Cited by 15Clinical Laboratory Practices and Quality ControlDiabetes Management and ResearchElectrochemical sensors and biosensors

The DOI matches its Crossref record; the references it cites are not checked yet.

Evaluation of accuracy of FAD-GDH- and mutant Q-GDH-based blood glucose monitors in multi-patient populations

Abstract

Background Glucose dehydrogenases have been highly promoted to high-accuracy blood glucose (BG) monitors. The flavin adenine dinucleotide glucose dehydrogenase (FAD-GDH) and mutant variant of quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase (Mut. Q-GDH) are widely used in high-performance BG monitors for multi-patient use. Therefore we conducted accuracy evaluation of the GDH monitors, FAD-GDH-based GM700 and Mut. Q-GDH-based Performa. Methods Different patients were enrolled: patients with and without diabetes, patients receiving respiratory therapies, hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, and neonates. The accuracy evaluation of FAD-GDH- and Mut. Q-GDH-based monitors referred to ISO 15197:2013 which applies new criteria for the minion accuracy requirements: more than 95% of the blood glucose readings shall fall within ±15mg/dL of the reference method at glucose concentration <100mg/dL and within ±15% of the reference method at glucose concentration ≥100mg/dL. Bland-Altman plots were used to evaluate the 2 GDH monitors as well. Results Bland-Altman plots visualized excellent precision of the BG monitors. The 95% limit agreement of overall results for the FAD-GDH-based monitors was within ±12% and that for the Mut. Q-GDH-based monitors was from -10 to +17%. Both BG monitors met the accuracy requirements of ISO 15197:2013. The FAD-GDH-based monitor performed better with neonates and patients with and without diabetes, and the Mut. Q-GDH-based monitor performed better with HD and PD patients. Conclusions Analytical results prove that the GDH-based monitors tolerate a broad BG concentration range, are oxygen independent, have BG specificity, and have minimal interference from hematocrit. The GDH-based monitors are reliable for multi-patient use.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.cca.2014.02.023

Cites

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

The citation lists haven’t been fetched yet

References 36 · Cited by 15

Research works printed but not linked: 33

  1. Clark, 1962, Electrode systems for continuous monitoring in cardiovascular surgery, Ann N Y Acad Sci, 102, 29, 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1962.tb13623.x · DOI · Paper page
  2. Ferri, 2011, Review of glucose oxidases and glucose dehydrogenases: a bird's eye view of glucose sensing enzymes, J Diabetes Sci Technol, 5, 1068, 10.1177/193229681100500507 · DOI
  3. Wilson, 1992, Glucose oxidase: an ideal enzyme, Biosens Bioelectron, 7, 165, 10.1016/0956-5663(92)87013-F · DOI
  4. Wang, 2001, Glucose biosensors: 40years of advances and challenges, Electroanalysis, 13, 983, 10.1002/1521-4109(200108)13:12<983::AID-ELAN983>3.0.CO;2-# · DOI
  5. Tang, 2001, Oxygen effects on glucose meter measurements with glucose dehydrogenase- and oxidase-based test strips for point-of-care testing, Crit Care Med, 29, 1062, 10.1097/00003246-200105000-00038 · DOI
  6. Wong, 2008, Glucose oxidase: natural occurrence, function, properties and industrial applications, Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 78, 927, 10.1007/s00253-008-1407-4 · DOI
  7. Zafar, 2012, Characterization of different FAD-dependent glucose dehydrogenases for possible use in glucose-based biosensors and biofuel cells, Anal Bioanal Chem, 402, 2069, 10.1007/s00216-011-5650-7 · DOI
  8. Yamaoka, 2007, A disposable electrochemical glucose sensor using catalytic subunit of novel thermostable glucose dehydrogenase, Open Biotechnol J, 1, 26, 10.2174/1874070700701010026 · DOI
  9. Flore, 2009, Analytical interferences in point-of-care testing glucometers by icodextrin and its metabolites: an overview. Peritoneal dialysis international, J Int Soc Perit Dial, 29, 377, 10.1177/089686080902900403 · DOI
  10. Frias, 2010, Review of adverse events associated with false glucose readings measured by GDH-PQQ-based glucose test strips in the presence of interfering sugars, Diabetes Care, 33, 728, 10.2337/dc09-1822 · DOI · Paper page
  11. FDA, 2009, FDA Public Health Notification: potentially fatal errors with GDH-PQQ glucose monitoring technology, US Food Drug Adm
  12. Igarashi, 2004, Engineering PQQ glucose dehydrogenase with improved substrate specificity. Site-directed mutagenesis studies on the active center of PQQ glucose dehydrogenase, Biomol Eng, 21, 81, 10.1016/j.bioeng.2003.12.001 · DOI
  13. Igarashi, 1999, Construction and characterization of mutant water-soluble PQQ glucose dehydrogenases with altered K(m) values—site-directed mutagenesis studies on the putative active site, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 264, 820, 10.1006/bbrc.1999.1157 · DOI
  14. Tsujimura, 2006, Novel FAD-dependent glucose dehydrogenase for a dioxygen-insensitive glucose biosensor, Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 70, 654, 10.1271/bbb.70.654 · DOI
  15. Freckmann, 2010, System accuracy evaluation of 27 blood glucose monitoring systems according to DIN EN ISO 15197, Diabetes Technol Ther, 12, 221, 10.1089/dia.2009.0128 · DOI · Paper page
  16. Freckmann, 2012, System accuracy evaluation of 43 blood glucose monitoring systems for self-monitoring of blood glucose according to DIN EN ISO 15197, J Diabetes Sci Technol, 6, 1060, 10.1177/193229681200600510 · DOI · Paper page
  17. Baumstark, 2012, Lot-to-lot variability of test strips and accuracy assessment of systems for self-monitoring of blood glucose according to ISO 15197, J Diabetes Sci Technol, 6, 1076, 10.1177/193229681200600511 · DOI
  18. Hsu, 2009, Assessing the quality of Bionime self-monitoring blood glucose system Rightest GM110: a critical evaluation of interference and ambient circumstances, Clin Chim Acta Int J Clin Chem, 402, 119, 10.1016/j.cca.2008.12.029 · DOI
  19. Kuo, 2011, Accuracy and precision evaluation of seven self-monitoring blood glucose systems, Diabetes Technol Ther, 13, 596, 10.1089/dia.2010.0223 · DOI
  20. FDA, 1996, Points to consider for portable blood glucose monitoring devices intended for bedside use in the neonate nursery, US Food Drug Adm
  21. Mahoney, 2007, Glucose measurement: confounding issues in setting targets for inpatient management: response to Dungan et al, Diabetes Care, 30, e71, 10.2337/dc07-0522 · DOI
  22. Karon, 2008, Evaluation of the impact of hematocrit and other interference on the accuracy of hospital-based glucose meters, Diabetes Technol Ther, 10, 111, 10.1089/dia.2007.0257 · DOI
  23. Janssen, 1998, Positive interference of icodextrin metabolites in some enzymatic glucose methods, Clin Chem, 44, 2379, 10.1093/clinchem/44.11.2379 · DOI
  24. Aziz, 2004, Screening guidelines for newborns at risk for low blood glucose, J Paediatr Child Health, 9, 723, 10.1093/pch/9.10.723 · DOI · Paper page
  25. Adamkin, 2011, Postnatal glucose homeostasis in late-preterm and term infants, Pediatrics, 127, 575, 10.1542/peds.2010-3851 · DOI · Paper page
  26. Deshpande, 2005, The investigation and management of neonatal hypoglycaemia, Semin Fetal Neonatal Med, 10, 351, 10.1016/j.siny.2005.04.002 · DOI
  27. Halamek, 1997, Neonatal hypoglycemia, Part I: background and definition, Clin Pediatr, 36, 675, 10.1177/000992289703601201 · DOI
  28. Mahoney, 2007, Assessing the quality of glucose monitor studies: a critical evaluation of published reports, Clin Chem, 53, 1122, 10.1373/clinchem.2006.083493 · DOI · Paper page
  29. Klonoff, 2008, Consensus report of the coalition for clinical research-self-monitoring of blood glucose, J Diabetes Sci Technol, 2, 1030, 10.1177/193229680800200612 · DOI · Paper page
  30. Thorpe, 2013, Assessing the quality of publications evaluating the accuracy of blood glucose monitoring systems, Diabetes Technol Ther, 15, 253, 10.1089/dia.2012.0265 · DOI
  31. Nichols, 2005, What is accuracy and how close must the agreement be?, Diabetes Technol Ther, 7, 558, 10.1089/dia.2005.7.558 · DOI
  32. Heinemann, 2012, Accuracy in blood glucose measurement: what will a tightening of requirements yield?, J Diabetes Sci Technol, 6, 435, 10.1177/193229681200600232 · DOI
  33. Mahoney, 2007, Assessing glucose monitor performance—a standardized approach, Diabetes Technol Ther, 9, 545, 10.1089/dia.2007.0245 · DOI

Metadata

Authors
Huang, T.-Y., Chang, H.-W., Tsao, M.-F., Chuang, S.-M., Ni, C.-C., Sue, J.-W., Lin, H.-C., & Hsu, C.-T.
Affiliations
  • Taipei Medical University Hospital (TW)
  • Chung Shan Medical University (TW)
Corresponding author
  • Lin, Hsiu-Chen
  • Hsu, Cheng-Teng
Venue
Clinica Chimica Acta
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2014-06
Volume
433
Pages
28-33
ISSN
0009-8981 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2025267443
Cited by
15
References
36
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3
FWCI
1.78
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Clinica Chimica Acta (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Taipei Medical University Repository (submittedVersion)
Funders
U.S. Food and Drug Administration
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Medical Laboratory Technology › Clinical Laboratory Practices and Quality Control
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
  • Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Analytical Chemistry › Electrochemical sensors and biosensors
Keywords
glucose dehydrogenase, quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase, blood glucose meters, glucose meter accuracy, ISO 15197:2013, hemodialysis patients, peritoneal dialysis patients, neonates, diabetes mellitus, respiratory care, hematocrit interference
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Blood Chemical Analysis, Blood Glucose, Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide, Female, Glucose Dehydrogenases, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Middle Aged, Mutation, Young Adult

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Evaluation of accuracy of FAD-GDH- and mutant Q-GDH-based blood glucose monitors in multi-patient populations. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.cca.2014.02.023
The paper
Huang, T.-Y., Chang, H.-W., Tsao, M.-F., Chuang, S.-M., Ni, C.-C., Sue, J.-W., Lin, H.-C., & Hsu, C.-T. (2014). Evaluation of accuracy of FAD-GDH- and mutant Q-GDH-based blood glucose monitors in multi-patient populations. Clinica Chimica Acta. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2014.02.023