The DOI matches its Crossref record; 33 of the 34 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Revealing the ‘real’ me, searching for the ‘actual’ you: Presentations of self on an internet dating site
Open accessOverview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“This seems plausible given that online dating has become a very popular and almost normative activity in Western society 5,6 .”
From The Online Romance Scam: A Serious Cybercrime (2012) · cites this paper as [5]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“In HHRs, actors will typically be 'checking in the conversation for signs of reciprocity' (Whitty, 2008, p. 28).”
From My Chatbot Companion - a Study of Human-Chatbot Relationships (2021) · cites this paper as Whitty, 2008
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Self-disclosure is important to relationship building and is typically described as a mutual process (Altman et al., 1981;Whitty, 2008).”
From My Chatbot Companion - a Study of Human-Chatbot Relationships (2021) · cites this paper as Whitty, 2008
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“most online daters try to meet their person from the site fairly quickly, often within weeks after initial contact on the site.”
From The Scammers Persuasive Techniques Model: Development of a Stage Model to Explain the Online Dating Romance Scam (2013) · cites this paper as Whitty 2008
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Wagner, H. R., Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1968) · Social Forces · doi:10.2307/2575405 · Cited by 46,525
The Discovery of Grounded Theory; Strategies for Qualitative Research
Glaser, B. G., Strauss, A. L., & Strutzel, E. (1968) · Nursing Research · doi:10.1097/00006199-196807000-00014 · Cited by 39,449
The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life.
Naegele, K. D., & Goffman, E. (1956) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2089106 · Cited by 26,049
Self-discrepancy: A theory relating self and affect.
Higgins, E. T. (1987) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.94.3.319 · Cited by 7,219
Life on the Screen: Identity in the Age of the Internet
Turkle, S. (1997) · Cited by 6,340
Meany, J. O., Rogers, C. R., Dorfman, E., Gordon, T., & Hobbes, N. (1951) · The American Catholic Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/3707825 · Cited by 4,192
Introducing Qualitative Research in Psychology
Willig, C. (2001) · Cited by 3,012
(1973) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,836
Reducing Social Context Cues: Electronic Mail in Organizational Communication
Sproull, L. S., & Kiesler, S. B. (1986) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.32.11.1492 · Cited by 2,377
Introducing qualitative research in psychology : adventures in theory and method
Willig, C. (2008) · Cited by 2,291
Relationship formation on the Internet: What’s the big attraction?
McKenna, K. Y. A., Green, A. S., & Gleason, M. E. J. (2002) · Journal of Social Issues · doi:10.1111/1540-4560.00246 · Cited by 1,454
Preferences in human mate selection.
Buss, D. M., & Barnes, M. (1986) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.50.3.559 · Cited by 1,432
Can You See the Real Me? Activation and Expression of the “True Self” on the Internet
Bargh, J. A., McKenna, K. Y. A., & Fitzsimons, G. M. (2002) · Journal of Social Issues · doi:10.1111/1540-4560.00247 · Cited by 1,301
Parks, M. R., & Floyd, K. (1996) · Journal of Communication · doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1996.tb01462.x · Cited by 1,000
Relational Aspects of Computer-Mediated Communication: Experimental Observations over Time
Walther, J. B. (1995) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.6.2.186 · Cited by 817
Evolution, Traits, and the Stages of Human Courtship: Qualifying the Parental Investment Model
Kenrick, D. T., Sadalla, E. K., Groth, G., & Trost, M. R. (1990) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1990.tb00909.x · Cited by 729
Rice, R. E., & Love, G. (1987) · Communication Research · doi:10.1177/009365087014001005 · Cited by 691
Explorations in interpersonal communication
Miller, G. R. (1976) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 455
Is a Picture Worth a Thousand Words?
Walther, J. B., SLOVACEK, C. L., & Tidwell, L. C. (2001) · Communication Research · doi:10.1177/009365001028001004 · Cited by 433
Sex differences in sexual fantasy: An evolutionary psychological approach
Ellis, B. J., & Symons, D. (1990) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499009551579 · Cited by 432
Romance in Cyberspace: Understanding Online Attraction
Cooper, A., & Sportolari, L. (1997) · Journal of Sex Education and Therapy · doi:10.1080/01614576.1997.11074165 · Cited by 239
Goffman, E. (1997) · Cited by 226
The Presentation of Self in Electronic Life: Goffman on the Internet
Miller, H. (1995) · Cited by 189
Cyberspace Romance: The Psychology of Online Relationships
Whitty, M. T., & Carr, A. N. (2006) · doi:10.1007/978-0-230-20856-8 · Cited by 173
Self-citationWhitty, M. T. (2003) · Theory & Psychology · doi:10.1177/0959354303013003003 · Cited by 131
Self-citationScharlott, B. W., & Christ, W. G. (1995) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/0747-5632(94)00028-g · Cited by 115
Virtual Attraction: What Rocks Your Boat
Levine, D. (2000) · CyberPsychology & Behavior · doi:10.1089/109493100420179 · Cited by 84
Whitty, M. T. (2004) · Behaviour Change · doi:10.1375/bech.21.2.115.55423 · Cited by 71
Self-citationThe Perception of Sexual Attractiveness: Sex Differences in Variability
Townsend, J. M., & Wasserman, T. H. (1997) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1023/a:1024570814293 · Cited by 64
Sexuality and partner selection: Sex differences among college students
Townsend, J. M. (1993) · Ethology and Sociobiology · doi:10.1016/0162-3095(93)90002-y · Cited by 60
The Chat Room Phenomenon: Reciprocal Communication in Cyberspace
Rollman, J. B., Krug, K. S., & Parente, F. (2000) · CyberPsychology & Behavior · doi:10.1089/109493100316003 · Cited by 44
The Art of Selling One’s ‘Self’ on an Online Dating Site: The BAR Approach
Whitty, M. T. (2007) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9780230206182_5 · Cited by 42
Self-citationBreaking Away from Grounded Identity? Women Academics on the Web
Miller, H., & Arnold, J. (2001) · CyberPsychology & Behavior · doi:10.1089/10949310151088451 · Cited by 32
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Online Dating: A Critical Analysis From the Perspective of Psychological Science
Finkel, E. J., Eastwick, P. W., Karney, B. R., Reis, H. T., & Sprecher, S. (2012) · Psychological Science in the Public Interest · doi:10.1177/1529100612436522 · Cited by 812
My Chatbot Companion - a Study of Human-Chatbot Relationships
Skjuve, M., Følstad, A., Fostervold, K. I., & Brandtzaeg, P. B. (2021) · International Journal of Human-Computer Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijhcs.2021.102601 · Cited by 797
“Self-disclosure is important to relationship building and is typically described as a mutual process (Altman et al., 1981; Whitty, 2008).”
BackgroundResultHwang, K., & Zhang, Q. (2018) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2018.05.029 · Cited by 639
Gibbs, J. L., Ellison, N. B., & Lai, C.-H. (2011) · Communication Research · doi:10.1177/0093650210377091 · Cited by 390
Profile as promise: A framework for conceptualizing veracity in online dating self-presentations
Ellison, N. B., Hancock, J. T., & Toma, C. L. (2012) · New Media & Society · doi:10.1177/1461444811410395 · Cited by 326
Metadata
- Authors
- Whitty, M. T.
- Affiliations
- Nottingham Trent University (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Whitty, Monica T.
- ORCID
- Whitty, Monica T.
- Venue
- Computers in Human Behavior
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-07
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1707-1723
- ISSN
- 0747-5632 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2137792114
- Cited by
- 345
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 14.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Computers in Human Behavior (publishedVersion)
- Warwick Research Archive Portal (University of Warwick) (acceptedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Nottingham Trent University's Institutional Repository (Nottingham Trent Repository) (submittedVersion)
- Leicester Research Archive (University of Leicester) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Privacy, Security, and Data Protection
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Keywords
- self-presentation, online dating, self-disclosure, online profiles, gender differences, romantic relationships, relationship initiation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review