The DOI matches its Crossref record; 103 of the 103 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Heterogeneous base catalysts: Synthesis and application for biodiesel production – A review
Abstract
Recently, much research has been carried out to find a suitable catalyst for the transesterification process during biodiesel production where heterogeneous catalysts play a crucial role. As homogenous catalysts present drawbacks such as slow reaction rate, high-cost due to the use of food grade oils, problems associated with separation process, and environmental pollution, heterogenous catalysts are more preferred. Animal shells and bones are the biowastes suitably calcined for the synthesis of heterogenous base catalyst. The catalysts synthesized using organic wastes are environmentally friendly, and cost-effective. The present review is dedicated to synthesis of heterogeneous basic catalysts from the natural resources or biowastes in biodiesel production through transesterification of oils. Use of calcined catalysts for converting potential feedstocks (vegetable oils and animal fat) into biodiesel/FAME is effective and safe, and the yield could be improved over 98%. There is a vast scope for biowaste-derived catalysts in green production of biofuel.
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5 retracted
RETRACTED: Microbial strategies for bio-transforming food waste into resources
Sharma, P., Gaur, V. K., Kim, S.-H., & Pandey, A. (2020) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122580 · Cited by 389
RetractedSinghania, R. R., Patel, A. K., Pandey, A., & Ganansounou, E. (2017) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.126 · Cited by 134
RetractedRavindran, B., Karmegam, N., Yuvaraj, A., Thangaraj, R., Chang, S. W., Zhang, Z., & Awasthi, M. K. (2020) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124281 · Cited by 117
Self-citationRetractedQin, S., Giri, B. S., Patel, A. K., Şar, T., Liu, H., Chen, H., Juneja, A., Kumar, D., Zhang, Z., Awasthi, M. K., et al. (2020) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124496 · Cited by 109
RetractedRETRACTED: Lignocellulosic bio-refinery approach for microbial 2,3-Butanediol production
Hazeena, S. H., Sindhu, R., Pandey, A., & Binod, P. (2020) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122873 · Cited by 92
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Wang, Y., Akbarzadeh, A., Chong, L., Du, J., Tahir, N., & Awasthi, M. K. (2022) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134181 · Cited by 247
Self-citationBiodiesel is dead: long life to advanced biofuels—a comprehensive critical review
Estevez, R., Aguado-Deblas, L., López-Tenllado, F. J., Luna, C., Calero, J., Romero, A. A., Bautista, F. M., & Luna, D. (2022) · Energies · doi:10.3390/en15093173 · Cited by 54
Zamri, M. F. M. A., Shamsuddin, A. H., Ali, S., Bahru, R., Milano, J., Tiong, S. K., Fattah, I. M. R., & Raja Shahruzzaman, R. M. H. (2023) · Nanomaterials · doi:10.3390/nano13131947 · Cited by 24
Metadata
- Authors
- Jayakumar, M., Karmegam, N., Gundupalli, M. P., Bizuneh Gebeyehu, K., Tessema Asfaw, B., Chang, S. W., Ravindran, B., & Kumar Awasthi, M.
- Venue
- Bioresource Technology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-07
- Volume
- 331
- Pages
- 125054
- ISSN
- 0960-8524 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3148944246
- Cited by
- 258
- References
- 103
- FWCI
- 12.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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