Cited by 210Eating Disorders and BehaviorsNutrition, Health and Food BehaviorRegulation of Appetite and Obesity

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Good mood food. Positive emotion as a neglected trigger for food intake

Evers, Catharine, Adriaanse, Marieke, de Ridder, Denise T.D., de Witt Huberts, Jessie C.·2013·Appetite

DOI 10.1016/j.appet.2013.04.007

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Abstract

Unlabelled Research on emotions as a trigger for food intake has mainly been focused on the role of negative emotions. In the present studies the role of positive emotions as a trigger for food intake is investigated in a sample of healthy participants with a normal weight. Two laboratory studies were conducted in which positive emotions or no emotions were induced (Study 1) or in addition negative emotions were induced (Study 2) after which unhealthy food intake was assessed by bogus taste tests. In Study 3, food intake was assessed by registering snack intake in a 7-day diary study together with the emotions accompanying each snacking episode to provide a more ecologically valid test of our hypothesis. Studies 1 and 2 showed that positive emotions, compared to the control conditions, evoked more caloric intake. Dietary restraint did not moderate this effect. Study 2 additionally showed that positive emotions evoked caloric intake to the same extent as negative emotions. Study 3 showed that snack intake in daily life was reported to result from positive emotions more frequently than from negative emotions.Conclusions Positive emotions serve as an important but under-investigated trigger for unhealthy food intake that deserves further scrutiny. Future research should further investigate whether food intake results from emotional arousal in general, or from emotional valence in particular.

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Understanding eating and drinking behaviours in Pakistani university students
Sadia, A. (2022) · Queensland University of Technology · doi:10.5204/thesis.eprints.237052 · Cited by 1
With food in mind
Pimpini, L. (2023) · doi:10.26481/dis.20231110lp · Cited by 1
Consumer Evaluation of Cheese: Linking Hedonics, Emotions and Perception of Product Attributes
Martinez, K. P. (2014) · doi:10.15368/theses.2014.59
Sotsiaal- ja Haridusteaduskond
Instituut, P., & Sultson, H. (2013)
Food and emotions: Assessing the effects of food behaviors and prior associations on the emotional response to food consumption
Osdoba, K. E. (2015) · University of Minnesota Digital Conservancy (University of Minnesota)
Exploring the Relationship Between Chocolate Cake-Related Guilt, Eating,
Castañeda, P. M. (2015)
Mood and Delay Discounting for Food
Albano, M. (2015) · SUNY Digital Repository Support (State University of New York System)
I eat when I’m sad, I eat when I’m glad : on the role of cue reactivity and classical conditioning in emotional eating
Bongers, P. (2015) · Research Publications (Maastricht University) · doi:10.26481/dis.20151215pb
An Analysis of the Factors Influencing Bored and Emotional Eating: Should Bored Eating Exist as a Separate Construct?
Stuck, E. E. (2016) · Scholar Commons (University of South Carolina)
Gece Yeme Sendromunun Psikopatoloji Çerçevesinde İncelenmesi
Akcan, G. (2019) · Mediterranean Journal of Humanities · doi:10.13114/mjh.2019.472
Exploring the barriers and facilitators of following a meal plan for Type 2 Diabetes: a survey using the theoretical domains framework
Wilson, T. (2021) · Memorial University Research Repository (Memorial University) · doi:10.48336/ws49-px61
How women experience binge eating : an IPA study
Towner, T. (2019) · UWE Research Repository (UWE Bristol) · Cited by 1
Do Disadvantageous Social Contexts Influence Food Choice? Evidence From Three Laboratory Experiments
Rramani, Q., Gerhardt, H., Grote, X., Zhao, W., Schultz, J., & Weber, B. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.575170
“Even though our methods are comparable to the methods used in other studies in terms of emotion induction strength, assessed via effect sizes (Bongers et al., 2013, 2016; Evers et al., 2013; Cardi et al., 2015), this does not exclude the possibility that different methods induced different kinds of emotions.”
Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ)
Domoff, S. E. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-287-104-6_127
Ernährung und Essverhalten bei Erschöpfungsprozessen von Burnout-Betroffenen aus psychodramatischer Sicht
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In which situations do we eat and how often? A diary study on eating situations and eating pattern stabilityPreprint
Wowra, P., Joanes, T., & Gwozdz, W. (2022) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/sm5he
Associação entre estilo alimentar, estado nutricional e consumo alimentar de pacientes hospitalizados
Becari, D. D. (2022) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/d.17.2022.tde-03012023-125413
Family Integrity Senses and Eating Behaviors of Nursing Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Descriptive Research
DEMİRDEN, A., & SARIKOÇ, G. (2023) · Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences · doi:10.5336/nurses.2022-88326
Emotional reactions to food interventions: Evidence from an online survey
Braut, B., & Zaccagni, S. (2023) · Research in Economics · doi:10.1016/j.rie.2023.06.002
Eating Causes Clinically Significant Distress: Food Addiction as a Disordered Belief in Anorexia Nervosa?
de Oliveira, J. (2023) · Obesities · doi:10.3390/obesities3030017
“Pleasure in eating may be compromised in EDs regardless of quantities, but by the relationship of disgust, fear, and dissatisfaction or “failure” from eating [30].”
Background
Investigation of the Relative Contributions of Distress Tolerance, Anxiety Sensitivity, and Experiential Avoidance to Predisposing of Disordered EatingPreprint
Mayeli, P., Yousefi, S., & Ashouri, A. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3298893/v1 · Cited by 2
Positive Emotion Is Associated with Attentional Focus on Physical Activity and Eating in Adolescents: A Daily Diary Study
Cummings, C., & Lansing, A. H. (2024) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12529-024-10260-y
“Positive emotion has been linked to greater engagement in obesity-related behaviors that promote increased physical health (e.g., physical activity [4, 5]), as well as those behaviors that promote decreased physical health (e.g., overeating; [6, 7]).”
Duygu durum değişikliklerinin besin alımı ve tercihlerine etkisi
Ural, B., MALLI, M. S., ÖZÇAĞLAYAN, E., & ARPACIK, C. T. (2024) · Sağlık Profesyonelleri Araştırma Dergisi · doi:10.57224/jhpr.1407006
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Martínez, J. A. (2024) · doi:10.4995/thesis/10251/202764
Emotional Determinants of Snack Consumption by Polish Consumers
Jerzyk, E., Kaczmarek, M., Mruk-Tomczak, D., & Gluza, N. (2024) · Marketing of Scientific and Research Organizations · doi:10.2478/minib-2024-0009 · Cited by 1
“On the ﬂ ip side, another study (Evers et al., 2013) revealed that positive emotions can also prompt indulgence in unhealthy snacks.”
Background
From Mood to Food: How Does Emotional Environment Predict Food Purchases?Preprint
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Assessment of Emotional Responses to Food Products
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A Systematic Review of Emotional Eating
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The role of emotions in shaping eating habits and behaviors
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Exploring the Relationship Between Chocolate Cake-Related Guilt, Eating, and Individual Differences
Castellanos, C. (2015) · UC Research Repository (University of Canterbury) · doi:10.26021/5905
The interaction between mood, dietary restraint, and emotion regulation on snack food choice and consumption: A naturalistic food diary study
Williams, I., Kemps, E., & King, D. L. (2026) · Food Quality and Preference · doi:10.1016/j.foodqual.2026.105861
Comfort food will strike a mood: Understanding social stigmatization associated with corpulence
Galano, A. C., & Chan, A. L. (2026) · International Journal of Research Studies in Education · doi:10.5861/ijrse.2026.26062
Can illusory nature replace nature in an interior? A preliminary case study in urban Indonesia / ¿Puede la naturaleza ilusoria sustituir a la naturaleza en un interior? Un estudio de caso preliminar en la Indonesia urbana
Yuniati, A. P., & Wulandari, R. (2026) · PsyEcology Bilingual Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1177/21711976251410112
“En un entorno de restauración, mejorar el estado de ánimo puede tener implicaciones comerciales al estimular el apetito (Evers et al., 2013), lo que podría aumentar las ventas o las oportunidades de negocio (Kraak et al., 2017).”
Influential

Authors: Evers, C., Adriaanse, M., de Ridder, D. T. D., & de Witt Huberts, J. C.
Affiliations: Utrecht University (NL)
Corresponding author: Evers, Catharine
ORCID: Evers, Catharine
Adriaanse, Marieke
Venue: Appetite
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2013-09
Volume: 68
Pages: 1-7
ISSN: 0195-6663 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2013.04.007
OpenAlex: W2056724053
Cited by: 210
References: 52
Citations by year: 2026: 9 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 3
FWCI: 13.71
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Appetite (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
LSHTM Research Online (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
Keywords: positive emotions, dietary intake, emotional eating, unhealthy food consumption, energy intake, negative emotions, dietary restraint, snacking, emotional arousal, emotional valence, mood
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Energy Intake, Eating, Emotions, Feeding Behavior, Female, Happiness, Humans, Male, Reference Values, Students, Young Adult

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Good mood food. Positive emotion as a neglected trigger for food intake

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