale
Fritz, J. M., & Irrgang, J. J. (2001) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/81.2.776 · Cited by 1,060
Contraction of the Abdominal Muscles Associated With Movement of the Lower Limb
Hodges, P. W., & Richardson, C. A. (1997) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/77.2.132 · Cited by 890
Long-Term Effects of Specific Stabilizing Exercises for First-Episode Low Back Pain
Hides, J. A., Jull, G. A., & Richardson, C. A. (2001) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-200106010-00004 · Cited by 842

Show all 77 references

Research works printed but not linked: 1

Spitzer, 1987, Approach to the problem, Spine, 12, 9

Sorted by citations

The fear-avoidance model of musculoskeletal pain: Current state of scientific evidence
Leeuw, M., Goossens, M. E. J. B., Linton, S. J., Crombez, G., Boersma, K., & Vlaeyen, J. W. S. (2007) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-006-9085-0 · Cited by 2,261
“…that especially for high fear avoiders a regular exercise program was more effective than usual general practitioner care (Klaber Moffett et al., 2004), whereas lower fear avoidance beliefs were associated with less favorable outcomes following a stabilization exercise program (Hicks et al., 2005).”
Background
A primary care back pain screening tool: identifying patient subgroups for initial treatment
Hill, J. C., Dunn, K. M., Lewis, M., Mullis, R., Main, C. J., Foster, N. E., & Hay, E. M. (2008) · Arthritis Care & Research · doi:10.1002/art.23563 · Cited by 1,052
Core Stability Exercise Principles
Akuthota, V., Ferreiro, A., Moore, T., & Fredericson, M. (2008) · Current Sports Medicine Reports · doi:10.1097/01.csmr.0000308663.13278.69 · Cited by 711
“An example of an evidencebased core stability program is provided in Table 2 (28,29).”
Background
Low Back Pain
Delitto, A., George, S. Z., Dillen, L. V., Whitman, J. M., Sowa, G., Shekelle, P., Denninger, T. R., & Godges, J. J. (2012) · Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.2519/jospt.2012.42.4.a1 · Cited by 1,219
Exercise interventions for the treatment of chronic low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Searle, A., Spink, M., Ho, A., & Chuter, V. (2015) · Clinical Rehabilitation · doi:10.1177/0269215515570379 · Cited by 555
Identifying Subgroups of Patients With Acute/Subacute “Nonspecific” Low Back Pain
Brennan, G. P., Fritz, J. M., Hunter, S. J., Thackeray, A., Delitto, A., & Erhard, R. E. (2006) · Spine · doi:10.1097/01.brs.0000202807.72292.a8 · Cited by 447
A Systematic Review of the Effects of Exercise and Physical Activity on Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain
Gordon, R., & Bloxham, S. (2016) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare4020022 · Cited by 394
“Four variables exist which may determine the success of a stabilisation exercise programme for CLBP [94].”
Background
Motor Control Exercise for Persistent, Nonspecific Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review
Macedo, L. G., Maher, C. G., Latimer, J., & McAuley, J. H. (2008) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.2522/ptj.20080103 · Cited by 366
Subgrouping Patients With Low Back Pain: Evolution of a Classification Approach to Physical Therapy
Fritz, J. M., Cleland, J. A., & Childs, J. D. (2007) · Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.2519/jospt.2007.2498 · Cited by 336
Core Training: Evidence Translating to Better Performance and Injury Prevention
McGill, S. M. (2010) · Strength and conditioning journal · doi:10.1519/ssc.0b013e3181df4521 · Cited by 326
Development of a Clinical Prediction Rule for Guiding Treatment of a Subgroup of Patients With Neck Pain: Use of Thoracic Spine Manipulation, Exercise, and Patient Education
Cleland, J. A., Childs, J. D., Fritz, J. M., Whitman, J. M., & Eberhart, S. L. (2007) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.2522/ptj.20060155 · Cited by 323
Rehabilitative Ultrasound Imaging of the Abdominal Muscles
Teyhen, D. S., Gill, N. W., Whittaker, J. L., Henry, S. M., Hides, J. A., & Hodges, P. W. (2007) · Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.2519/jospt.2007.2558 · Cited by 264
Diagnosis and conservative management of degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis
Kalichman, L., & Hunter, D. J. (2007) · European Spine Journal · doi:10.1007/s00586-007-0543-3 · Cited by 251
“[25] developed a clinical rule to predict treatment response to a stabilization exercise program for patients with LBP.”
Background
Does Adherence to the Guideline Recommendation for Active Treatments Improve the Quality of Care for Patients With Acute Low Back Pain Delivered by Physical Therapists?
Fritz, J. M., Cleland, J. A., & Brennan, G. P. (2007) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/mlr.0b013e318070c6cd · Cited by 239
“This threshold has been used in previous studies examining the outcomes of patients with LBP receiving physical therapy.(35,36) The minimum clinically important difference (MCID) for the OSW has been defined as 6 points.”
Method
Quantification of Lumbar Stability by Using 2 Different Abdominal Activation Strategies
Grenier, S. G., & McGill, S. M. (2007) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2006.10.014 · Cited by 238
Muscle Control and Non-specific Chronic Low Back Pain
Russo, M., Deckers, K., Eldabe, S., Kiesel, K., Gilligan, C., Vieceli, J., & Crosby, P. (2018) · Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface · doi:10.1111/ner.12738 · Cited by 222
“In another study (95), subjects with LBP (a sample of 105 with an average duration of 65 days) who had a positive PIT in conjunction with aberrant movement patterns were shown to have reduced disability and pain following a course of motor control re-training exercises when compared to those subjects who did not have…”
BackgroundInfluential
Exercises for Spine Stabilization: Motion/Motor Patterns, Stability Progressions, and Clinical Technique
McGill, S. M., & Karpowicz, A. (2009) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2008.06.026 · Cited by 210
Subgrouping low back pain: a comparison of the STarT Back Tool with the Orebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire
Hill, J. C., Dunn, K. M., Main, C. J., & Hay, E. M. (2010) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2009.01.003 · Cited by 207
“Several back pain clinical tools exist to aid clinicians in identifying patients either ‘at risk’ of chronicity or to improve targeting of treatment (Childs et al., 2004; Hicks et al., 2005; Dionne et al., 2005; Truchon and Cote, 2005; Duijts et al., 2006; Neubauer et al., 2006; Denison et al., 2007).”
Background
Stratified models of care
Foster, N. E., Hill, J. C., O’Sullivan, P., & Hancock, M. J. (2013) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology · doi:10.1016/j.berh.2013.10.005 · Cited by 206
Psychometric Properties of the Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire and Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia in Patients With Shoulder Pain
Mintken, P. E., Cleland, J. A., Whitman, J. M., & George, S. Z. (2010) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2010.04.009 · Cited by 199
Psychosocial Influences on Low Back Pain, Disability, and Response to Treatment
Hill, J. C., & Fritz, J. M. (2011) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.2522/ptj.20100280 · Cited by 199
Psychometric Properties of the Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire and Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia in Patients with Neck Pain
Cleland, J. A., Fritz, J. M., & Childs, J. D. (2008) · American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/phm.0b013e31815b61f1 · Cited by 189
Relationships Among Lateral Abdominal Muscles, Gender, Body Mass Index, and Hand Dominance
Springer, B. A., Mielcarek, B. J., Nesfield, T. K., & Teyhen, D. S. (2006) · Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.2519/jospt.2006.2217 · Cited by 187
Chronic non-specific low back pain – sub-groups or a single mechanism?
Wand, B. M., & O'Connell, N. E. (2008) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/1471-2474-9-11 · Cited by 194
“Research on ALBP, for example, has identified distinct and theoretically plausible clinical profiles that predict success from manipulation [85] and stability training [86] and preliminary evidence suggests that grouping patients this way makes a significant difference to outcome [87,88].”
Background
Is muscle co-activation a predisposing factor for low back pain development during standing? A multifactorial approach for early identification of at-risk individuals
Nelson-Wong, E., & Callaghan, J. P. (2009) · Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology · doi:10.1016/j.jelekin.2009.04.009 · Cited by 181
Lumbar Spine Segmental Mobility Assessment: An Examination of Validity for Determining Intervention Strategies in Patients With Low Back Pain
Fritz, J. M., Whitman, J. M., & Childs, J. D. (2005) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2005.03.028 · Cited by 169
Evidence-informed management of chronic low back pain with lumbar stabilization exercises
Standaert, C. J., Weinstein, S. M., & Rumpeltes, J. (2008) · The Spine Journal · doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2007.10.015 · Cited by 167
“Other authors, particularly McGill and colleagues, have addressed additional aspects of stabilization training to emphasize broader and more integrative approaches and effects [20,25,26].”
Background
Stabilization exercise compared to general exercises or manual therapy for the management of low back pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Gomes-Neto, M., Lopes, J. M., Conceição, C. S., Araujo, A., Brasileiro, A., Sousa, C., Carvalho, V. O., & Arcanjo, F. L. (2017) · Physical Therapy in Sport · doi:10.1016/j.ptsp.2016.08.004 · Cited by 156
A Comparison of Select Trunk Muscle Thickness Change Between Subjects With Low Back Pain Classified in the Treatment-Based Classification System and Asymptomatic Controls
Kiesel, K. B., Underwood, F. B., Mattacola, C. G., Nitz, A. J., & Malone, T. (2007) · Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.2519/jospt.2007.2574 · Cited by 153
A Clinical Tool for Office Assessment of Lumbar Spine Stabilization Endurance
Schellenberg, K. L., Lang, J. M., Chan, K. M., & Burnham, R. S. (2007) · American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/phm.0b013e318032156a · Cited by 150
“Prone and supine bridging test–retest reliability in this study was good, but it was not as strong as that described by Hicks et al.(8) The reliability of the prone TABLE 4 The relationship of bridging endurance and ratios to gender and reasons for discontinuing bridge maneuvers in asymptomatic subjects”
Method
Investigation of Elevated Fear-Avoidance Beliefs for Patients With Low Back Pain: A Secondary Analysis Involving Patients Enrolled in Physical Therapy Clinical Trials
George, S. Z., Fritz, J. M., & Childs, J. D. (2008) · Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.2519/jospt.2008.2647 · Cited by 148
Self-citation
Some Factors Predict Successful Short-Term Outcomes in Individuals With Shoulder Pain Receiving Cervicothoracic Manipulation: A Single-Arm Trial
Mintken, P. E., Cleland, J., Carpenter, K. J., Bieniek, M. L., Keirns, M. A., & Whitman, J. M. (2010) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.2522/ptj.20090095 · Cited by 133
Differences in Feedforward Trunk Muscle Activity in Subgroups of Patients With Mechanical Low Back Pain
Silfies, S. P., Mehta, R., Smith, S. S., & Karduna, A. R. (2009) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2008.10.033 · Cited by 141
Effectiveness of an Extension-Oriented Treatment Approach in a Subgroup of Subjects With Low Back Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Browder, D. A., Childs, J. D., Cleland, J., & Fritz, J. M. (2007) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.2522/ptj.20060297 · Cited by 140
A randomized trial of behavioral physical therapy interventions for acute and sub-acute low back pain (NCT00373867)
George, S. Z., Zeppieri, G., Cere, A. L., Cere, M. R., Borut, M. S., Hodges, M. J., Reed, D. M., Valencia, C., & Robinson, M. E. (2008) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2008.07.029 · Cited by 134
“In the current trial, empirically generated clinical prediction rules guided treatment decisions [5,12,20].”
Background
Clinical prediction rules: What are they and what do they tell us?
Beattie, P., & Nelson, R. M. (2006) · Australian Journal of Physiotherapy · doi:10.1016/s0004-9514(06)70024-1 · Cited by 141
Psychosocial Interventions for Low Back Pain in Primary Care
van der Windt, D., Hay, E. M., Jellema, P., & Main, C. J. (2008) · Spine · doi:10.1097/brs.0b013e31815e39f9 · Cited by 136
Evaluation of a Treatment-Based Classification Algorithm for Low Back Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study
Stanton, T. R., Fritz, J. M., Hancock, M. J., Latimer, J., Maher, C. G., Wand, B. M., & Parent, E. C. (2011) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.2522/ptj.20100272 · Cited by 133
Self-citation
Clinical update: low back pain
Balagué, F., Mannion, A. F., Pellisé, F., & Cedraschi, C. (2007) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(07)60340-7 · Cited by 129
An Examination of the Reliability of a Classification Algorithm for Subgrouping Patients With Low Back Pain
Fritz, J. M., Brennan, G. P., Clifford, S. N., Hunter, S. J., & Thackeray, A. (2005) · Spine · doi:10.1097/01.brs.0000193898.14803.8a · Cited by 129
Research priorities for non-pharmacological therapies for common musculoskeletal problems: nationally and internationally agreed recommendations
Foster, N. E., Dziedzic, K., van der Windt, D., Fritz, J. M., & Hay, E. M. (2009) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/1471-2474-10-3 · Cited by 127
Lumbar Stabilization
Barr, K. P., Griggs, M., & Cadby, T. (2006) · American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/01.phm.0000250566.44629.a0 · Cited by 124
“The purpose of this article is to review the literature regarding the efficacy of LSPs and to describe an evidence-based clinical approach to a patient’s back pain to prescribe a LSP.”
BackgroundInfluential
Feedforward Responses of Transversus Abdominis Are Directionally Specific and Act Asymmetrically: Implications for Core Stability Theories
Allison, G. T., Morris, S. L., & Lay, B. S. (2008) · Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.2519/jospt.2008.2703 · Cited by 124
A randomised clinical trial of subgrouping and targeted treatment for low back pain compared with best current care. The STarT Back Trial Study Protocol
Hay, E. M., Dunn, K. M., Hill, J. C., Lewis, M., Mason, E. E., Konstantinou, K., Sowden, G., Somerville, S., Vohora, K., Whitehurst, D. G. T., et al. (2008) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/1471-2474-9-58 · Cited by 123
“[25] Researchers in some settings have developed clinical prediction rules to identify patients who are more likely to respond to specific treatments.[26,27] Other groups have developed and validated screening tools that identify patients at risk of work absence.”
Treatment-Based Classification System for Low Back Pain: Revision and Update
Alrwaily, M., Timko, M. G., Schneider, M., Stevans, J. M., Bise, C. G., Hariharan, K. V., & Delitto, A. (2015) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.2522/ptj.20150345 · Cited by 119
Is There a Subgroup of Patients With Low Back Pain Likely to Benefit From Mechanical Traction?
Fritz, J. M., Lindsay, W., Matheson, J. W., Brennan, G. P., Hunter, S. J., Moffit, S. D., Swalberg, A., & Rodriquez, B. (2007) · Spine · doi:10.1097/brs.0b013e31815d001a · Cited by 116
“Consistent with other studies of nonoperative interventions for individuals with LBP, subjects with a percentage change of 50% or greater were categorized as having a successful treatment outcome.(38,39) Subjects with less than 50% improvements were categorized as a nonsuccessful outcome.”
Beyond Minimally Important Change
Fritz, J. M., Hébert, J. J., Koppenhaver, S. L., & Parent, É. (2009) · Spine · doi:10.1097/brs.0b013e3181ae2bd4 · Cited by 108
A Clinical Prediction Rule to Identify Patients With Low Back Pain Who Are Likely to Experience Short-Term Success Following Lumbar Stabilization Exercises: A Randomized Controlled Validation Study
Rabin, A., Shashua, A., Pizem, K., Dickstein, R., & Dar, G. (2013) · Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.2519/jospt.2014.4888 · Cited by 108
Research methods for subgrouping low back pain
Kent, P. M., Keating, J. L., & Leboeuf‐Yde, C. (2010) · BMC Medical Research Methodology · doi:10.1186/1471-2288-10-62 · Cited by 108
“Other systems aim to identify people likely to respond favourably to particular treatment regimens (treatment effect modifier subgroups) [13-15], while other systems aim to identify people with particular prognoses (prognostic factor subgroups) - such as those at risk of chronicity [10].”
Development of a Clinical Prediction Rule to Identify Patients With Neck Pain Likely to Benefit From Thrust Joint Manipulation to the Cervical Spine
Puentedura, E. J., Cleland, J. A., Landers, M. R., Mintken, P. E., Louw, A., & Fernández‐de‐las‐Peñas, C. (2012) · Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.2519/jospt.2012.4243 · Cited by 102
Predicting Sports Injuries with Wearable Technology and Data Analysis
Zadeh, A. H., Taylor, D., Bertsos, M., Tillman, T., Nosoudi, N., & Bruce, S. (2020) · Information Systems Frontiers · doi:10.1007/s10796-020-10018-3 · Cited by 101
“…Springer et al. 2000; Billings 2004; Sutlive et al. 2008) physical therapy, (Beneciuk et al. 2009; Childs and Cleland 2006; Cleland et al. 2007; Hicks et al. 2005; Iverson et al. 2008; Wainner et al. 2005) and orthopedics (Leisey 2004; Flynn et al. 2002; Kuijpers et al. 2006; Yuen 2001;…”
Trunk control during standing reach: A dynamical system analysis of movement strategies in patients with mechanical low back pain
Silfies, S. P., Bhattacharya, A., Biely, S. A., Smith, S. S., & Giszter, S. F. (2008) · Gait & Posture · doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2008.10.053 · Cited by 98
Critical Appraisal of Clinical Prediction Rules That Aim to Optimize Treatment Selection for Musculoskeletal Conditions
Stanton, T. R., Hancock, M. J., Maher, C. G., & Koes, B. W. (2010) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.2522/ptj.20090233 · Cited by 97
Changes in muscle activation patterns and subjective low back pain ratings during prolonged standing in response to an exercise intervention
Nelson-Wong, E., & Callaghan, J. P. (2010) · Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology · doi:10.1016/j.jelekin.2010.07.007 · Cited by 96
“exercise intervention in patients with low back pain, with a primary focus on identification of predictive factors for positive outcomes with this intervention (Hicks et al., 2005).”
Background
Spinal Palpation for Lumbar Segmental Mobility and Pain Provocation: An Interexaminer Reliability Study
Schneider, M., Erhard, R. E., Brach, J. S., Tellin, W. G., Imbarlina, F., & Delitto, A. (2008) · Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.jmpt.2008.06.004 · Cited by 94
Differences in transverse abdominis activation with stable and unstable bridging exercises in individuals with low back pain.
SALIBA, S. A., Croy, T., Guthrie, R., Grooms, D. R., WELTMAN, A. L., & Grindstaff, T. L. (2010) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 94
Centralization and directional preference: A systematic review
May, S., & Aina, A. (2012) · Manual Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.math.2012.05.003 · Cited by 91
The Effect of Abdominal Stabilization Contractions on Posteroanterior Spinal Stiffness
Stanton, T. R., & Kawchuk, G. N. (2008) · Spine · doi:10.1097/brs.0b013e318166e034 · Cited by 91
Muscle Activation Changes After Exercise Rehabilitation for Chronic Low Back Pain
Marshall, P. W., & Murphy, B. A. (2008) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2007.11.051 · Cited by 91
Clinical Prediction Rules for Physical Therapy Interventions: A Systematic Review
Beneciuk, J. M., Bishop, M. D., & George, S. Z. (2008) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.2522/ptj.20080239 · Cited by 95
Rehabilitative Ultrasound Imaging Symposium, May 8-10, 2006, San Antonio, Texas
Teyhen, D. S. (2006) · Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.2519/jospt.2006.0301 · Cited by 94
Predicting Short-Term Response to Thrust and Nonthrust Manipulation and Exercise in Patients Post Inversion Ankle Sprain
Whitman, J. M., Cleland, J. A., Mintken, P. E., Keirns, M., Bieniek, M. L., Albin, S. R., Magel, J. S., & McPoil, T. G. (2008) · Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.2519/jospt.2009.2940 · Cited by 89
The Relationship of Transversus Abdominis and Lumbar Multifidus Activation and Prognostic Factors for Clinical Success With a Stabilization Exercise Program: A Cross-Sectional Study
Hébert, J. J., Koppenhaver, S. L., Magel, J. S., & Fritz, J. M. (2010) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2009.08.146 · Cited by 89
The effects of gluteus muscle strengthening exercise and lumbar stabilization exercise on lumbar muscle strength and balance in chronic low back pain patients
Jeong, U.-C., Sim, J.-H., Kim, C.-Y., Hwangbo, G., & Nam, C.-W. (2015) · Journal of Physical Therapy Science · doi:10.1589/jpts.27.3813 · Cited by 96
Segmental lumbar mobility in individuals with low back pain: in vivo assessment during manual and self-imposed motion using dynamic MRI
Kulig, K., Powers, C. M., Landel, R. F., Chen, H., Fredericson, M., Guillet, M., & Butts, K. (2007) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/1471-2474-8-8 · Cited by 88
Randomized trial of two physiotherapy interventions for primary care neck and back pain patients: 'McKenzie' vs brief physiotherapy pain management
Moffett, J. K., Jackson, D. A., Gardiner, E., Torgerson, D. J., Coulton, S., Eaton, S., Mooney, M. P., Pickering, C., Green, A. J., Walker, L. G., et al. (2006) · Rheumatology · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kel339 · Cited by 88
“There is some evidence to suggest that better treatment outcomes may be obtained from physical treatment when the treatment is tailored to a specific classification category [37, 38].”
Background
Effects of the CORE Exercise Program on Pain and Active Range of Motion in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain
Cho, H.-Y., Kim, E.-H., & Kim, J. (2014) · Journal of Physical Therapy Science · doi:10.1589/jpts.26.1237 · Cited by 82
A literature review of clinical tests for lumbar instability in low back pain: validity and applicability in clinical practice
Ferrari, S., Manni, T., Bonetti, F., Villafañe, J. H., & Vanti, C. (2015) · Chiropractic & Manual Therapies · doi:10.1186/s12998-015-0058-7 · Cited by 81
“However, positive results on AMP and PIT, which demonstrated moderate sensitivity and specificity, were considered predictive for a favorable response to stabilization exercises [32].”
Background
Sustainability effects of motor control stabilisation exercises on pain and function in chronic nonspecific low back pain patients: A systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression
Niederer, D., & Mueller, J. (2020) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0227423 · Cited by 80
Development of Active Hip Abduction as a Screening Test for Identifying Occupational Low Back Pain
Nelson-Wong, E., Flynn, T. W., & Callaghan, J. P. (2009) · Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.2519/jospt.2009.3093 · Cited by 78
Kinematic analysis of dynamic lumbar motion in patients with lumbar segmental instability using digital videofluoroscopy
Ahmadi, A., Maroufi, N., Behtash, H., Zekavat, H., & Parnianpour, M. (2009) · European Spine Journal · doi:10.1007/s00586-009-1147-x · Cited by 79
“Healthy subjects were matched with patients (in weight, height, body mass index, BMI and age) and excluded if they had experienced LBP 1 year before the study (Table 1). Patients were examined by a spine surgeon and diagnosed with LSI according to screening criteria adopted from Hicks et al. [ 36 ] which requires havi…”
MethodResult
Course and prognosis of back pain in primary care: The epidemiological perspective
Croft, P. R., Dunn, K. M., & Raspe, H. H. (2006) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2006.01.023 · Cited by 78
“Although not widely tested, trials involving selection and targeting of treatment are beginning to show some positive results (Long et al., 2004; Hicks et al., 2005).”
Background
Lumbar functional instability: a critical appraisal of the literature
Demoulin, C., Distree, V., Tomasella, M., Crielaard, J.-M., & Vanderthommen, M. (2007) · Annales de Réadaptation et de Médecine Physique · doi:10.1016/j.annrmp.2007.05.007 · Cited by 77
Development of a clinical prediction rule to identify patients with neck pain likely to benefit from cervical traction and exercise
Raney, N. H., Petersen, E. J., Smith, T., Cowan, J. E., Rendeiro, D. G., Deyle, G. D., & Childs, J. D. (2009) · European Spine Journal · doi:10.1007/s00586-008-0859-7 · Cited by 77
“In contrast to other studies which identified predictor variables for treatment success [19, 28], we elected to use the patient’s perceived recovery rather than a region-specific disability measure such as the NDI to judge a patient’s success.”
Result
A Randomized Controlled Trial on the Effectiveness of a Classification-Based System for Subacute and Chronic Low Back Pain
Apeldoorn, A. T., Ostelo, R. W., van Helvoirt, H., Fritz, J. M., Knol, D. L., van Tulder, M. W., & de Vet, H. C. (2012) · Spine · doi:10.1097/brs.0b013e31824d9f2b · Cited by 74
Self-citation
Core Stabilization Exercise Prescription, Part I
Brumitt, J., Matheson, J. W., & Meira, E. P. (2013) · Sports Health A Multidisciplinary Approach · doi:10.1177/1941738113502451 · Cited by 75
“Assessment of FLSI is challenged by the diagnostic accuracy of clinical tests; however, symptoms associated with FLSI may be amenable to stabilization exercises.(1,5,14,15,19,20)”
Background
Dose-response-relationship of stabilisation exercises in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain: a systematic review with meta-regression
Mueller, J., & Niederer, D. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-73954-9 · Cited by 72
The basis for spinal manipulation: Chiropractic perspective of indications and theory
Henderson, C. N. R. (2012) · Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology · doi:10.1016/j.jelekin.2012.03.008 · Cited by 73
“Chiropractors treat compensatory intervertebral hyper-mobility with SM directed to hypomobile spine segments, often with adjunctive active stabilization exercise programs (Hicks et al., 2005; Peterson and Gatterman, 2005).”
Background
Stabilisation exercises for low back pain: a systematic review
May, S., & Johnson, R. (2008) · Physiotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.physio.2007.08.010 · Cited by 76
Inter- and Intrarater Reliability of Clinical Tests Associated With Functional Lumbar Segmental Instability and Motor Control Impairment in Patients With Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review
Denteneer, L., Stassijns, G., Hertogh, W. D., Truijen, S., & Daele, U. V. (2016) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2016.07.020 · Cited by 70
Pilates Exercise or Stationary Cycling for Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain
Marshall, P. W., Kennedy, S., Brooks, C., & Lonsdale, C. (2013) · Spine · doi:10.1097/brs.0b013e318297c1e5 · Cited by 74
An educational approach based on a non-injury model compared with individual symptom-based physical training in chronic LBP. A pragmatic, randomised trial with a one-year follow-up
Sørensen, P. H., Bendix, T., Manniche, C., Korsholm, L., Lemvigh, D., & Indahl, A. (2010) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/1471-2474-11-212 · Cited by 73
“However, some further selection criteria have been elaborated since we started,[68] and therefore it could be that more accurate selection of patients for this treatment might have given different results.”
Result
Outcomes are not different for patient-matched versus nonmatched treatment in subjects with chronic recurrent low back pain: a randomized clinical trial
Henry, S. M., Dillen, L. R. V., Ouellette-Morton, R. H., Hitt, J. R., Lomond, K. V., DeSarno, M., & Bunn, J. Y. (2014) · The Spine Journal · doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2014.03.024 · Cited by 69
Motor control or graded activity exercises for chronic low back pain? A randomised controlled trial
Macedo, L. G., Latimer, J., Maher, C. G., Hodges, P. W., Nicholas, M., Tonkin, L., McAuley, J. H., & Stafford, R. (2008) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/1471-2474-9-65 · Cited by 69
“Around 60–80% of the population will at some time exhibit low back pain [2-5] and of these 70 to 80% will have at least one recurrence [6].”
The Centralization Phenomenon and Fear-Avoidance Beliefs as Prognostic Factors for Acute Low Back Pain: A Preliminary Investigation Involving Patients Classified for Specific Exercise
George, S. Z., Bialosky, J. E., & Donald, D. A. (2005) · Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.2519/jospt.2005.35.9.580 · Cited by 68
Differences across health care systems in outcome and cost-utility of surgical and conservative treatment of chronic low back pain: a study protocol
Melloh, M., Röder, C., Elfering, A., Theis, J., Müller, U., Staub, L., Aghayev, E., Zweig, T., Barz, T., Kohlmann, T., et al. (2008) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/1471-2474-9-81 · Cited by 69
Clinical prediction rules in the physiotherapy management of low back pain: A systematic review
Haskins, R., Rivett, D. A., & Osmotherly, P. G. (2011) · Manual Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.math.2011.05.001 · Cited by 71
“Stabilisation exercise e failure Prone instability test, aberrant movement, hypermobility, FABQ physical activity subscale > 8 (4 variables) Hicks et al., 2005 Derivation n ¼ 54, LBP þ/ leg pain, referred to outpatient physiotherapy clinics, mean 42.4 years old, 57% female, mean 41 days of…”
BackgroundInfluential
Yoga vs. physical therapy vs. education for chronic low back pain in predominantly minority populations: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Saper, R. B., Sherman, K. J., Delitto, A., Herman, P. M., Stevans, J. M., Paris, R., Keosaian, J. E., Cerrada, C. J., Lemaster, C. M., Faulkner, C. L., et al. (2014) · Trials · doi:10.1186/1745-6215-15-67 · Cited by 69
“Stabilization participants receive exercises to strengthen core trunk muscles (Table 5) [69].”
Background
Effect of slump stretching versus lumbar mobilization with exercise in subjects with non-radicular low back pain: a randomized clinical trial
Nagrale, A. V., Patil, S. P., Gandhi, R. A., & Learman, K. (2012) · Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy · doi:10.1179/2042618611y.0000000015 · Cited by 69
Clinical Observation of Standing Trunk Movements: What Do the Aberrant Movement Patterns Tell Us?
Biely, S. A., Silfies, S. P., Smith, S. S., & Hicks, G. E. (2014) · Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.2519/jospt.2014.4988 · Cited by 66
Self-citation
The Hip’s Influence on Low Back Pain: A Distal Link to a Proximal Problem
Reiman, M. P., Weisbach, P. C., & Glynn, P. E. (2009) · Journal of Sport Rehabilitation · doi:10.1123/jsr.18.1.24 · Cited by 65
Physical Therapy Utilization of Graded Exposure for Patients With Low Back Pain
George, S. Z., & Zeppieri, G. (2009) · Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.2519/jospt.2009.2983 · Cited by 67
Subclassification of low back pain: a cross-country comparison
Billis, E. V., McCarthy, C. J., & Oldham, J. A. (2007) · European Spine Journal · doi:10.1007/s00586-007-0313-2 · Cited by 64
“[46] utilized a prediction rule for identifying patients likely to respond to a stabilization exercise programme.”
Method
Manual physical assessment of spinal segmental motion: Intent and validity
Abbott, J. H., Flynn, T. W., Fritz, J. M., Hing, W. A., Reid, D. A., & Whitman, J. M. (2007) · Manual Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.math.2007.09.011 · Cited by 64
Predictive validity of initial fear avoidance beliefs in patients with low back pain receiving physical therapy: is the FABQ a useful screening tool for identifying patients at risk for a poor recovery?
Cleland, J. A., Fritz, J. M., & Brennan, G. P. (2007) · European Spine Journal · doi:10.1007/s00586-007-0511-y · Cited by 64
Prognostic factors for recovery from postpartum pelvic girdle pain
Vøllestad, N. K., & Stuge, B. (2009) · European Spine Journal · doi:10.1007/s00586-009-0911-2 · Cited by 63
“2 for the final multivariate model as some authors have done previously [15].”
Result
The effects of stabilizing exercises on pain and disability of patients with lumbar segmental instability
Javadian, Y., Behtash, H., Akbari, M., Taghipour‐Darzi, M., & Zekavat, H. (2012) · Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation · doi:10.3233/bmr-2012-0321 · Cited by 62
“[14].”
Influential
Trunk motor control deficits in acute and subacute low back pain are not associated with pain or fear of movement
Sung, W., Abraham, M., Plastaras, C. T., & Silfies, S. P. (2015) · The Spine Journal · doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2015.04.010 · Cited by 62
“A detailed description of the clinical tests and criteria used in the CPR can be 7 found in the appendix of the Hicks et al (2005) study [39].”
Influential
Fluoroscopic Video to Identify Aberrant Lumbar Motion
Teyhen, D. S., Flynn, T. W., Childs, J. D., Kuklo, T. R., Rosner, M. K., Polly, D. W., & Abraham, L. D. (2007) · Spine · doi:10.1097/01.brs.0000259206.38946.cb · Cited by 60
Association Between Directional Preference and Centralization in Patients With Low Back Pain
Werneke, M. W., Hart, D. L., Cutrone, G., Oliver, D., McGill, M. T., Weinberg, J. R., Grigsby, D., Oswald, W., & Ward, J. (2010) · Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.2519/jospt.2011.3415 · Cited by 59

Authors: Hicks, G. E., Fritz, J. M., Delitto, A., & McGill, S. M.
Affiliations: University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
University of Utah (US)
University of Pittsburgh (US)
University of Waterloo (CA)
Corresponding author: Hicks, Gregory E.
ORCID: Hicks, Gregory E.
Fritz, Julie M.
Delitto, Anthony
McGill, Stuart M.
Venue: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2005-09
Volume: 86
Issue: 9
Pages: 1753-1762
ISSN: 0003-9993 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2005.03.033
OpenAlex: W2124409697
Cited by: 621
References: 77
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 45 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 38 · 2012: 50
FWCI: 22.54
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology
Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Medical Practices and Rehabilitation
Keywords: low back pain, stabilization exercises, clinical prediction rules, treatment response prediction, physiotherapy, Oswestry Disability Index, straight leg raise, fear-avoidance beliefs, age
MeSH terms: Adult, Exercise Therapy, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pain Measurement, Predictive Value of Tests, Probability, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index, Cohort Studies, Confidence Intervals, Treatment Outcome, Low Back Pain, Physical Therapy Modalities

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Preliminary Development of a Clinical Prediction Rule for Determining Which Patients With Low Back Pain Will Respond to a Stabilization Exercise Program

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks