The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year; 55 of the 55 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Psychotherapy for the Spectrum of Sexual Minority Stress: Application and Technique of the ESTEEM Treatment Model
Open accessAbstract
Converging evidence points to minority stress as a risk factor that predisposes sexual minority individuals to a variety of negative psychosocial health outcomes, particularly depression and anxiety, substance use, and sexual risk-taking. This paper outlines the techniques and theoretical underpinnings for implementing an emerging empirically supported psychotherapy targeting the transdiagnostic mechanisms linking minority stress with these outcomes for sexual minority clients. We outline the essential therapeutic principles, psychoeducation content, as well as session- and homework-based activities that can be adapted for a variety of presenting problems that originate from and are exacerbated by minority stress via these transdiagnostic minority stress processes. As the development and dissemination of this therapeutic model is still within its early stages, we review the intervention's empirical support thus far and outline potential directions for future development and dissemination via individual, clinic-based, and societal channels.
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“To the authors’ knowledge, only one randomized controlled trial has been conducted with sexual minority young people to test a CBT-based intervention targeting mental health outcomes—ESTEEM (Effective Skills to Empower Effective Men) [31,32,33].”
From Findings from a feasibility study of an adapted cognitive behavioral therapy group intervention to reduce depression among lgbtq (Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer) young people (2019) · cites this paper as [31]
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“the first principle that “mood and anxiety symptoms are normal responses to minority stress” informs the first of a 10-module protocol”
From Minority stress theory: Application, critique, and continued relevance (2023) · cites this paper as [36]
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Citations
Cites
Meyer, I. H. (2003) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.129.5.674 · Cited by 14,736
Motivational interviewing: preparing people for change.
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Emotional processing of fear: Exposure to corrective information.
Foa, E. B., & Kozak, M. J. (1986) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.99.1.20 · Cited by 5,396
How does sexual minority stigma “get under the skin”? A psychological mediation framework
Hatzenbuehler, M. L. (2009) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0016441 · Cited by 2,695
Maximizing exposure therapy: An inhibitory learning approach
Craske, M. G., Treanor, M., Conway, C. C., Zbozinek, T., & Vervliet, B. (2014) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2014.04.006 · Cited by 2,339
King, M., Semlyen, J., Tai, S. S., Killaspy, H., Osborn, D., Popelyuk, D., & Nazareth, I. (2008) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-8-70 · Cited by 2,300
Marshal, M. P., Dietz, L. J., Friedman, M. S., Stall, R., Smith, H. A., McGinley, J., Thoma, B. C., Murray, P. J., D'Augelli, A. R., & Brent, D. A. (2011) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.02.005 · Cited by 1,215
Cochran, S. D., Sullivan, J. G., & Mays, V. M. (2003) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.71.1.53 · Cited by 1,109
Hatzenbuehler, M. L., McLaughlin, K. A., Keyes, K. M., & Hasin, D. S. (2010) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2009.168815 · Cited by 932
Internalized homophobia and internalizing mental health problems: A meta-analytic review
Newcomb, M. E., & Mustanski, B. (2010) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2010.07.003 · Cited by 896
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–105 of 105
Dellucci, T. V., Janulis, P. F., & Adams, Z. W. (2026) · LGBT Health · doi:10.1177/23258292261428157
Wu, W., Song, X., Pachankis, J. E., Yi, M., Li, M. L., Pan, S., He, Y., Li, F., Xiong, Y., & Li, X. (2026) · doi:10.2196/preprints.98541
Applicability for Dimensional Diagnosis in Underrepresented and Epistemically Excluded Populations
Nielsen, S. R., Asadi, S., & Rodriguez-Seijas, C. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197769676.003.0023
Wu, W., Song, X., Pachankis, J. E., Yi, M., Li, M. L., Pan, S., He, Y., Li, F., Xiong, Y., & Li, X. (2026) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/98541
Fadul, O., Bell, L. M., Horn, D. J., Nam, S., & Jeong, J. (2026) · Journal of LGBTQ Issues in Counseling · doi:10.1080/26924951.2026.2655134
Metadata
- Authors
- Burton, C. L., Wang, K., & Pachankis, J. E.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Burton, Charles L.
- Venue
- Cognitive and Behavioral Practice
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-05
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 285-299
- ISSN
- 1077-7229 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6779338
- OpenAlex
- W2620794797
- Cited by
- 105
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 9
- FWCI
- 7.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Cognitive and Behavioral Practice (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Counseling Practices and Supervision
- Keywords
- sexual minority stress, depression, anxiety, substance use, sexual risk behavior, psychoeducation, transdiagnostic mechanisms, intervention dissemination
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