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Transforming polystyrene waste into 3D hierarchically porous carbon for high-performance supercapacitors
Abstract
Polystyrene (PS) is usually discarded as a solid waste after a short lifespan. Thus the disposal of waste PS is an inevitably worldwide issue because of their stable and non-biodegradable nature. Herein, a facile method was proposed to carbonize PS waste into novel three-dimensional (3D) hierarchically porous carbon using Fe 2 O 3 particles as both catalyst and template. Furthermore, KOH activation was applied to generate microporous and mesopores on the wall of macropores. As a result, the obtained 3D hierarchically porous carbon exhibits a high specific capacitance of 284.1 F g-1 at 0.5 A g-1 and good rate performance of 198 F g-1 at 20 A g-1 in a three-electrode device. Moreover, the assembled symmetrical capacitor displays a high energy density of 19.2 W h kg-1 at the power density of 200.7 W kg-1 in aqueous electrolyte. Therefore, the present research develops a sustainable way to recycle waste plastics into 3D hierarchically porous carbon for supercapacitors.
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“For example, Ma and colleagues used iron oxide simultaneously as both catalyst and template, combined with KOH activation, to convert polystyrene waste into three-dimensional hierarchical porous carbon (3DHPC) (Fig. 7a) [71] .”
From Functional carbon materials from waste plastics: synthesis and applications (2025) · cites this paper as [71]
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“Employing a urea-based nitrogen-doping strategy further enhanced the porosity, yielding a high-performance material (U-3DHPC).”
From Functional carbon materials from waste plastics: synthesis and applications (2025) · cites this paper as [71]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Ma, C., Min, J., Gong, J., Liu, X., Mu, X., Chen, X., & Tang, T.
- Affiliations
- University of Science and Technology of China (CN)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology (CN)
- West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin (PL)
- Corresponding author
- Chen, Xuecheng
- Tang, Tao
- Venue
- Chemosphere
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-08
- Volume
- 253
- Pages
- 126755
- ISSN
- 0045-6535 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3016024486
- Cited by
- 138
- References
- 69
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 9
- FWCI
- 13.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Chemosphere (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Narodowe Centrum Nauki
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials › Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › MXene and MAX Phase Materials
- Keywords
- polystyrene waste, plastic recycling, hierarchical porous carbon, supercapacitors, KOH activation, specific capacitance, rate capability, energy density, aqueous electrolyte solutions, symmetric supercapacitor
- MeSH terms
- Carbon, Electrodes, Electrolytes, Plastics, Polystyrenes, Water, Porosity, Electric Capacitance
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