Co-delivery of VEGF and amoxicillin using LP-coated co-axial electrospun fibres for the potential treatment of diabetic wounds
Open accessAbstract
Diabetic complications present throughout a wide range of body tissues, however one of the most widely recognised complications remains to be chronic diabetic wounds. Current treatment options largely rely on standard wound treatment routines which provide no promotion of wound healing mechanisms at different physiological stages of repair. Recently materials produced using novel additive manufacturing techniques have been receiving attention for applications in wound care and tissue repair. Additive manufacturing techniques have recently been used in the interest of targeted drug delivery and production of novel materials resembling characteristics of native tissues. The potential to exploit these highly tailorable manufacturing techniques for the design of novel wound care remedies is highly desirable. In the present study two additive manufacturing techniques are combined to produce a scaffold for the treatment of diabetic wounds. The combination of microfluidic manufacturing of an antimicrobial liposome (LP) formulation and a coaxial electrospinning method incorporating both antimicrobial and proangiogenic factors allowed dual delivery of therapeutics to target both infection and lack of vascularisation at wound sites. The coaxial fibres comprised of a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) core containing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and a poly (l-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) shell blended with amoxicillin (Amox). Additionally, a liposomal formulation was produced to incorporate Amox and adhered to the surface of fibres loaded with Amox and VEGF. The liposomal loading provided the potential to deliver a much higher, more clinically relevant dose of Amox without detrimentally changing the mechanical properties of the material. The growth factor release was sustained up to 7-days in vitro. The therapeutic effect of the antibiotic loading was analysed using a disk diffusion method with a significant increase in zone diameter following LP adhesion, proving the full scaffold system had improved efficacy against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains. Additionally, the dual-loaded scaffolds show enhanced potential for supporting vascular growth in vitro, as demonstrated via a viability assay and tubule formation studies. Results showed a significant increase in the average total number of tubes from 10 in control samples to 77 in samples fully-loaded with Amox and VEGF.
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For areas with inflammation or infection, which may induce an acidic microenvironment locally, PLCL degradation may be accelerated.
“For areas with inflammation or infection, which may induce an acidic microenvironment locally, PLCL degradation may be accelerated, requiring corresponding adjustments based on actual conditions [49].”
From Application of PLCL as a biodegradable polymer in biomedical engineering (2026) · cites this paper as [49]
The Amox release section (p. 8) anticipates drug release during scaffold degradation, but does not discuss the effect of acidity on PLCL degradation. Searches for acidic conditions, pH, and accelerated degradation found no passage linking inflammation or infection to faster PLCL degradation. (LLM, conf=0.72)
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Zhao, Y., & Liu, H. (2026) · Journal of Materials Science Materials in Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10856-026-07016-3 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
- Authors
- Macartney, R. A., Weaver, E., Irwin, R., Wylie, M. P., Burke, G. A., & Lamprou, D. A.
- Affiliations
- Queen's University Belfast (GB)
- University of Ulster (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Macartney, Robyn A.
- Lamprou, Dimitrios A.
- Venue
- Biomaterials Advances
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2024-04
- Volume
- 158
- Pages
- 213765
- ISSN
- 2772-9508 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4391007520
- Cited by
- 19
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4
- FWCI
- 1.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Biomaterials Advances (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- Ulster University Research Portal (Ulster University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Department for the Economy
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Wound Healing and Treatments
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Silk-based biomaterials and applications
- Keywords
- diabetic wounds, wound healing, vascular endothelial growth factor, amoxicillin, liposomes, antimicrobial drug delivery, polyvinyl alcohol, PLCL, angiogenesis, wound infection, microfluidic fabrication, sustained drug release, tubule formation
- MeSH terms
- Amoxicillin, Anti-Infective Agents, Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, Liposomes, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
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