Using FTIR to corroborate the identity of functional groups involved in the binding of Cd and Cr to saltbush (Atriplex canescens) biomass
Abstract
Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies were performed to confirm the chemical modification of saltbush (Atriplex canescens) biomass and to provide information about the identity and binding characteristics of the chemical groups responsible for the binding of Cd(II), Cr(III), and Cr(VI). In addition, studies were performed to determine the optimum time for the binding of the three ions by saltbush biomass, and to study the efficiency of HCl and sodium citrate as stripping agents. The metal quantification was performed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The results showed that 10 min or less is enough to achieve the maximum metal binding, and that aqueous solutions of 0.1 mM HCl or sodium citrate were enough to strip more than 80% of the bound Cd. It was determined that more than 70% of the bound Cr(III) was stripped using 0.1 mM HCl. Chemical modification of carboxyl and ester groups on the biomass was performed. The FTIR results confirmed that the esterification of carboxyl groups and hydrolysis of ester groups in the native biomass had occurred. The direct effect of these modifications on the binding properties of the biomass provided strong evidence that the carboxyl functionality is the main group responsible for binding Cd and Cr(III). However, the IR data showed that for Cr(VI), a different type of functional group is involved.
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-NH2 group vibrations are indicated by FTIR peaks at 708, 776 cm-1 before Cr(VI) loading and at 739, 820 cm-1 after loading on TWB.
“The wavenumber peaks at 708, 776 cm À1 before loading of Cr(VI) and after C(VI) loading at 739, 820 cm À1 indicated the -NH 2 group vibrations [68].”
From Adsorption-reduction performance of tea waste and rice husk biochars for Cr(VI) elimination from wastewater (2020) · cites this paper as [68]
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Removal of Cr(VI) from synthetic wastewater by adsorption onto coffee ground and mixed waste tea
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“The wavenumber peaks at 708, 776 cm (cid:1) 1 before loading of Cr(VI) and after C(VI) loading at 739, 820 cm (cid:1) 1 indicated the –NH 2 group vibrations [68].”
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- Authors
- Sawalha, M. F., Peralta-Videa, J. R., Saupe, G. B., Dokken, K. M., & Gardea-Torresdey, J. L.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas at El Paso (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gardea-Torresdey, Jorge L.
- Venue
- Chemosphere
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-01
- Volume
- 66
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1424-1430
- ISSN
- 0045-6535 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2034159202
- Cited by
- 83
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 6.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Chemosphere (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
- National Institutes of Health
- University of Texas at El Paso
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (S06GM008012, S06 GM8012-33)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Heavy metals in environment
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Heavy Metal Pollution Remediation
- Keywords
- Atriplex, Atriplex canescens, heavy metal binding, cadmium, chromium, hexavalent chromium, carboxyl groups, ester groups, metal stripping, sodium citrate, hydrochloric acid, esterification, hydrolysis, metal biosorption
- MeSH terms
- Cadmium, Chromium, Time Factors, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, Biomass, Atriplex
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