Anxiety sensitivity moderates the relationship of changes in physiological arousal with flight anxiety during in vivo exposure therapy
Abstract
Physiological sensations and discomfort constitute the major symptoms reported by aviophobics. Anxiety sensitivity (AS) seems to moderate the relationship between self-reported somatic sensations and flight anxiety, and AS has been identified as a vulnerability factor for flight phobia. In this study we examined whether AS moderates the effects of somatic sensations and autonomic nervous system reactivity on flight anxiety induced by real flight. In fifty aviophobics participating in Cognitive Behaviour Group Therapy (CBGT), flight anxiety, somatic sensations and autonomic nervous system reactivity were assessed during a guided return flight. Results indicate that physiological reactivity interacted with AS. Changes in heart rate and parasympathetic activity were more strongly associated with changes in reported flight anxiety for high AS participants, and less for participants low on AS. Results did not indicate a moderating effect of AS on the relationship between self-reported somatic sensations and flight anxiety. Our results suggest that therapy for flight phobia might benefit from addressing the physical effect of anxiety, by means of cognitive restructuring and exposure to interoceptive stimuli, particularly in aviophobics high in AS.
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FP can cause serious interference in daily life, social functioning, relationships, and the professional field.
“FP can cause serious interference in daily life, social functioning, relationships, and the professional field (Busscher et al., 2013; Oakes and Bor, 2010).”
From An Internet-based treatment for Flying Phobia using 360° images: Study protocol for a feasibility pilot study (2021) · cites this paper as Busscher et al., 2013
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- Authors
- Busscher, B., Spinhoven, P., van Gerwen, L. J., & de Geus, E. J. C.
- Affiliations
- Leiden University (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Busscher, Bert
- ORCID
- Spinhoven, Philip
- Venue
- Behaviour Research and Therapy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-02
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 98-105
- ISSN
- 0005-7967 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2025254379
- Cited by
- 34
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 1.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Behaviour Research and Therapy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Leiden Repository (Leiden University) (submittedVersion)
- VU Research Portal (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Keywords
- anxiety sensitivity, fear of flying, aviophobia, physiological arousal, autonomic reactivity, heart rate, parasympathetic activity, somatic sensation, in vivo exposure therapy, interoceptive exposure, cognitive restructuring
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aerospace Medicine, Aircraft, Anxiety, Arousal, Fear, Female, Humans, Implosive Therapy, Male, Phobic Disorders, Surveys and Questionnaires, Regression Analysis, Travel, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
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