Decomposition and carbonisation of wood biopolymers—a microstructural study of softwood pyrolysis

Raman Spectrum of Graphite

Tuinstra, F., & Koenig, J. L. (1970) · The Journal of Chemical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.1674108 · Cited by 10,844

Small Angle X-ray Scattering

Hart, M., & Deutsch, M. (1983) · Physics Bulletin · doi:10.1088/0031-9112/34/7/032 · Cited by 4,600

Small-Angle Scattering of X-Rays

Guinier, A., Fournet, G., Walker, C. B., & Vineyard, G. H. (1956) · Physics Today · doi:10.1063/1.3060069 · Cited by 4,339

Small-Angle Scattering of X-Rays

(1956) · AIBS Bulletin · doi:10.1093/aibsbulletin/6.1.23-f · Cited by 3,876

Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering

Bhushan, B. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9780-1_101037 · Cited by 3,800

Wood: Chemistry, ultrastructure, reactions

(1983) · doi:10.1515/9783110839654 · Cited by 2,846

Wood-chemistry, ultrastructure, reactions

Nimz, H. (1984) · European Journal of Wood and Wood Products · doi:10.1007/bf02608943 · Cited by 2,774

The Art, Science, and Technology of Charcoal Production

Antal, M. J., & Grønli, M. (2003) · Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research · doi:10.1021/ie0207919 · Cited by 1,623

Scattering by an Inhomogeneous Solid. II. The Correlation Function and Its Application

Debye, P. J. W., Anderson, H. R., & Brumberger, H. (1957) · Journal of Applied Physics · doi:10.1063/1.1722830 · Cited by 1,457

X-Ray Diffraction in Random Layer Lattices

Warren, Β. E. (1941) · Physical Review · doi:10.1103/physrev.59.693 · Cited by 1,370

The structure of graphitic carbons

FRANKLIN, R. E. (1951) · Acta Crystallographica · doi:10.1107/s0365110x51000842 · Cited by 756

Small-angle scattering of two-phase systems: determination and significance of systematic deviations from Porod's law

Ruland, W. (1971) · Journal of Applied Crystallography · doi:10.1107/s0021889871006265 · Cited by 619

Model for Raman scattering from incompletely graphitized carbons

Lespade, P., Al-Jishi, R. A., & Dresselhaus, M. S. (1982) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/0008-6223(82)90043-4 · Cited by 574

Carbonization of cellulose fibers—I. Low temperature pyrolysis

Tang, M. M., & Bacon, R. (1964) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/0008-6223(64)90035-1 · Cited by 503

Biomorphic Cellular Silicon Carbide Ceramics from Wood: I. Processing and Microstructure

Greil, P., Lifka, T., & Kaindl, A. (1998) · Journal of the European Ceramic Society · doi:10.1016/s0955-2219(98)00156-3 · Cited by 428

Carbonization of wood for advanced materials applications

Byrne, C. E., & Nagle, D. C. (1997) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/s0008-6223(96)00136-4 · Cited by 412

Microstructural evolution during charcoal carbonization by X-ray diffraction analysis

Kercher, A. K., & Nagle, D. C. (2002) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/s0008-6223(02)00261-0 · Cited by 317

Biomorphous ceramics from lignocellulosics

Greil, P. (2001) · Journal of the European Ceramic Society · doi:10.1016/s0955-2219(00)00179-5 · Cited by 301

Variation of Cellulose Microfibril Angles in Softwoods and Hardwoods—A Possible Strategy of Mechanical Optimization

Lichtenegger, H. C., Reiterer, A., Stanzl‐Tschegg, S. E., & Fratzl, P. (1999) · Journal of Structural Biology · doi:10.1006/jsbi.1999.4194 · Cited by 281

Experimental evidence for a mechanical function of the cellulose microfibril angle in wood cell walls

Reiterer, A., Lichtenegger, H. C., Tschegg, S., & Fratzl, P. (1999) · Philosophical magazine. A/Philosophical magazine. A. Physics of condensed matter. Structure, defects and mechanical properties · doi:10.1080/01418619908210415 · Cited by 264

Effect of fibre microstructure upon the modulus of PAN- and pitch-based carbon fibres

Huang, Y. C., & Young, R. J. (1995) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/0008-6223(94)00109-d · Cited by 241

Structural Modeling of Porous Carbons: Constrained Reverse Monte Carlo Method

Pikunic, J. P., Clinard, C., Mathieu, N., Gubbins, K. E., Guet, J. M., Pellenq, R. J. ‐., Rannou, I., & Rouzaud, J. (2003) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/la034595y · Cited by 240

Biomorphic Cellular Ceramics

Sieber, H., Hoffmann, C., Kaindl, A., & Greil, P. (2000) · Advanced Engineering Materials · doi:10.1002/(sici)1527-2648(200003)2:3 · Cited by 215

Surface functionality and porosity of activated carbons obtained from chemical activation of wood

Benaddi, H., Bandosz, T. J., Jagiełło, J., Schwarz, J. A., Rouzaud, J., Legras, D., & Béguin, F. (2000) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/s0008-6223(99)00134-7 · Cited by 214

Carbonized wood monoliths—Characterization

Byrne, C. E., & Nagle, D. C. (1997) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/s0008-6223(96)00135-2 · Cited by 203

Biomimetic Process for Producing SiC “Wood”

Ota, T., Takahashi, M., Hibi, T., Ozawa, M., SUZUKI, S., Hikichi, Y., & Suzuki, H. (1995) · Journal of the American Ceramic Society · doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1995.tb07988.x · Cited by 201

Carbonization of cellulose fibers—II. Physical property study

Bacon, R., & Tang, M. M. (1964) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/0008-6223(64)90036-3 · Cited by 194

The Elementary Cellulose Fibril in Picea abies: Comparison of Transmission Electron Microscopy, Small-Angle X-ray Scattering, and Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering Results

Jakob, H. F., Fengel, D., Tschegg, S., & Fratzl, P. (1995) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma00130a010 · Cited by 191

Biomorphic SiC-ceramic prepared by Si-vapor phaseinfiltration of wood

Vogli, E., Sieber, H., & Greil, P. (2002) · Journal of the European Ceramic Society · doi:10.1016/s0955-2219(02)00131-0 · Cited by 170

Raman spectroscopic study on pyrolyzed wood and bark of Japanese cedar: temperature dependence of Raman parameters

Yamauchi, S., & Kurimoto, Y. (2003) · Journal of Wood Science · doi:10.1007/s10086-002-0462-1 · Cited by 138

A small angle X-ray scattering study of carbons made from pyrolyzed sugar

Gibaud, A., Xue, J., & Dahn, J. R. (1996) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/0008-6223(95)00207-3 · Cited by 132

Carbon Fibers

Ruland, W. (1990) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.19900021104 · Cited by 132

Size and Arrangement of Elementary Cellulose Fibrils in Wood Cells: A Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering Study of Picea abies

Jakob, H. F., Fratzl, P., & Tschegg, S. (1994) · Journal of Structural Biology · doi:10.1006/jsbi.1994.1028 · Cited by 120

Microstructure and phase morphology of wood derived biomorphous SiSiC-ceramics

Zollfrank, C., & Sieber, H. (2003) · Journal of the European Ceramic Society · doi:10.1016/s0955-2219(03)00200-0 · Cited by 114

Biomorphous SiOC/C-ceramic composites from chemically modified wood templates

Zollfrank, C., Kladny, R., Sieber, H., & Greil, P. (2003) · Journal of the European Ceramic Society · doi:10.1016/s0955-2219(03)00202-4 · Cited by 112

Microstructure, dangling bonds and impurities in activated carbons

Manivannan, A., Chirila, M. M., Giles, N. C., & Seehra, M. S. (1999) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/s0008-6223(99)00052-4 · Cited by 108

X-Ray Studies on Preferred Orientation in Carbon Fibers

Ruland, W. (1967) · Journal of Applied Physics · doi:10.1063/1.1710176 · Cited by 106

Lyocell fibers as the precursor of carbon fibers

Peng, S., Shao, H., & Hu, X. (2003) · Journal of Applied Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/app.12879 · Cited by 105

Cellulose derived composites—A new method for materials processing

Byrne, C. E., & Nagle, D. C. (1997) · Materials Research Innovations · doi:10.1007/s100190050031 · Cited by 94

Graphitization of highly crystalline cellulose

Kim, D.-Y., Nishiyama, Y., Wada, M., & Kuga, S. (2001) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/s0008-6223(00)00221-9 · Cited by 86

Evaluation of carbonized medium-density fiberboard for electrical applications

Kercher, A. K., & Nagle, D. C. (2002) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/s0008-6223(01)00299-8 · Cited by 82

Apparent fractal dimensions obtained from small-angle scattering of carbon materials

Ruland, W. (2001) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/s0008-6223(00)00256-6 · Cited by 58

High pressure Raman and neutron scattering study on structure of carbon black particles

Zerda, T. W., Xü, W., Zerda, A., Zhao, Y., & DREELE, R. B. V. (2000) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/s0008-6223(99)00111-6 · Cited by 50

Monolithic activated carbon sheets from carbonized medium-density fiberboard

Kercher, A. K., & Nagle, D. C. (2002) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/s0008-6223(02)00262-2 · Cited by 40

Preparation of fibrous activated carbons from wood fiber

Asakura, R., Morita, M., Maruyama, K., Hatori, H., & Yamada, Y. (2003) · Journal of Materials Science · doi:10.1023/b:jmsc.0000007745.62879.74 · Cited by 38

Cross-sectional texture of carbon fibres analysed by scanning microbeam X-ray diffraction

Paris, O., Loidl, D., Müller, M. J., Lichtenegger, H. C., & Peterlik, H. (2001) · Journal of Applied Crystallography · doi:10.1107/s0021889801008330 · Cited by 25

Nanostructures of pyrolytic carbon from a polyacetylene thin film

Goto, A., Kyotani, M., Tsugawa, K., Piao, G., Akagi, K., Yamaguchi, C., Matsui, H., & Koga, Y. (2002) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/s0008-6223(02)00263-4 · Cited by 22

Catalytic carbonization of wood charcoal: graphite or diamond?

Hata, T., Vystavěl, T., Bronsveld, P. M., Hosson, J. T. M. D., Kikuchi, H., Nishimiya, K., & Imamura, Y. (2004) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2003.12.027 · Cited by 16

Magnetic small-angle scattering from Cu-17 at.% Mn

Schönfeld, B., Paris, O., Kostorz, G., & Pedersen, J. S. (1998) · Journal of Physics Condensed Matter · doi:10.1088/0953-8984/10/37/024 · Cited by 14

Pyrolysis of Wood/Biomass for Bio-oil: A Critical Review

Mohan, D., Pittman, C. U., & Steele, P. H. (2006) · Energy & Fuels · doi:10.1021/ef0502397 · Cited by 5,663

Dynamic Molecular Structure of Plant Biomass-Derived Black Carbon (Biochar)

Keiluweit, M., Nico, P. S., Johnson, M. G., & Kleber, M. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es9031419 · Cited by 3,230

Heterogeneity of biochar properties as a function of feedstock sources and production temperatures

Zhao, L., Cao, X., Mašek, O., & Zimmerman, A. (2013) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.04.015 · Cited by 933

A High‐Performance Carbon for Supercapacitors Obtained by Carbonization of a Seaweed Biopolymer

Raymundo‐Piñero, E., Leroux, F., & Béguin, F. (2006) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.200501905 · Cited by 836

The Importance of Interbands on the Interpretation of the Raman Spectrum of Graphene Oxide

Claramunt, S., Varea, A., López‐Díaz, D., Velázquez, M. M., Cornet, A., & Cirera, A. (2015) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry C · doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b01590 · Cited by 838

A small angle X-ray scattering and electrochemical study of the decomposition of wood during pyrolysis

Smith, A. J., MacDonald, M. J., Ellis, L. D., Obrovac, M. N., & Dahn, J. R. (2012) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2012.03.045 · Cited by 37

Nanostructural Cell Wall Changes Due to Thermal Degradation in Wood

Plaza, N. Z., Hasburgh, L. E., Yang, L., & Bechle, N. J. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-59177-8_1

Ultrastructural development of the softwood cell wall during pyrolysis

Zollfrank, C., & Fromm, J. H. (2008) · Holzforschung · doi:10.1515/hf.2009.031 · Cited by 31

Wood pyrolysis – an in-situ SAXS/WAXS study

Zickler, G. A., Funari, S. S., Dommach, M., & Paris, O. (2015)

Thermal Decomposition of Cellulose Crystallites in Wood

Kim, D., Nishiyama, Y., Wada, M., Kuga, S., & Okano, T. (2001) · Holzforschung · doi:10.1515/hf.2001.084 · Cited by 133