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Stress-induced neutral lipid biosynthesis in microalgae — Molecular, cellular and physiological insights
Open accessAbstract
Photosynthetic microalgae have promise as biofuel feedstock. Under certain conditions, they produce substantial amounts of neutral lipids, mainly in the form of triacylglycerols (TAGs), which can be converted to fuels. Much of our current knowledge on the genetic and molecular basis of algal neutral lipid metabolism derives mainly from studies of plants, i.e. seed tissues, and to a lesser extent from direct studies of algal lipid metabolism. Thus, the knowledge of TAG synthesis and the cellular trafficking of TAG precursors in algal cells is to a large extent based on genome predictions, and most aspects of TAG metabolism have yet to be experimentally verified. The biofuel prospects of microalgae have raised the interest in mechanistic studies of algal TAG biosynthesis in recent years and resulted in an increasing number of publications on lipid metabolism in microalgae. In this review we summarize the current findings on genetic, molecular and physiological studies of TAG accumulation in microalgae. Special emphasis is on the functional analysis of key genes involved in TAG synthesis, molecular mechanisms of regulation of TAG biosynthesis, as well as on possible mechanisms of lipid droplet formation in microalgal cells. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Plant Lipid Biology edited by Kent D. Chapman and Ivo Feussner.
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“Studies have shown that nearly 80% of the TAGs are saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA)[3,52,61,62], and their vibration can be attributed to the carbonyl stretches of esters in the fatty acids at ~1740 cm -1 .”
From Response to nutrient variation on lipid productivity in green microalgae captured using second derivative FTIR and Raman spectroscopy (2022) · cites this paper as [62]
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“This indicates that the two species M.contortum and Chlamydomonas sp. have produced more neutral lipids (TAGs) with nutritional depletion [9,20,61 -63] and it is a positive indication that these microalgae species can be tapped for biodiesel production.”
From Response to nutrient variation on lipid productivity in green microalgae captured using second derivative FTIR and Raman spectroscopy (2022) · cites this paper as [62]
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Cites
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Items 201–224 of 224
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Haslam, R. P., Hamilton, M. L., Economou, C. K., Smith, R., Hassall, K. L., Napier, J. A., & Sayanova, O. V. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12307931
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Haslam, R. P., Hamilton, M. L., Economou, C. K., Smith, R., Hassall, K. L., Napier, J. A., & Sayanova, O. V. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12307964
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Engineering Microalgae for Enhanced Lipids and Ketocarotenoid Production
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Bhatnagar, V. S., Saldat, M., Zienkiewicz, A., Du, Z.-Y., & Zienkiewicz, K. (2026) · Plant and Cell Physiology · doi:10.1093/pcp/pcag059
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Metadata
- Authors
- Zienkiewicz, K., Du, Z.-Y., Ma, W., Vollheyde, K., & Benning, C.
- Affiliations
- University of Göttingen (DE)
- Michigan State University (US)
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (US)
- Venue
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-09
- Volume
- 1861
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1269-1281
- ISSN
- 1388-1981 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2258753467
- Cited by
- 225
- References
- 148
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 5
- FWCI
- 3.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (am, 327 d)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
- Locations
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (submittedVersion)
- GRO (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Center for Advanced Biofuels Systems (DE-SC0001295)
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (DE-SC0001295)
- U.S Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (DE-FG02-98ER20305)
- US National Science Foundation (MCB-0741395, MCB-1515169)
- US Department of Energy-Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center Cooperative Agreement (DE-FC02-07ER64494)
- US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (FA9550-11-1-0264)
- Michigan State University AgBioResearch
- Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship within the EU 7th Framework Program AlgaeOilSynth (627266, FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Algal biology and biofuel production
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Keywords
- microalgae, triglyceride synthesis, stress response, lipid droplet formation, lipid metabolism, biofuel feedstock
- MeSH terms
- Fatty Acids, Lipids, Photosynthesis, Triglycerides, Genome, Plant, Lipid Metabolism, Biofuels, Microalgae
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