Cited by 211Balance, Gait, and Falls PreventionMotor Control and AdaptationStroke Rehabilitation and Recovery

Evidence for motor learning in Parkinson's disease: acquisition, automaticity and retention of cued gait performance after training with external rhythmical cues

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Rochester, Lynn, Baker, Katherine, Hetherington, Victoria, Jones, Diana, Willems, Anne-Marie, Kwakkel, Gert, Van Wegen, Erwin, Lim, Inge +1 more·2010·Brain Research

Abstract

People with Parkinson's disease (PD) have difficulty learning new motor skills. Evidence suggests external stimuli (cues) may enhance learning; however, this may be specific to cued rather than non-cued performance. We aimed to test effects of cued training on motor learning in PD. We defined motor learning as acquisition (single task), automaticity (dual task) and retention of single- and dual-task performance (follow-up). 153 subjects with PD received 3 weeks cued gait training as part of a randomised trial (the RESCUE trial). We measured changes in cued gait performance with three external rhythmical cues (ERC) (auditory, visual and somatosensory) during single and dual tasks after training and 6 weeks follow-up. Gait was tested without cues to compare specificity of learning (transfer). Subjects were 'on' medication and were cued at preferred step frequency during assessment. Accelerometers recorded gait and walking speed, step length and step frequency were determined from raw data. Data were analysed with SAS using linear regression models. Walking speed and step length significantly increased with all cues after training during both single- and dual-task gait and these effects were retained. Training effects were not specific to cued gait and were observed in dual-task step length, and walking speed however was more limited in single-task non-cued gait. These results support the use of ERC to enhance motor learning in PD as defined by increased acquisition, automaticity and retention. They also highlight the potential for sustained improvement in walking and complex task performance.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.01.001

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Authors
Rochester, L., Baker, K., Hetherington, V., Jones, D., Willems, A.-M., Kwakkel, G., Van Wegen, E., Lim, I., & Nieuwboer, A.
Affiliations
  • Northumbria University (GB)
  • KU Leuven (BE)
  • Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
Corresponding author
Rochester, Lynn
Venue
Brain Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2010-03
Volume
1319
Pages
103-111
ISSN
0006-8993 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2145386284
Cited by
211
References
41
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 12
FWCI
32.72
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Brain Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion)
  • VU Research Portal (publishedVersion)
  • Digital Academic REpository of VU University Amsterdam (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) (submittedVersion)
  • Northumbria Research Link (Northumbria University) (submittedVersion)
  • Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
  • Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity)
Funders
  • National Institute for Health and Care Research
  • European Commission
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
Keywords
Parkinson's disease, motor learning, auditory cues, visual cues, somatosensory cues, dual-task performance, transfer of learning, walking speed, step length, cadence, gait training
MeSH terms
Acoustic Stimulation, Aged, Antiparkinson Agents, Biomechanical Phenomena, Cues, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Gait, Humans, Learning, Male, Memory, Motor Skills, Parkinson Disease, Periodicity, Photic Stimulation, Physical Stimulation, Practice, Psychological, Time Factors, Linear Models, Walking

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