The DOI matches its Crossref record; 71 of the 73 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
High functioning children with autism spectrum disorder: A novel test of multitasking
Abstract
High functioning children with a diagnosis of autism or Asperger's syndrome (HF-ASD) often experience difficulties organising goal-directed actions in their day-to-day lives, requiring support to schedule daily activities. This study aimed to capture these everyday difficulties experimentally using multitasking, a methodology that taps into the cognitive processes necessary for successful goal-directed activities in everyday life. We investigated multitasking in children with HF-ASD using a novel multitask test, the Battersea Multitask Paradigm. Thirty boys participated in the study, 14 with HF-ASD and 16 typically developing controls, matched for age and IQ. Group differences in multitasking were observed. Participants with HF-ASD were less efficient at planning, attempted fewer tasks, switched inflexibly between tasks and broke performance rules more frequently than controls.
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“Parents of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) consistently report executive functioning (EF) deficits.”
From Characterizing the Factor Structure of Parent Reported Executive Function in Autism Spectrum Disorders: The Impact of Cognitive Inflexibility (2014) · cites this paper as Mackinlay et al. 2006
Citations
Cites
Lord, C., Rutter, M., & Le Couteur, A. (1994) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/bf02172145 · Cited by 9,065
Lord, C., Risi, S., Lambrecht, L., Cook, E. H., Leventhal, B. L., DiLavore, P. C., Pickles, A., & Rutter, M. (2000) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1023/a:1005592401947 · Cited by 7,520
Implementation intentions: Strong effects of simple plans.
Gollwitzer, P. M. (1999) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.54.7.493 · Cited by 5,478
Executive functions and developmental psychopathology.
Pennington, B. F., & Ozonoff, S. (1996) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01380.x · Cited by 3,150 · cited 5×
“Indeed, multitasking is strongly associated with the prefrontal cortex, and atypical frontal lobe development has been proposed to play a role in autism (Pennington & OzonoV, 1996).”
InfluentialFuster, J. M. (1997) · Cited by 2,095
DEFICITS IN STRATEGY APPLICATION FOLLOWING FRONTAL LOBE DAMAGE IN MAN
SHALLICE, T., & BURGESS, P. W. (1991) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/114.2.727 · Cited by 2,017
Bechara, A., Tranel, D., & Damásio, H. (2000) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/123.11.2189 · Cited by 1,903
Executive function deficits in high-functioning autistic individuals: Relationship to theory of mind
Ozonoff, S., Pennington, B. F., & Rogers, S. J. (1991) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1991.tb00351.x · Cited by 1,766
Behavior Rating Inventory for Executive Function
Gioia, G. A., Isquith, P. Κ., & Roth, R. M. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-56782-2_1881-2 · Cited by 1,571
Frontal Lobe Contributions to Theory of Mind
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2 of the 73 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
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- Gioia, 2000, BRIEF—Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function, PAR Psychological Assessment Resources
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Items 101–106 of 106
Kaneko, S. (2022) · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/k65gr
مهام التماسك المركزي المنبئة بمستوى اللغة البرجماتية لدى تلاميذ المرحلة الابتدائية المتأخرين لغويا
عبدالغنى, ع. ع. (2023) · مجلة الإرشاد النفسی · doi:10.21608/cpc.2023.309743
Brambilla, C., Nicora, M. L., Romeo, L., Storm, F. A., D’Orazio, T., Malosio, M., & Scano, A. (2025) · Applied Ergonomics · doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104557
Does Ongoing Task Load Influence Prospective Remembering in Autism Spectrum Disorders?
Nürnberg, D., & Altgassen, M. (2026) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.70285
Metadata
- Authors
- Mackinlay, R., Charman, T., & Karmiloff-Smith, A.
- Affiliations
- University College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Mackinlay, Rachael
- ORCID
- Charman, Tony
- Venue
- Brain and Cognition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-06
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 14-24
- ISSN
- 0278-2626 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2071974347
- Cited by
- 106
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 10 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 1.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Brain and Cognition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, Asperger syndrome, high-functioning autism, multitasking, task switching, planning, goal-directed behavior, executive function, children
- MeSH terms
- Autistic Disorder, Child, Cognition Disorders, Frontal Lobe, Humans, Male, Memory Disorders, Neuropsychological Tests, Severity of Illness Index
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