Pathogenic bacteria and mineral N in soils following the land spreading of biogas digestates and fresh manure
Abstract
The on-farm production of renewable energy from animal manures has rapidly expanded in central and northern Europe, with thousands of anaerobic reactors. This process has increased the land spreading of biogas digestates, replacing the use of fresh manure as a fertiliser. The environmental benefits and risks of such a change still need to be defined. We hypothesised that applying to the soil anaerobically digested instead of fresh manure might control the release of pathogens but increase that of inorganic N. Pots including γ- or non-irradiated soils, either control or amended with digestate or manure (80kgNhaâ»Â¹), were incubated for 0, 1 and 3 months. Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Listeria were cultivated and pathogenicity genes invA and hlyA PCR-amplified. Soil ammonium and nitrate concentrations, and their leaching through the upper soil layer was quantified in 20cm-depth lysimeters for 100d. Anaerobic digestion significantly sanitised the manure by completely eliminating cultivable E. coli and Salmonella but not Listeria (1.7Ã10â´CFUsgâ»Â¹). Thus, manure increased all microbes and invA gene numbers when applied to soils, while the digestate supplied only hlyA-negative Listeria. Potential pathogens were significantly more abundant in γ- than in non-irradiated treatments indicating suppression by indigenous soil microbiota. Control levels of all potential pathogens were recovered after 3 months, which could be thus considered a safe delay between land spreading amendments and harvesting. Concentration of nitrates in soil and their movement through the upper layer in soils amended with digestate were doubled compared to the other treatments. Hence, care should be taken that in the field nitrate liberation does not exceed plant demand.
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Concentration of nitrate in upper soil layers is higher after application of digestate than after manure application.
“Moreover, experimental studies show that the concentration of nitrate in upper soil layers is higher after application of digestate than after manure application (Goberna et al., 2011).”
From Intensify production, transform biomass to energy and novel goods and protect soils in Europe—A vision how to mobilize marginal lands (2018) · cites this paper as Goberna et al., 2011
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- Authors
- Goberna, M., Podmirseg, S. M., Waldhuber, S., Knapp, B. A., García, C., & Insam, H.
- Affiliations
- Universität Innsbruck (AT)
- Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Goberna, M.
- Venue
- Applied Soil Ecology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-09
- Volume
- 49
- Pages
- 18-25
- ISSN
- 0929-1393 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2067761513
- Cited by
- 138
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 8.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Applied Soil Ecology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Fecal contamination and water quality
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biotechnology › Listeria monocytogenes in Food Safety
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Keywords
- biogas digestate, fresh manure, anaerobic digestion, soil-borne pathogens, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Listeria, inorganic nitrogen, nitrate leaching, ammonium, gamma irradiation, soil microbiota, pathogen inhibition, land spreading
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