Cited by 222Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model OrganismsGut microbiota and healthOral microbiology and periodontitis research

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You Are What You Host: Microbiome Modulation of the Aging Process

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Heintz, Caroline, Mair, William·2014·Cell

DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2014.01.025PMC PMC3956044

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Abstract

The critical impact that microbiota have on health and disease makes the interaction between host and microbiome increasingly important as we evaluate therapeutics. Here, we highlight growing evidence that, beyond disease, microbes also affect the most fundamental of host physiological phenotypes, the rate of aging itself.

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BackgroundInfluential
Antioxidant Biomedicine: From Chemistry of Free-Radicals to Reliability of Biological Systems
Koltover, V. K. (2018) · Research in Medical & Engineering Sciences · doi:10.31031/rmes.2018.03.000565 · Cited by 7
Social and environmental predictors of gut microbiome age in wild baboonsPreprint
Dasari, M. R., Roche, K. E., Jansen, D., Anderson, J. A., Alberts, S. C., Tung, J., Gilbert, J. A., Blekhman, R., Mukherjee, S., & Archie, E. A. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.102166 · Cited by 8
“It reads, “In mammals, one valuable marker of biological aging may lie in the composition and dynamics of the gut microbiome (Claesson et al. 2012; Heintz and Mair 2014; O’Toole and Jeffery 2015; Sadoughi et al. 2022).””
Interrelationship between the 5-lipoxygenase pathway and microbial dysbiosis in the progression of Alzheimer's disease
Mathis, S., Bodduluri, S. R., & Haribabu, B. (2021) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids · doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.158982 · Cited by 6
Network Topology of Biological Aging and Geroscience-Guided Approaches to COVID-19
LANDAY, A. L., Bartley, J. M., Banerjee, D., Hargis, G. R., Haynes, L., Keshavarzian, A., Kuo, C., Kwon, O. S., Li, S., Li, S., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Aging · doi:10.3389/fragi.2021.695218 · Cited by 6
Structure−activity relationship of ginsenoside derivatives with different glycosides and double bond position on anti-aging bioactivities
Zhang, J., Wang, W., Fan, D., Deng, J., & Yang, H. (2025) · Journal of Ginseng Research · doi:10.1016/j.jgr.2025.05.002 · Cited by 6
“C. elegans is a widely used model organism in aging studies because of short and easily monitored lifespan [27,28] and absence of ethical issues [29].”
The microbiome-gerogene axis: a new frontier in precision geromedicine
Bautista, J., & López‐Cortés, A. (2026) · Frontiers in Aging · doi:10.3389/fragi.2026.1794192 · Cited by 5
“…presentation, T cell proliferation, and inflammatory resolution show strong associations with microbial metabolic pathways, underscoring the role of microbiome-sensitive gerogenes in coordinating immune resilience across tissues (Binyamin et al., 2025; Heintz and Mair, 2014; Nguyen and Cho, 2025).”
Utilizing a novel fecal sampling method to examine resistance of the honey bee (Apis mellifera) gut microbiome to a low dose of tetracycline
Gregory, C. L., Bradford, E. L., Fell, R. D., Haak, D. C., & Belden, L. K. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0317129 · Cited by 5
Antioxidant pharmacology
Koltover, V. K., & Skipa, T. A. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-823679-6.00010-2 · Cited by 5
Aging Skin Microbiology
Charbonneau, D. L., Song, Y., & Liu, C. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-27814-3_83-2 · Cited by 5
Mapping the canine microbiome: Insights from the Dog Aging ProjectPreprint
Bamberger, T., Muller, E., Algavi, Y. M., Greenier, A., Adjangba, C., Slikas, B., Brassington, L., Mariner, B. L., McCoy, B. M., Harrison, B. R., et al. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.12.02.625632 · Cited by 5
Alterations of Chinese women’s skin microbiota associated with the aging process
Wang, C., Yang, S., Ma, L., Li, Y., Shi, Y., Wang, M., Shao, L., Li, Z., & Wang, Y. (2022) · Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica · doi:10.3724/abbs.2022105 · Cited by 4
Social and environmental predictors of gut microbiome age in wild baboons
Dasari, M. R., Roche, K. E., Jansen, D., Anderson, J. A., Alberts, S. C., Tung, J., Gilbert, J. A., Blekhman, R., Mukherjee, S., & Archie, E. A. (2025) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.102166.3 · Cited by 4
Dietary Restriction in C. elegans
Zhang, Y., & Mair, W. B. (2016) · Healthy ageing and longevity · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-44703-2_16 · Cited by 4
Self-citation
Recent advances in the infant gut microbiome and health
Díaz, R., & Garrido, D. A. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819178-1.00004-6 · Cited by 3
Role of Nutraceuticals in Modulation of Gut-Brain Axis in Elderly Persons
Enciu, A., Codrici, E., Mihai, S., Manole, E., Pop, S., Codorean, E., Niculite, C. M., Necula, L. G., Ţârcomnicu, I., Gille, E., et al. (2018) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.73005 · Cited by 4
“Each human organism hosts a widely diverse population of microbes that form a “metaorganism” (comprising 10 bacterial cells for every one of our own) [32].”
Background
Preface
Clarke, G. A., & Cryan, J. F. (2016) · International review of neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0074-7742(16)30165-9 · Cited by 3
Confirming the Pro-longevity Effects of H3K4me3-deficient set-2 Mutants in Extending Lifespan in C. elegansPreprint
Silva-García, C. G., & Mair, W. B. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.08.02.502497 · Cited by 2
“Therefore, these types of contextual interactions between the genome of the host and associated microbes may also mimic the complex relationship between host genetics and the microbiome seen in higher organisms (Heintz and Mair, 2014).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Social and environmental predictors of gut microbiome age in wild baboonsPreprint
Dasari, M. R., Roche, K. E., Jansen, D., Anderson, J. A., Alberts, S. C., Tung, J., Gilbert, J. A., Blekhman, R., Mukherjee, S., & Archie, E. A. (2025) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.102166.2 · Cited by 3
Honey bee (Apis mellifera) queen quality: host-microbial transcriptomes exploring the influence of age and hindgut symbiont Commensalibacter melissae
Copeland, D. C., Kortenkamp, O. L., Mott, B. M., Mason, C. J., & Anderson, K. E. (2025) · Animal Microbiome · doi:10.1186/s42523-025-00408-w · Cited by 2
“There are many examples of gut symbionts providing beneficial host effects including longevity [14, 17, 38].”
The protect role of Hydrogen sulfide in gastric injury
Verma, N. (2014) · Inflammation and Cell Signaling · doi:10.14800/ics.156 · Cited by 2
Aging in COPD and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Sánchez, C. G. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-23246-1_15 · Cited by 2
The Human Microbiome in Hematologic Malignancies
Hildebrandt, G. C. (2016) · Hematology & Transfusion International Journal · doi:10.15406/htij.2016.02.00047 · Cited by 2
阿尔茨海默病与肠道微生物
胡, 旭., 金, 锋., & 王, 涛. (2016) · Scientia Sinica Vitae · doi:10.1360/n052016-0080 · Cited by 1
Human Microbiota Impact on the Efficacy of Pharmacological Treatments
Siraj, M., Siraj, H., Miran, S., & Hussain, F. (2024) · Advances in medical technologies and clinical practice book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-2333-5.ch011 · Cited by 2
Unraveling the mode of action of medicinal plants in delaying age-related diseases using model organisms
Prasanth, M. I., Sivamaruthi, B. S., Kesika, P., Rosmol, P. S., & Tencomnao, T. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819590-1.00002-1 · Cited by 2
Parasitic worm-derived ES-62 promotes health- and life-span in high calorie diet-fed micePreprint
Crowe, J., Lumb, F. E., Doonan, J., Broussard, M., Tarafdar, A., Pineda, M. A., Landabaso, C., Mulvey, L., Hoskisson, P. A., Babayan, S. A., et al. (2019) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/622753 · Cited by 3
Competitive Coherence Generates Qualia in Bacteria and Other Living Systems
Norris, V. (2021) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology10101034 · Cited by 4
Modulation of the Process of Aging in Human Organism: Recent Advances in Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Treatment
Tsoukalas, D., Fragkiadaki, P., Sarandi, E., & Aristidis, T. (2018) · Journal of Siberian Federal University Biology · doi:10.17516/1997-1389-0057 · Cited by 1
“Diffusible molecules released by the bacteria directly affect cells of the host, and recent studies indicate that these interspecies signaling impacts host aging rate (Heintz & Mair, 2014).”
Background
Aging: Impact of Gut Microbiota
Anand, S. K., Lakshmikanth, R. R. N. R., Ramaiah, M. K., Jayashree, D. R., & Ravikiran, T. (2022) · Nutritional neurosciences · doi:10.1007/978-981-19-4530-4_5 · Cited by 1
Sex and the Aging Immune System
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Environmental Metabolomics: With the Perspective of Marine Toxicology Assessment
Pabbathi, N. P. P., Nathani, N. M., Gadhvi, I. R., & Chandrashekar, M. (2020) · Environmental chemistry for a sustainable world · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-38192-9_8 · Cited by 1
Study on the Role of SIRT2 in Stem Cell Aging and Chronic Inflammation
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Age associated microbiome modulation and its association with systemic inflammation in a Rhesus Macaque ModelPreprint
Pallikkuth, S., Russell, K. B., Sirupangi, T., Méndez, R., Kvistad, D., Pahwa, R., Villinger, F. J., Banerjee, S., & Pahwa, S. G. (2019) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/813667 · Cited by 1
Explaining the microbial diversity conundrum: can microbiome composition be crucial for host fitness, while highly divergent among healthy individuals?Preprint
Daybog, I., & Kolodny, O. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.01.03.474762 · Cited by 1
“Such studies have been able to link the composition of an individual’s microbiome to numerous factors, ranging from the host’s health and physiology (11–13), through its behavior (14, 15), to its aging dynamics (13, 16).”
Background
Social and environmental predictors of gut microbiome age in wild baboonsPreprint
Dasari, M. R., Roche, K. E., Jansen, D., Anderson, J. A., Alberts, S. C., Tung, J., Gilbert, J. A., Blekhman, R., Mukherjee, S., & Archie, E. A. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.102166.1 · Cited by 1
The impact of host-microbe interactions on murine colonic secretomotor function
Lomasney, K. W. (2014) · Cork Open Research Archive (University College Cork, Ireland)
Cardioprotective Role of the Cholinergic System
Dakroub, M. (2015) · Scholarship@Western (Western University)
Evolutionary Medicine I. An Overview and Applications to Cancer
Johnson, N. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800049-6.00310-3
The Aging Superorganism
Kinross, J. K., & Marchesi, J. R. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800344-2.00009-4

Authors: Heintz, C., & Mair, W.
Affiliations: Harvard University (US)
Corresponding author: Mair, William
ORCID: Heintz, Caroline
Mair, William
Venue: Cell
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2014-01
Volume: 156
Issue: 3
Pages: 408-411
ISSN: 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.01.025
PMC: PMC3956044
OpenAlex: W2095090113
Cited by: 222
References: 25
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 12
FWCI: 8.89
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 394 d)
Locations: Cell (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: Ellison Medical Foundation
National Institute on Aging (R01AG044346)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
Keywords: microbiome, aging, host-microbe interactions, microbiota modulation, host physiology, age-related diseases, therapeutics
MeSH terms: Aging, Animals, Humans, Longevity, Models, Animal, Metagenome, Microbiota

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You Are What You Host: Microbiome Modulation of the Aging Process

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