The DOI matches its Crossref record; 69 of the 69 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Super-Resolution Fluorescence Imaging of Telomeres Reveals TRF2-Dependent T-loop Formation
Open accessAbstract
We have applied a super-resolution fluorescence imaging method, stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM), to visualize the structure of functional telomeres and telomeres rendered dysfunctional through removal of shelterin proteins. The STORM images showed that functional telomeres frequently exhibit a t-loop configuration. Conditional deletion of individual components of shelterin showed that TRF2 was required for the formation and/or maintenance of t-loops, whereas deletion of TRF1, Rap1, or the POT1 proteins (POT1a and POT1b) had no effect on the frequency of t-loop occurrence. Within the shelterin complex, TRF2 uniquely serves to protect telomeres from two pathways that are initiated on free DNA ends: classical nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) and ATM-dependent DNA damage signaling. The TRF2-dependent remodeling of telomeres into t-loop structures, which sequester the ends of chromosomes, can explain why NHEJ and the ATM signaling pathway are repressed when TRF2 is present.
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“Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences, bound by the six-subunit shelterin complex [86] that facilitates the formation of telomere loops (t-loop) to hide the telomere end [87,88], thus protecting the natural chromosome ends from signaling pathways that sense and act at DNA breaks.”
From Mechanisms and Regulation of Cellular Senescence (2021) · cites this paper as [88]
In the citing paper
“In agreement, TRF2 overexpression delays replicative senescence onset [101], indicating that TRF2 capacity to sequester the telomere terminus via the t-loop conformation [88] might suppress the DNA damage signal from too short telomere ends and protect them from ATM signaling.”
From Mechanisms and Regulation of Cellular Senescence (2021) · cites this paper as [88]
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Citations
Cites
Sub-diffraction-limit imaging by stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM)
Rust, M., Bates, M., & Zhuang, X. (2006) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth929 · Cited by 7,823
Self-citationThe mechanism of double-strand DNA break repair by the nonhomologous DNA end-joining pathway
Lieber, M. R. (2010) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.052308.093131 · Cited by 2,882
Three-Dimensional Super-Resolution Imaging by Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy
Huang, B., Wang, W.-Q., Bates, M., & Zhuang, X. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1153529 · Cited by 2,830
Self-citationMammalian Telomeres End in a Large Duplex Loop
Griffith, J. D., Comeau, L., Rosenfield, S., Stansel, R. M., Bianchi, A., Moss, H., & de Lange, T. (1999) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80760-6 · Cited by 2,447
Subdiffraction‐Resolution Fluorescence Imaging with Conventional Fluorescent Probes
Heilemann, M., van de Linde, S., Schüttpelz, M., Kasper, R. T., Seefeldt, B., Mukherjee, A., Tinnefeld, P., & Sauer, M. (2008) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.200802376 · Cited by 1,870
How Shelterin Protects Mammalian Telomeres
Palm, W., & de Lange, T. (2008) · Annual Review of Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev.genet.41.110306.130350 · Cited by 1,802
TRF2 Protects Human Telomeres from End-to-End Fusions
van Steensel, B., Smogorzewska, A., & de Lange, T. (1998) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80932-0 · Cited by 1,709
THE STABILITY OF BROKEN ENDS OF CHROMOSOMES IN ZEA MAYS
McClintock, B. (1941) · Genetics · doi:10.1093/genetics/26.2.234 · Cited by 1,605
Multicolor Super-Resolution Imaging with Photo-Switchable Fluorescent Probes
Bates, M., Huang, B., Dempsey, G. T., & Zhuang, X. (2007) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1146598 · Cited by 1,507
Self-citationYeast transformation: a model system for the study of recombination.
Orr‐Weaver, T. L., Szostak, J. W., & Rothstein, R. J. (1981) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.78.10.6354 · Cited by 1,501
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Shelterin-Mediated Telomere Protection
de Lange, T. (2018) · Annual Review of Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev-genet-032918-021921 · Cited by 816
Visualizing and discovering cellular structures with super-resolution microscopy
Sigal, Y. M., Zhou, R., & Zhuang, X. (2018) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aau1044 · Cited by 716
Self-citationRoles of telomeres and telomerase in cancer, and advances in telomerase-targeted therapies
Jafri, M. A., Ansari, S. A., Alqahtani, M. H., & Shay, J. W. (2016) · Genome Medicine · doi:10.1186/s13073-016-0324-x · Cited by 716
“The 3′ G-rich overhang facilitates telomeric DNA in forming a higher-order structure in which the 3′ single-stranded overhang folds back and invades the homologous double-stranded TTAGGG region, forming a telomeric loop (T-loop) that provides 3′-end protection by sequestering it from recognition by the DDR machinery […”
Background53BP1/Rif1/Shieldin counteract DSB resection through CST/Polα-dependent fill-in
Mirman, Z., Lottersberger, F., Takai, H., Kibe, T., Gong, Y., Takai, K., Bianchi, A., Zimmermann, M., Durocher, D., & de Lange, T. (2018) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0324-7 · Cited by 362
Cai, Y., Song, W., Li, J., Jing, Y., Liang, C., Zhang, L., Zhang, X., Zhang, W., Liu, B., An, Y., et al. (2022) · Science China Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s11427-022-2161-3 · Cited by 450
Metadata
- Authors
- Doksani, Y., Wu, J. Y., de Lange, T., & Zhuang, X.
- Affiliations
- Rockefeller University (US)
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Zhuang, Xiaowei
- Venue
- Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-10
- Volume
- 155
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 345-356
- ISSN
- 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4062873
- OpenAlex
- W2164580633
- Cited by
- 493
- References
- 69
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 51 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 47 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 45 · 2015: 45 · 2014: 36 · 2013: 4
- FWCI
- 30.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- National Institute on Aging (R56AG016642, AG016642, R01AG016642)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM068518, R37GM049046, R01GM049046, GM 068518, GM096450, R01GM096450, GM049046)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
- Keywords
- telomeres, T-loop, TRF2, shelterin, TRF1, Rap1, POT1, super-resolution fluorescence microscopy, storms, non-homologous end joining, ATM signaling, DNA damage response, telomere dysfunction, telomere protection
- MeSH terms
- Shelterin Complex, Animals, DNA-Binding Proteins, Fibroblasts, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Telomere, Telomere-Binding Proteins, Telomeric Repeat Binding Protein 2, Mice
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