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Cited by 44Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics StudiesFreshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecologyEcology and biodiversity studies

Nature based measures increase freshwater biodiversity in agricultural catchments

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Williams, Penny, Biggs, Jeremy, Stoate, Chris, Szczur, John, Brown, Colin, Bonney, Simon·2020·Biological Conservation
DOI 10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108515

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Abstract

This is the first study that describes the effect of adding mitigation measures on the freshwater biodiversity of all waterbody types in agricultural catchments. We measured alpha (site) and gamma (catchment) richness annually over a nine-year period in all the streams, ponds and ditches in three upper-catchments in the English lowlands, and investigated whether freshwater plant biodiversity could be increased by adding: (i) multi-functional ecosystem services measures to intercept pollutants, store water and promote biodiversity, and, (ii) biodiversity-only protection measures. In the absence of measures, all catchments saw a decline in macrophyte richness during the survey (mean species loss of 1% pa, rare species loss of 2% pa). Ponds were a key habitat with a disproportionate influence on catchment trends. Five years after introducing measures, natural colonisation of ecosystem services waterbodies (dammed streams and ditches, runoff ponds, flood storage ponds) largely cancelled-out the background loss of plant species but, importantly, did not restore the loss of rare plants. Adding clean water ponds as a biodiversity-only enhancement measure brought substantial benefits: increasing total-catchment richness by 26%, and the number of rare plant species by 181%. Populations of spatially restricted species also increased. Adding stream debris-dams as a biodiversity measure did not affect plant richness or rarity. The findings suggest that ecosystem services measures could bring some biodiversity benefits to agricultural catchments. However, creating clean-water ponds specifically targeted for biodiversity could hold considerable potential as a tool to help stem, and even reverse, ongoing declines in freshwater plant biodiversity across farming landscapes.

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  • There are still numerous barriers to the creation of new ponds and the management of existing ponds, despite recent evidence of biodiversity gains.

    “As a result, there are still numerous barriers to the creation of new ponds and the management of existing ponds, despite recent evidence of biodiversity gains (Williams et al. 2020).”

    From Pond ecology and conservation: research priorities and knowledge gaps (2021) · cites this paper as Williams et al. 2020

    Section 4.3 reports substantial biodiversity gains after new ponds were created. Section 5.2 identifies missing pond-monitoring requirements and policies supporting pond protection, but does not establish that numerous barriers remain specifically to creating new ponds and managing existing ones. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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  • Emerging evidence suggests that creating/restoring ponds for ecosystem service measures could be one of the most effective means of enhancing landscape-scale freshwater biodiversity, but to maintain their long-term contribution, management interventions may be required.

    “Emerging evidence suggests that this could be one of the most effective means of enhancing landscape-scale freshwater biodiversity, but to maintain their long-term contribution, management interventions may be required (Williams et al. 2020).”

    From Pond ecology and conservation: research priorities and knowledge gaps (2021) · cites this paper as Williams et al. 2020

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Authors
Williams, P., Biggs, J., Stoate, C., Szczur, J., Brown, C., & Bonney, S.
Affiliations
  • Freshwater Habitats Trust (GB)
  • Game & Wildlife Conservation Trust (GB)
  • University of York (GB)
  • Environment Agency (GB)
Corresponding author
Williams, Penny
ORCID
Venue
Biological Conservation
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2020-04
Volume
244
Pages
108515
ISSN
0006-3207 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108515
OpenAlex
W3015101663
Cited by
44
References
1
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2.54
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
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  • Biological Conservation (publishedVersion)
  • bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion)
  • White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) (acceptedVersion)
Funders
Environment Agency
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Nature and Landscape Conservation › Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Ecology and biodiversity studies
Keywords
nature-based solutions, freshwater biodiversity, agricultural catchments, rare plants, ecosystem services, ditches, species extinction

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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