“I agree to the terms and conditions”: (How) do users read privacy policies online? An eye-tracking experiment
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Up to 97% of users accept terms and conditions without fully understanding them.
“Research shows that up to 97% of users accept terms and conditions without fully understanding them 32,42,43 .”
From Privacy in consumer wearable technologies: a living systematic analysis of data policies across leading manufacturers (2025) · cites this paper as [43]
Cites
Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1984) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.39.4.341 · Cited by 6,544 · see citing works
Status quo bias in decision making
Samuelson, W., & Zeckhauser, R. (1988) · Journal of Risk and Uncertainty · doi:10.1007/bf00055564 · Cited by 5,897 · see citing works
Anomalies: The Endowment Effect, Loss Aversion, and Status Quo Bias
Kahneman, D., Knetsch, J. L., & Thaler, R. H. (1991) · Journal of Economic Perspectives · doi:10.1257/jep.5.1.193 · Cited by 5,019 · see citing works
Defaults, Framing and Privacy: Why Opting In-Opting Out1
Johnson, E. J., Bellman, S., & Lohse, G. L. (2002) · Marketing Letters · doi:10.1023/a:1015044207315 · Cited by 388 · see citing works
On site: to opt-in or opt-out?: it depends on the question
Bellman, S., Johnson, E. J., & Lohse, G. L. (2001) · Communications of the ACM · doi:10.1145/359205.359241 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Johnson, E. J., & Goldstein, D. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1091721 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
SoK: Content Moderation in Social Media, from Guidelines to Enforcement, and Research to Practice
Singhal, M., Ling, C., Paudel, P., Thota, P., Kumarswamy, N., Stringhini, G., & Nilizadeh, S. (2023) · 2023 IEEE 8th European Symposium on Security and Privacy (EuroS&P) · doi:10.1109/eurosp57164.2023.00056 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Doherty, C., Baldwin, M., Lambe, R., Altini, M., & Caulfield, B. (2025) · npj Digital Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41746-025-01757-1 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
- Authors
- Steinfeld, N.
- Venue
- Computers in Human Behavior
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-02
- Volume
- 55
- Pages
- 992-1000
- ISSN
- 0747-5632
- Cited by
- 180
- References
- 6
- Language
- en
- Funders
- Center for the Study of New Media, Society and Politics at Ariel University
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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