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Lipid peroxidation of membrane phospholipids generates hydroxy-alkenals and oxidized phospholipids active in physiological and/or pathological conditions
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and their metabolites have a variety of physiological roles including: energy provision, membrane structure, cell signaling and regulation of gene expression. Lipids containing polyunsaturated fatty acids are susceptible to free radical-initiated oxidation and can participate in chain reactions that increase damage to biomolecules. Lipid peroxidation, which leads to lipid hydroperoxide formation often, occurs in response to oxidative stress. Hydroperoxides are usually reduced to their corresponding alcohols by glutathione peroxidases. However, these enzymes are decreased in certain diseases resulting in a temporary increase of lipid hydroperoxides that favors their degradation into several compounds, including hydroxy-alkenals. The best known of these are: 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) and 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal (4-HHE), which derive from lipid peroxidation of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids, respectively. Compared to free radicals, these aldehydes are relatively stable and can diffuse within or even escape from the cell and attack targets far from the site of the original event. These aldehydes exhibit great reactivity with biomolecules, such as proteins, DNA, and phospholipids, generating a variety of intra and intermolecular covalent adducts. At the membrane level, proteins and amino lipids can be covalently modified by lipid peroxidation products (hydoxy-alkenals). These aldehydes can also act as bioactive molecules in physiological and/or pathological conditions. In addition this review is intended to provide an appropriate synopsis of identified effects of hydroxy-alkenals and oxidized phospholipids on cell signaling, from their intracellular production, to their action as intracellular messenger, up to their influence on transcription factors and gene expression.
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“Peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in membrane lipids60 by ROS can generate highly reactive aldehydes, such as 4-hydroxynonenal, which irreversibly modify proteins by carbonylation.61,62”
From The role of iron in brain ageing and neurodegenerative disorders (2014) · cites this paper as [60]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Catalá, A.
- Venue
- Chemistry and Physics of Lipids
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-01
- Volume
- 157
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-11
- ISSN
- 0009-3084 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2076519801
- Cited by
- 745
- References
- 118
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 40 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 50 · 2020: 44 · 2019: 53 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 35 · 2016: 54 · 2015: 55 · 2014: 36 · 2013: 49 · 2012: 47
- FWCI
- 3.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Chemistry and Physics of Lipids (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Keywords
- lipid peroxidation, membrane phospholipids, 4-hydroxynonenal, 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal, oxidized phospholipids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, oxidative stress, glutathione peroxidase, lipid hydroperoxides, protein aldehyde adducts, signal transduction, intracellular messengers, transcription factors, gene expression regulation, omega-6 fatty acids, omega-3 fatty acids
- MeSH terms
- Aldehydes, Animals, Cells, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated, Humans, Oxidation-Reduction, Phospholipids, Lipid Peroxidation
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