Exploring the role of receptor flexibility in structure-based drug discovery
Open accessAbstract
The proper understanding of biomolecular recognition mechanisms that take place in a drug target is of paramount importance to improve the efficiency of drug discovery and development. The intrinsic dynamic character of proteins has a strong influence on biomolecular recognition mechanisms and models such as conformational selection have been widely used to account for this dynamic association process. However, conformational changes occurring in the receptor prior and upon association with other molecules are diverse and not obvious to predict when only a few structures of the receptor are available. In view of the prominent role of protein flexibility in ligand binding and its implications for drug discovery, it is of great interest to identify receptor conformations that play a major role in biomolecular recognition before starting rational drug design efforts. In this review, we discuss a number of recent advances in computer-aided drug discovery techniques that have been proposed to incorporate receptor flexibility into structure-based drug design. The allowance for receptor flexibility provided by computational techniques such as molecular dynamics simulations or enhanced sampling techniques helps to improve the accuracy of methods used to estimate binding affinities and, thus, such methods can contribute to the discovery of novel drug leads.
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Early computational approaches suffered limitations from the use of apo template structures for homology modeling and from neglecting the ligand induced fit effect on the protein conformation.
“However, these early computational approaches suffered from several known limitations given by the use of apo template structures for homology modeling and the neglecting of the ligand induced fit effect on the protein conformation22,23.”
From Modeling the binding of diverse ligands within the Ah receptor ligand binding domain (2019) · cites this paper as [23]
The section “Accounting for Receptor Flexibility in the Estimation of Binding Affinities” (page unavailable) says docking often uses a rigid receptor and describes induced-fit docking as a way to account for ligand-associated rearrangements. That supports the limitation concerning neglected receptor flexibility. The passages found do not identify the use of apo templates for homology modeling as a limitation of early approaches. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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- Authors
- Feixas, F., Lindert, S., Sinko, W., & McCammon, J. A.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego (US)
- U.S. National Science Foundation (US)
- Corresponding author
- Feixas, Ferran
- Venue
- Biophysical Chemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-02
- Volume
- 186
- Pages
- 31-45
- ISSN
- 0301-4622 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4459653
- OpenAlex
- W2022849573
- Cited by
- 156
- References
- 157
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 6
- FWCI
- 1.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- Locations
- Biophysical Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM031749)
- National Center for Research Resources (P41RR006009)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computational Theory and Mathematics › Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Structure and Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Keywords
- receptor flexibility, protein dynamics, structure-based drug design, conformational selection, biomolecular recognition, ligand binding affinity, molecular dynamics simulation, enhanced sampling, binding affinity prediction
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Protein Binding, Protein Conformation, Proteins, Drug Design, Computer-Aided Design, Molecular Dynamics Simulation
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