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Cited by 159

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

RETRACTED: A Self-Produced Trigger for Biofilm Disassembly that Targets Exopolysaccharide

Open access
Kolodkin-Gal, Ilana, Cao, Shugeng, Chai, Liraz, Böttcher, Thomas, Kolter, Roberto, Clardy, Jon, Losick, Richard·2012·Cell

Abstract

Biofilms are structured communities of bacteria that are held together by an extracellular matrix consisting of protein and exopolysaccharide. Biofilms often have a limited lifespan, disassembling as nutrients become exhausted and waste products accumulate. D-amino acids were previously identified as a self-produced factor that mediates biofilm disassembly by causing the release of the protein component of the matrix in Bacillus subtilis. Here we report that B. subtilis produces an additional biofilm-disassembly factor, norspermidine. Dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscopy experiments indicated that norspermidine interacts directly and specifically with exopolysaccharide. D-amino acids and norspermidine acted together to break down existing biofilms and mutants blocked in the production of both formed long-lived biofilms. Norspermidine, but not closely related polyamines, prevented biofilm formation by B. subtilis, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.cell.2012.02.055This paper is marked retracted.

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Metadata

Authors
Kolodkin-Gal, I., Cao, S., Chai, L., Böttcher, T., Kolter, R., Clardy, J., & Losick, R.
Venue
Cell
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2012-04
Volume
149
Issue
3
Pages
684-692
ISSN
0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2167258145
Cited by
159
References
2
FWCI
10.92
Type
journal article
Language
en
Status
Retracted
Open access
bronze

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: RETRACTED: A Self-Produced Trigger for Biofilm Disassembly that Targets Exopolysaccharide. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.cell.2012.02.055
The paper
Kolodkin-Gal, I., Cao, S., Chai, L., Böttcher, T., Kolter, R., Clardy, J., & Losick, R. (2012). RETRACTED: A Self-Produced Trigger for Biofilm Disassembly that Targets Exopolysaccharide. Cell. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2012.02.055

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.