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Crime and violence in Brazil: Systematic review of time trends, prevalence rates and risk factors

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Murray, Joseph, Cerqueira, Daniel Ricardo de Castro, Kahn, Tulio·2013·Aggression and Violent Behavior

DOI 10.1016/j.avb.2013.07.003PMC PMC3763365

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Abstract

Between 1980 and 2010 there were 1 million homicides in Brazil. Dramatic increases in homicide rates followed rises in inequality, more young men in the population, greater availability of firearms, and increased drug use. Nevertheless, disarmament legislation may have helped reduce homicide rates in recent years. Despite its very high rate of lethal violence, Brazil appears to have similar levels of general criminal victimization as several other Latin American and North American countries. Brazil has lower rates of drug use compared to other countries such as the United States, but the prevalence of youth drug use in Brazil has increased substantially in recent years. Since 1990, the growth of the Brazilian prison population has been enormous, resulting in the fourth largest prison population in the world. Through a systematic review of the literature, we identified 10 studies assessing the prevalence of self-reported offending in Brazil and 9 studies examining risk factors. Levels of self-reported offending seem quite high among school students in Brazil. Individual and family-level risk factors identified in Brazil are very similar to those found in high-income countries.

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Authors: Murray, J., Cerqueira, D. R. D. C., & Kahn, T.
Affiliations: University of Cambridge (GB)
Institute of Applied Economic Research (BR)
Corresponding author: Murray, Joseph
ORCID: Murray, Joseph
Cerqueira, Daniel Ricardo de Castro
Venue: Aggression and Violent Behavior
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2013-09
Volume: 18
Issue: 5
Pages: 471-483
ISSN: 1359-1789 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2013.07.003
PMC: PMC3763365
OpenAlex: W2144498450
Cited by: 232
References: 74
Citations by year: 2026: 12 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7
FWCI: 6.80
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (vor)
Locations: Aggression and Violent Behavior (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Wellcome Trust (089963/Z/09/Z)
Topics: Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Crime Patterns and Interventions
Social Sciences › Health › Gun Ownership and Violence Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Youth, Drugs, and Violence
Keywords: crime, violence, homicide, Brazil, temporal trends, risk factors, self-reported offending, school students, inequality, drug use, adolescent substance use, prison population, crime victimization

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Crime and violence in Brazil: Systematic review of time trends, prevalence rates and risk factors

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